ORDER:
(1) DENYING PLAINTIFF'S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT; and
(2) GRANTING DEFENDANT'S CROSS-MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT
[Doc. No. 18]
MARILYN L. HUFF, District Judge.
On October 21, 2016, David Thomas Cole ("Plaintiff") filed a complaint against Defendant Nancy A. Berryhill, Acting Commissioner of Social Security ("Defendant"), seeking judicial review of an administrative denial of disability benefits under the Social Security Act. (Doc. No. 1.) On February 7, 2017, Defendant filed an answer to Plaintiff's complaint and the administrative record. (Doc. Nos. 6, 7.) On March 16, 2017, Plaintiff filed a motion for summary judgment, requesting that the Court reverse the Commissioner's final decision and order the payment of benefits, or alternatively, remand the case for further administrative proceedings. (Doc. No. 11.) On June 15, 2017, Defendant filed a cross-motion for summary judgment and a response in opposition to Plaintiff's motion, requesting that the Court affirm the Commissioner's final decision. (Doc. Nos. 18, 19.) For the reasons below, the Court denies Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment, grants Defendant's cross-motion for summary judgment, and affirms the Commissioner's final decision.
BACKGROUND
On August 23, 2012, Plaintiff applied for disability insurance benefits, claiming a disability onset date of May 15, 2011. (AR68-69.) The Social Security Administration denied Plaintiff's application for benefits initially on January 9, 2013, and again upon reconsideration on June 7, 2013. (AR77, 89.) On July 5, 2013, Plaintiff requested a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge ("ALJ"). (AR107-08.)
On September 30, 2014, an ALJ held a hearing where Plaintiff appeared with counsel and testified. (AR40-58.) At the hearing, the ALJ also heard testimony from a vocational expert. (AR58-65.) In a decision dated April 3, 2015, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff had the following severe impairments: lumbar spinal stenosis with radiculopathy, disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, disc protrusion of the cervical spine, cervical central canal narrowing with radiculopathy, left hand carpal tunnel syndrome, obesity, and diabetes mellitus with neuropathy; but concluded that Plaintiff did not have an impairment or combination of impairments that met or equaled a listed impairment. (AR23-25.) The ALJ determined that Plaintiff had the residual functional capacity ("RFC") to perform light work, with the further limitations that the claimant may engage in postural movement occasionally, and may use his hands frequently for fingering, handling, feeling and grasping. (AR25.) Based on this RFC assessment and the testimony from the vocational expert, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff could perform past relevant work as a front desk clerk and a property manager. (AR30.) As a result of these findings, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff was not disabled from May 15, 2011 the alleged onset date, through December 31, 2014, the date last insured. (AR31.)
On May 27, 2015, Plaintiff requested review of the ALJ's decision by the Appeals Council. (AR14, 15.) On August 31, 2016, the Appeals Council denied Plaintiff's request for review, rendering the ALJ's decision final. (AR1-3.)
DISCUSSION
I. The Legal Standard for Determining Disability
"A claimant is disabled under Title II of the Social Security Act if he is unable to `engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or . . . can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.'" Parra v. Astrue, 481 F.3d 742, 746 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(12)(A)). "To determine whether a claimant meets this definition, the ALJ conducts a five-step sequential evaluation." Id.; see C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. The Ninth Circuit has summarized this process as follows:
The burden of proof is on the claimant as to steps one to four. As to step five, the burden shifts to the Commissioner. If a claimant is found to be "disabled" or "not disabled" at any step in the sequence, there is no need to consider subsequent steps. The five steps are:
Step 1. Is the claimant presently working in a substantially gainful activity? If so, then the claimant is "not disabled" within the meaning of the Social Security Act and is not entitled to disability insurance benefits. If the claimant is not working in a substantially gainful activity, then the claimant's case cannot be resolved at step one and the evaluation proceeds to step two. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(b).
Step 2. Is the claimant's impairment severe? If not, then the claimant is "not disabled" and is not entitled to disability insurance benefits. If the claimant's impairment is severe, then the claimant's case cannot be resolved at step two and the evaluation proceeds to step three. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(c).
