POLSTON, J.
This case is before the Court for review of the decision of the Second District Court of Appeal in City of Tampa v. Companioni, 26 So.3d 598 (Fla. 2d DCA 2009), which is in express and direct conflict with the decisions of the Third District Court of Appeal in State v. Benton, 662 So.2d 1364 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995), and Sears Roebuck & Co. v. Jackson, 433 So.2d 1319 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983), and the Fifth District Court of Appeal in State v. Fritz, 652 So.2d 1243 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995).
The districts conflict over whether a trial court may grant a post-verdict motion for a new trial based on attorney misconduct that occurred during the course of trial, when contemporaneous objections to the misconduct were sustained, but no motion for mistrial was made. As explained below, we hold that when a party objects to instances of attorney misconduct during trial, and the objection is sustained, the party must also timely move for a mistrial in order to preserve the issue for a trial court's review of a motion for a new trial. Therefore, we quash the decision of the Second District in Companioni.
Ramiro Companioni sued the City of Tampa ("City") for injuries he sustained when his motorcycle hit the back of one of the City's trucks. See Companioni, 26 So.3d at 598. Throughout the trial, the City objected to several instances of misconduct by Companioni's counsel, and the trial court sustained the objections. Id. at 599. After the jury found in favor of Companioni and the trial court entered final judgment, the City moved for a new trial, alleging in part that "opposing counsel had engaged in misconduct throughout the trial, the cumulative effect of which was to deprive the City of a fair trial." Id. at 598. The trial court denied the motion, reasoning that although "`the cumulative conduct of Plaintiff's counsel was so pervasive and prejudicial that the City of Tampa's right to a fair trial was impaired' . . . the City had not moved for a mistrial and the misconduct was not so extreme that `it would undermine the public's confidence in the judicial system.'" Id.
The City appealed, raising several issues, and the Second District Court of Appeal reversed. Without reaching the merits of the City's claims, the Second District held that the trial court erred in reviewing the City's motion for fundamental error. Specifically, it explained:
Id. at 599 (citations omitted).
In contrast to the Second District in Companioni, the Third and Fifth Districts have held that in order to preserve the issue for a trial court's review of a motion for new trial, the moving party must first move for a mistrial after his objection is sustained. See, e.g., Benton, 662 So.2d at 1365 ("[D]efendant's failure to request a curative instruction or a mistrial after the court apparently sustained defendant's objection precludes awarding a new trial based on that comment."); Fritz, 652 So.2d at 1244 ("The law is clear that, in order to preserve a claim based on improper prosecutorial conduct, defense counsel must object, and if the objection is sustained he must then request a curative instruction or mistrial; he cannot await the outcome of the trial to seek relief of a new trial."); Sears, 433 So.2d at 1321 (reversing the trial court's grant of a new trial and stating that counsel's remarks were not "so inflammatory as to extinguish the plaintiff's right to a fair trial and to therefore constitute fundamental error [and] so, these remarks cannot be the basis for a new trial, absent, at least . . . a timely motion for mistrial"). Accordingly, Benton, Fritz, and Sears cannot be reconciled with Companioni.
As explained below, we agree with the Third District in Benton and Sears and Fifth District in Fritz to the extent they hold that, in order to preserve a sustained objection for the trial court's consideration of a motion for new trial based on attorney misconduct, the complaining party must timely move for a mistrial.
This Court has previously held that in order to preserve a sustained objection for appellate review, "[u]nless the improper argument constitutes a fundamental error, a motion for a mistrial must be made `at the time the improper comment was made.'" Ed Ricke & Sons, Inc. v. Green, 468 So.2d 908, 910 (Fla.1985) (quoting
In Ed Ricke, we held that when a party moves for a mistrial after his objection is sustained, the party may couple that motion with a request that the trial court defer ruling on it until after the jury returns its verdict. Id. at 911. Key to our decision was our interest in judicial economy. Specifically, we stated:
Id. at 910.
The City argues that Ed Ricke supports its position that a party can move for a new trial without first moving for mistrial. We disagree. Ed Ricke stands for the proposition that a trial judge has a superior vantage point from which to decide whether granting a mistrial prior to the jury rendering its verdict preserves judicial economy. It does not in any way imply that the parties' attorneys have a superior vantage point and can thus utilize the "wait and see" approach. Litigants often engage in improper conduct to prompt a mistrial if they believe their chances of winning are slim. Id. In those cases, judicial economy dictates that if the verdict may cure the objection, then it is in the interest of the court to wait. See id. On the other hand, if the trial is permeated with attorney misconduct, it would not be in the interest of judicial economy to wait and see what a jury decides. Instead, requiring a litigant to move for mistrial following a sustained objection promotes judicial economy in the same way the contemporaneous objection requirement promotes judicial economy. As this Court explained in Murphy, 766 So.2d at 1017 (quoting Castor v. State, 365 So.2d 701, 703 (Fla.1978)),
The principles behind the contemporaneous objection rule apply equally to our
We hold that when a party objects to instances of attorney misconduct during trial, and the objection is sustained, the party must also timely move for a mistrial in order to preserve the issue for a trial court's review of a motion for a new trial. If the issue is not preserved in this manner, then the conduct is subject to fundamental error analysis under this Court's opinion in Murphy, 766 So.2d at 1027-31 (establishing standard for determining whether relief should be granted in civil cases when the error complained of is not preserved for review).
Accordingly, we quash the decision of the Second District in Companioni, and remand to the Second District for consideration of whether the trial court abused its discretion in denying a new trial based on the analysis set forth in Murphy. After conducting this analysis, if the Second District concludes that the City is not entitled to a new trial, then it should consider any other remaining claims not reached, including the City's claim that the verdict was excessive.
It is so ordered.
CANADY, C.J., and PARIENTE, LEWIS, QUINCE, LABARGA, and PERRY, JJ., concur.