SALTER, J.
One 79th Street Estates, Inc., Po Boy Realty Investments, Inc., and their president, Mr. Wilson, appeal a final summary judgment of foreclosure on a commercial mortgage loan for $759,600, documented in June 2006. Because the appellee/lender, American Investment Services (AIS), accepted a very substantial paydown after an initial payment default and acceleration, and because of the conflicting terms of documents offering reinstatement of the mortgage after the entry of an earlier judgment, we reverse the final summary judgment and remand the case for further proceedings.
This was a commercial loan on stationery-store documents that were modified as additional advances occurred. There is nothing inherently wrong with pre-printed notes and mortgages, but in this case the forms omitted certain terms that might have guided the parties and the court after an unusual series of occurrences and problems. Less is not always more.
The first problem was a payment default by the appellants; this gave rise to a foreclosure complaint in 2006. The second problem was AIS's failure to pay for documentary stamp and intangible taxes on the mortgage, and to record it. Notwithstanding the fatal deficiency inherent in AIS's failure to pay the required taxes,
At some point before that sale, the parties entered into a reinstatement and mortgage modification agreement. The April 2007 "Agreement for Reinstatement of Mortgage and to Secure Additional Advances" included (among other terms) a recitation of the loan history, an itemized reinstatement amount of $100,503 (acknowledging receipt of $34,100 paid by the appellants to reduce that arrearage to $66,403), and a postponement of the foreclosure sale for 75 days so that the appellants could pay that balance. Paragraph 6 of the agreement stipulated that "the mortgage note and mortgage are a good and valid mortgage on the subject property and that [the appellants] have no defenses thereto." In June 2007, it is undisputed that the appellants made a further payment of $82,000 to AIS, bringing the total post-judgment payments to $116,100.
AIS later maintained that the payments of $116,100 were insufficient to reinstate the mortgage, but were tendered and accepted only in consideration of AIS's agreement to reschedule foreclosure sale dates. Ultimately, AIS did not reinstate the mortgage, dismiss the foreclosure, or return any of the payments made by the appellants. In December 2007, just before a rescheduled sale, Mr. Wilson filed a petition under Chapter 13 of the United States Bankruptcy Code and the sale was cancelled. During the bankruptcy, Mr. Wilson raised the lender's non-payment of taxes and resulting unenforceability of the mortgage. The bankruptcy court sent the parties back to the circuit court for a resolution of that issue. In June 2008, the trial court vacated the foreclosure judgment and abated the foreclosure lawsuit to permit AIS to pay the documentary stamp and intangible taxes and record the mortgage. AIS then took those steps.
In November 2008, the bankruptcy court dismissed Mr. Wilson's Chapter 13 case. In 2009, AIS resumed its prosecution of the original 2006 foreclosure case and moved again for final summary judgment. The appellants were allowed to amend their affirmative defenses before AIS's motion was heard.
Although the appellants raised a number of affirmative defenses and related issues in Mr. Wilson's affidavit,
When a mortgage is foreclosed, the mortgage is "merged" into the final judgment and loses its separate identity. Nack Holdings, LLC v. Kalb, 13 So.3d 92, 94 n. 2 (Fla. 3d DCA 2009). The "reinstatement" of a mortgage after the entry of a foreclosure judgment is considerably more significant than merely rescheduling a foreclosure sale date. Reinstatement signifies that the mortgage is returned to its pre-default status as an effective instrument, by definition anticipating that any foreclosure judgment is vacated and the lawsuit dismissed.
Rather, the April 2007 reinstatement agreement expressly refers to an opportunity for the mortgagor to "reinstate" the AIS mortgage, to a "cure" of past amounts due, to the addition of the liquor license foreclosure amount "to the amount due under [AIS's] note and mortgage," and to a stipulation that "the mortgage note and mortgage are a good and valid mortgage on the subject property." Each of these terms indicates a withdrawal of acceleration and a return of the mortgage loan to its pre-default, pre-foreclosure status. Coupled with the appellants' undisputed payment of amounts exceeding the specified "arrearage," and AIS's retention of those payments,
Another incongruity in the pleadings, affidavits, and judgment is evident in the interest amounts computed by AIS and included in the summary final judgment. Simple arithmetic discloses that AIS used the default interest rate of 18% per annum versus the "good standing" rate of 16%. If, as the appellants plainly intended, the $116,100 was tendered for "reinstatement," the lower rate would have applied unless and until further (post-reinstatement) defaults arose and were noticed, and until the reinstated loan was again accelerated as a result of any such defaults.
Reviewing this record and all inferences in favor of the appellants as required,
The final summary judgment is reversed and the case is remanded for further proceedings.