Step 3. Does the impairment "meet or equal" one of a list of specific impairments described in the regulations? If so, the claimant is "disabled" and therefore entitled to disability insurance benefits. If the claimant's impairment neither meets nor equals one of the impairments listed in the regulations, then the claimant's case cannot be resolved at step three and the evaluation proceeds to step four. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(d).
Step 4. Is the claimant able to do any work that he or she has done in the past? If so, then the claimant is "not disabled" and is not entitled to disability insurance benefits. If the claimant cannot do any work he or she did in the past, then the claimant's case cannot be resolved at step four and the evaluation proceeds to the fifth and final step. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(e).
Step 5. Is the claimant able to do any other work? If not, then the claimant is "disabled" and therefore entitled to disability insurance benefits. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(f)(1). If the claimant is able to do other work, then the Commissioner must establish that there are a significant number of jobs in the national economy that claimant can do. There are two ways for the Commissioner to meet the burden of showing that there is other work in "significant numbers" in the national economy that claimant can do: (1) by the testimony of a vocational expert, or (2) by reference to the Medical-Vocational Guidelines at 20 C.F.R. pt. 404, subpt. P, app. 2. If the Commissioner meets this burden, the claimant is "not disabled" and therefore not entitled to disability insurance benefits. See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(f), 404.1562. If the Commissioner cannot meet this burden, then the claimant is "disabled" and therefore entitled to disability benefits.
Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1098-99 (9th Cir. 1999) (citation omitted); see also 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. As part of step four, the ALJ must determine the claimant's RFC, i.e., the most a claimant can do despite her limitations. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545; Cooper v. Sullivan, 880 F.2d 1152, 1155 n.5 (9th Cir. 1989). "In determining a claimant's RFC, an ALJ must consider all relevant evidence in the record, including, inter alia, medical records, lay evidence, and the effects of symptoms, including pain, that are reasonably attributed to a medically determinable impairment." Robbins v. Social Sec. Admin., 466 F.3d 880, 883 (9th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks omitted).
II. Standards of Review for Social Security Determinations
Unsuccessful applicants for social security disability benefits may seek judicial review of a Commissioner's final decision in a federal district court. See 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). "As with other agency decisions, federal court review of social security determinations is limited." Treichler v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 775 F.3d 1090, 1098 (9th Cir. 2014).
"An ALJ's disability determination should be upheld unless it contains legal error or is not supported by substantial evidence." Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995, 1009 (9th Cir. 2014). "`Substantial evidence means more than a mere scintilla but less than a preponderance; it is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.'" Bray v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 554 F.3d 1219, 1222 (9th Cir. 2009) (quoting Andrews v. Shalala, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039 (9th Cir. 1995)). The district court must consider the record as a whole, weighing both the evidence that supports and the evidence that detracts from the Commissioner's conclusions. Garrison, 759 F.3d at 1009. "`Where the evidence as a whole can support either a grant or a denial, [a court] may not substitute [its] judgment for the ALJ's.'" Bray, 554 F.3d at 1222 (quoting Massachi v. Astrue, 486 F.3d 1149, 1152 (9th Cir. 2007)). "`The ALJ is responsible for determining credibility, resolving conflicts in medical testimony, and for resolving ambiguities.'" Garrison, 759 F.3d at 1010 (quoting Shalala, 53 F.3d at 1039).
In addition, even when the ALJ commits legal error, a reviewing court will uphold the decision where that error is harmless. Treichler, 775 F.3d at 1099; see also Molina v. Astrue, 674 F.3d 1104, 1115 (9th Cir. 2012) ("We have long recognized that harmless error principles apply in the Social Security Act context."). "[A]n ALJ's error is harmless where it is `inconsequential to the ultimate nondisability determination.'" Molina, 674 F.3d at 1115. "`[T]he burden of showing that an error is harmful normally falls upon the party attacking the agency's determination.'" Id. at 1111 (quoting Shinseki v. Sanders, 556 U.S. 396, 409 (2009)).
III. Analysis
In denying Plaintiff's application for disability benefits, the ALJ's analysis proceeded through four of the five steps. At step one, the ALJ determined that as a threshold matter Plaintiff was not working, and thus Plaintiff was not engaged in substantial gainful activity. (AR22.) At step two, the ALJ found that Plaintiff had eight severe impairments: lumbar spinal stenosis with radiculopathy, disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, disc protrusion of the cervical spine, cervical central canal narrowing with radiculopathy, left hand carpal tunnel syndrome, obesity, and diabetes mellitus with neuropathy. (AR23.) At step three, the ALJ found that none of Plaintiff's impairments, independently or in combination, met one of the listed impairments. (AR25.) Next, in order to complete step four, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff's RFC allowed him to perform light work, with occasional postural movement, and frequent use of hands for fingering, handling, feeling and grasping. (Id.) The ALJ based his RFC determination on Plaintiff's symptoms to the extent the symptoms were consistent with the objective medical record. (Id.) Using this RFC, the ALJ concluded that Plaintiff was capable of performing past relevant work as a front desk clerk and property manager. (AR30.) In so finding, the ALJ rejected Plaintiff's alleged disability.
Plaintiff moves for summary judgment on three separate grounds. Specifically, Plaintiff argues: (1) that the ALJ failed to provide a sufficient basis for discrediting Dr. Thomas Golden's medical opinions, (2) that the ALJ improperly found Plaintiff's mental impairments to be not severe, and (3) that the ALJ improperly made an adverse credibility determination against Plaintiff. (Doc. No. 11-1 at 2.) The Court addresses each of these arguments in turn below.
A. Dr. Golden's Opinion
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ improperly discredited the medical opinion of Dr. Golden concerning Plaintiff's disability, and various limitations on lifting weight, standing, sitting, walking, stooping, crouching, reaching, pushing, handling, fingering, and feeling. (Doc. No. 11-1 at 6-12.) Defendant disagrees, arguing that the ALJ properly discredited Dr. Golden's opinion because it was not supported by the record and was contradicted by the findings of Dr. Do and Dr. Lee. (Doc. No. 17-1 at 6-15.) The Court agrees with Defendant; the ALJ properly discredited Dr. Golden's opinion by providing specific and legitimate reasons for so doing.1
Whether an ALJ properly discredited a treating physician's opinion is a question of law. Dominguez v. Colvin, 808 F.3d 403, 405 (9th Cir. 2015) ("The ALJ made a legal error when it rejected the opinions of [claimant's] treating physician without giving sufficient reasons"). The Ninth Circuit distinguishes among three types of physicians: "(1) those who treat the claimant (treating physicians); (2) those who examine but do not treat the claimant (examining physicians); and (3) those who neither examine nor treat the claimant (nonexamining physicians)." Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 830 (9th Cir. 1995), as amended (Apr. 9, 1996); see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1502 (defining treating, examining, and nonexamining sources). Generally, the opinions of treating physicians are given more weight than the opinions of examining physicians, which are in turn given more weight than the opinions of nonexamining physicians. See Benton ex rel. Benton v. Barnhart, 331 F.3d 1030, 1038 (9th Cir. 2003). Treating physicians' opinions, in particular, are given the "greatest weight", and the ALJ must justify a decision to disregard them. Gardner v. Berryhill, 856 F.3d 652, 657 (9th Cir. 2017).
If a treating physician's opinion is not contradicted by another doctor, the ALJ may only disregard the opinion if he justifies that decision with "clear and convincing reasons supported by substantial evidence in the record." Orn v. Astrue, 495 F.3d 625, 632 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Lester, 81 F.3d at 830). Even if a treating physician's opinion is contradicted by another doctor, the ALJ may still only disregard it by providing "`specific and legitimate reasons' supported by substantial evidence in the record." Id. (quoting Murray v. Heckler, 722 F.2d 499, 502 (9th Cir. 1983)). "The ALJ may meet his burden by setting out a detailed and thorough summary of the facts and conflicting clinical evidence, stating his interpretation thereof, and making findings." Id. (quoting Magallanes v. Bowen, 881 F.2d 747, 751 (9th Cir. 1989)). Furthermore, an "ALJ may discredit treating physicians' opinions that are conclusory, brief, and unsupported by the record as a whole, or by objective medical findings." Batson v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1195 (9th Cir. 2004).
Dr. Golden, Plaintiff's treating physician, opined that because of Plaintiff's leg and back problems, a finding of disability was appropriate once Plaintiff's unemployment benefits ran out. (AR270.) Dr. Golden also indicated that Plaintiff should be limited in various types of physical work, like stooping, crouching, or climbing. (AR440.)
In his opinion, the ALJ discredited Dr. Golden's opinions because they were inconsistent with the medical evidence in the record and with the other medical opinions. (AR29.) Specifically, the ALJ looked to Plaintiff's daily activities, his course of treatment, his evaluations, and the opinions of state agency medical consultants Dr. Do and Dr. Lee in determining whether Dr. Golden's opinion was reliable. (AR26-29.) Dr. Do opined Plaintiff could crawl, crouch, kneel, stoop, and climb ramps and stairs frequently, could engage in frequent handling and fingering, and should climb ladders, ropes, and scaffolds only occasionally. (Id.; see also AR73-75.) Dr. Lee reiterated these findings, and only diverged in that he believed Plaintiff should never climb ladders, ropes and scaffolds. (AR85-87.) The ALJ found these opinions consistent with his RFC determination, but not consistent with Dr. Golden's opinion. (AR29.)
The ALJ's reasons for discrediting Dr. Golden are sufficient. Because Dr. Golden's opinion was contradicted by two other doctors, Dr. Do and Dr. Lee, the ALJ need only provide specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting it. Reddick v. Charter, 157 F.3d 715, 725 (9th Cir. 1998). And the ALJ can do this by "setting out a detailed and thorough summary of the facts and conflicting clinical evidence, stating his interpretation thereof, and making findings." Orn, 495 F.2d at 632. That is what the ALJ did here. The ALJ engaged in a thorough examination of the medical evidence, the record, Plaintiff's course of treatment, and Plaintiff's daily activities. (AR26-29.) He then identified the conflicting medical opinions of Dr. Golden and Dr. Do and Dr. Lee, and afforded greater weight to the opinions of Dr. Do and Dr. Lee because they were consistent with the overall record, which showed relatively conservative treatment for Plaintiff's back impairments and no significant limitations in his range of motions. (AR29.) Moreover, the ALJ added that the opinions of Dr. Do and Dr. Lee also mirror the limitations demonstrated in the claimant's daily activities, in which he lives alone, prepares simple meals, shops in stores, and performs household chores. (Id.) As such, the ALJ's ultimate determination as to the conflicting medical opinions was proper. See Garrison, 759 F.3d at 1010 ("The ALJ is responsible for determining credibility [and] resolving conflicts in medical testimony"). Consequently, the Court rejects Plaintiff's argument that the ALJ improperly discredited Dr. Golden's medical opinions.
B. Mental Impairment
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ improperly found that Plaintiff does not have a severe mental impairment despite Plaintiff's depression and alcohol abuse. (Doc. No. 11-1 at 16-17.) Defendant disagrees, arguing that substantial evidence supported the ALJ's finding that Plaintiff did not have a severe mental impairment. (Doc. No. 17-1 at 6-15.) The Court agrees with Defendant; the ALJ properly determined that Plaintiff's depression and history of alcohol abuse were not severe impairments.
If a claimant makes a colorable claim of mental impairment, the ALJ is required to apply a special technique to rate the degree of functional limitations resulting from the mental impairments in four different areas: "activities of daily living; social functioning; concentration, persistence, or pace; and episodes of decompensation." Hoopai v. Astrue, 499 F.3d 1071, 1077 (9th Cir. 2007); see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a(c)(3). Legal error occurs when the ALJ neglects to document his application of the technique or fails to include a specific finding as to the degree of limitation in any of the four functional areas. Keyser v. Commissioner Social Sec. Admin., 648 F.3d 721, 726 (9th Cir. 2011). After rating the degree of limitation in each functional area, the ALJ will determine whether the claimant has a severe mental impairment. Averbach v. Astrue, 731 F.Supp.2d 977, 987 n.4 (C.D. Cal 2010). After the ALJ determines whether the mental impairment is severe, he moves onto the normal RFC determination. Cooper, 880 F.2d at 1155 n.5.
In evaluating Plaintiff's claim that his depression and abuse of alcohol constituted severe mental impairments, the ALJ considered the four broad functional areas set out in 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a(c)(3). (AR23.) First, he found that Plaintiff had mild limitations when it came to activities of daily living, noting that Plaintiff engaged in regular household chores and enjoyed going to movies and softball games. (Id.) Next, he found that Plaintiff had no social functioning limitations, as Plaintiff regularly played card and board games, is able to go to stores and movie theaters, and frequently interacts with his family members. (AR24.) Third, the ALJ found that Plaintiff had no limitations in concentration, persistence, or pace. (Id.) The ALJ pointed to the lack of psychometric tests and mental status evaluation indicating limitations in concentration, persistence, or pace, and also noted that Plaintiff regularly engages in activities like preparing meals, shopping in stores, managing personal finances, and driving, which indicate that he finishes what he starts, can follow written and spoken instructions, and has no problems paying attention. (Id.) Lastly, the ALJ found no episodes of decompensation that have been of extended duration. (Id.) Because Plaintiff's mental impairments caused no more than mild limitations and no episodes of decompensation, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff's mental impairments were non-severe. (Id.; see also 20 C.F.R. 404.1520a(d)(1)).
The ALJ's reasons for determining that Plaintiff's mental impairments were non-severe are sufficient and supported by the record. Because Plaintiff made a colorable claim of mental impairment, the ALJ must document his findings "as to the four functional areas, as required by the plain language of 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a(e)." Keyser, 648 F.3d at 726. This is precisely what the ALJ did here. Relying on evidence from the medical record, Plaintiff's testimony, and the medical opinions of state agency psychological consultants Dr. Hurwitz and Dr. Lee, the ALJ stated his findings in each functional area: daily living, social functioning, concentration, persistence or pace, and episodes of decompensation. (AR23-24.) The ALJ gave his rating for each functional limitation, and stated his reasons and included support in the record. (Id.; see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a(c)(4) ("When we rate your degree of limitation in these areas, we will use the following five-point scale: None, mild, moderate, marked, and extreme.") The ALJ thus met the requirements of 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a "by rating and assessing Plaintiff's limitations in each of these four functional areas." Hoopai, 499 F.3d at 1078.
In the alternative, Plaintiff argues that even if the ALJ did properly find his mental impairments not severe, the ALJ still did not adequately assess Plaintiff's mental limitations when determining Plaintiff's RFC. (Doc. No. 11-1 at 23-25.) The Court does not find this argument persuasive. When determining RFC, the ALJ is required to "consider all of [Plaintiff's] medically determinable impairments of which [he is] aware, including medically determinable impairments that are not `"severe'". 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545. Here, the ALJ reviewed the medical record, relied on physician opinions, and properly found that Plaintiff's mental impairments only posed "mild" or "no" limitations. (AR23-24.) Thus, the ALJ has met his requirement under 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545.
C. Credibility Determination
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ improperly discredited Plaintiff's testimony concerning the severity of his symptoms. (Doc. No. 11-1 at 26.) Specifically, Plaintiff argues that the ALJ disregarded Plaintiff's testimony concerning his restricted abilities in lifting, squatting, bending, standing, reaching, walking, sitting, kneeling, stair-climbing, memory, using hands, and getting along with others. (Id.; see also AR215.) Defendant maintains that ALJ properly considered the evidence available in the medical record, and made a credibility determination that was supported by substantial evidence. (AR19-23.) The Court agrees with Defendant; the ALJ properly made an adverse credibility determination against Plaintiff by permissibly relying on evidence from the record, medical opinions, and Plaintiff's daily activities.
"To determine whether a claimant's testimony regarding subjective pain or symptoms is credible, an ALJ must engage in a two-step analysis." Lingenfelter v. Astrue, 504 F.3d 1028, 1035-1036 (9th Cir. 2007). "First, the ALJ must determine whether the claimant has presented objective medical evidence of an underlying impairment `"which could reasonably be expected to produce the pain or other symptoms alleged." Id. (citing Bunnell v. Sullivan, 947 F.2d 341, 344 (9th Cir.1991) (en banc) (internal quotation marks omitted)). This test requires that the causal relationship between impairment and symptoms be "a reasonable inference, not a medically proven phenomenon." Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1282 (9th Cir. 1996).
If Plaintiff meets this first test, "the ALJ can reject the claimant's testimony about the severity of her symptoms only by offering specific, clear and convincing reasons for doing so." Lingenfelter, 504 F.3d at 1036. "General findings are insufficient; rather, the ALJ must identify what testimony is not credible and what evidence undermines the claimant's complaints." Ghamin v. Colvin, 763 F.3d 1154, 1163 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Lester, 81 F.3d at 834). When assessing credibility, the ALJ may consider a range of factors including "(1) ordinary techniques of credibility evaluation, such as the claimant's reputation for lying, prior inconsistent statements concerning the symptoms, and other testimony by the claimant that appears less than candid; (2) unexplained or inadequately explained failure to seek treatment or to follow a prescribed course of treatment; and (3) the claimant's daily activities." Ghamin, 763 F.3d at 1163 (citing Smolen, 80 F.3d at 1284).
In his opinion, the ALJ found that Plaintiff's medically determinable impairments could reasonably be expected to cause his alleged symptoms. (AR26.) He then relied upon Plaintiff's course of treatment, daily activities, and medical record in finding that Plaintiff's statements about his symptoms were not entirely credible. (AR26-27.) For example, the ALJ observed that Plaintiff's treatment measures for his back predated his disability by one year, and that during that time, he was able to perform work as substantial gainful activity despite his back impairments. (AR27.) In addition, the ALJ pointed to Plaintiff's lack of treatment for his conditions between January 2013 and April 2014, and then his sparse and intermittent treatment thereafter, as being inconsistent with the alleged severity of Plaintiff's impairments.2 (AR27.) The ALJ also observed that Plaintiff's reported daily activities — such as preparing simple meals, shopping in stores, performing household chores, going out to movies and softball games, and overseeing house repairs and maintenance — do not support the level of his alleged physical limitations. (AR27.) Further, the ALJ reviewed Plaintiff's medical record and made findings that suggested Plaintiff's physical limitations were not as severe as alleged, such as significant improvement in Plaintiff's back pain, full strength in his hands, and no evidence of hand numbness, despite this being alleged by Plaintiff. (AR27-28.)
The ALJ's reasons for his adverse credibility determination are sufficient. In order to meet his burden, the ALJ must give "specific, clear and convincing reasons" for finding Plaintiff's testimony not credible. Lingenfelter, 504 F.3d at 1036. This must be done by noting which parts of the testimony were not credible, and which parts of the record undermine them. Ghamin, 763 F.3d at 1163. This is what the ALJ did here. He recorded the relevant parts of Plaintiff's testimony, thoroughly reviewed the record, and documented which parts of the record undermined Plaintiff's statements. (AR26-28.) The ALJ did not make "general findings," 763 F.3d at 1163, but rather specifically showed why he came to his determination by making findings based on Plaintiff's course of treatment, Plaintiff's daily activities, and the medical record. (AR26-28.) Thus, the ALJ has met his requirement for providing specific, clear and convincing reasons.
CONCLUSION
The Court concludes that the ALJ's decision was supported by substantial evidence and was based on proper legal standards. Therefore, the ALJ's disability determination must be upheld. Accordingly, the Court grants the Defendant's cross-motion for summary judgment and denies the Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
