ELIZABETH A. KOVACHEVICH, District Judge.
This cause is before the Court on:
Plaintiff/Counter-Defendant Regions Bank and Cross-Defendant Shaw move to strike the jury demand of Counter-Plaintiff/Cross-Plaintiff Kaplan Parties (Kaplan, R1A, TNE, MKI, BNK).
The Kaplan Parties oppose the Motion.
The Court denied the Motion to Dismiss Count XXIII of the Amended Counterclaim/Crossclaim (Dkt. 93). The Court granted the Motion to Dismiss as to Count XXI, Defamation, as to Regions Bank and Shaw, and Count XXII, Invasion of Privacy, as to Regions Bank and Shaw.
Counter-Plaintiff/Cross-Plaintiff Kaplan opened four corporate deposit accounts with Regions. The TNE Account and MKI Account were opened in September, 2011; the BNK Account was opened in October, 2011 and the R1A Account was opened in December, 2011. (Dkt. 190, pars. 17-20). The same Deposit Agreement applies to those accounts. (Dkt. 190, par. 22).
Regions has not produced a signature card for the BNK account, but has produced a ratification. Regions has not produced a signature card for the TNE account, but states it was opened the same day as the MKI account, September 12, 2011 (Dkt. 252).
Defendants/Counter-Plaintiffs/Cross-Plaintiffs have sought leave to reply to the Reply and Declaration of Regions Bank; at this stage, the Court will rely of the allegations of the Second Amended Complaint and the attached Deposit Agreement. The Court therefore will deny the Motion for Leave to File Reply as moot.
Plaintiff/Counter-Defendant Regions and Cross-Defendant Shaw argue that federal law controls the right to a jury trial in federal courts, and the enforcement of contractual waivers, even if state substantive law applies to the dispute.
The Kaplan Parties respond that state law governs whether Counter-Plaintiffs/Cross-Plaintiffs Kaplan Parties waived their right to a jury trial.
The Court will rely on federal law; however, the Court notes that under Florida law, contractual waiver of the right to a jury trial is enforceable and will be upheld.
Plaintiff/Counter-Defendant Regions Bank argues that the provisions of the Deposit Agreement are enforceable even where the customer does not sign the Deposit Agreement; the use of a deposit account, among other acts, constitutes the customer's assent to the Deposit Agreement. (Dkt. 190-1, p. 8, "Acceptance of This Agreement").
Counter-Plaintiffs/Cross-Plaintiffs Kaplan Parties argue that there is no evidence that each party agreed to the jury trial waiver. The Kaplan Parties dispute that they received the Deposit Agreement.
The Deposit Agreement broadly defines "you" and "customer" as any person operating the particular deposit account, and extends the waiver of jury trial in favor of Regions' employees. It is undisputed that Defendant/Counter-Plaintiff/Cross-Plaintiff Kaplan was an owner and managing member of R1A, TNE, MKI and BNK, and each corporate Defendant/Counter-Plaintiff/Cross-Plaintiff used an account at Regions Bank.
A party may validly waive its Seventh Amendment right to a jury trial so long as the waiver is knowing, intelligent and voluntary.
The Deposit Account contains multiple conspicuous statements as to waiver of jury trial. The Court finds the statements to be conspicuous where the statements are in bold-faced type; some statements are in bold-faced capital letters in a separate box. The Deposit Agreement includes detailed terms as to arbitration, but also states in clear and unambiguous language that the waiver of jury trial applies even if the dispute is not determined at arbitration:
(Dkt. 190-1, p. 12). The above statement is not as conspicuous as those set in a separate box, but it is in a separate paragraph and is not hidden in a footnote.
It is undisputed that Defendant/Counter-Plaintiff/Cross-Plaintiff Kaplan is a sophisticated businessman. The terms of the Deposit Agreement are not negotiable, but the Kaplan Parties were not obliged to open accounts at Regions Bank. There is no allegation that the Kaplan Parties were denied an opportunity to consult counsel, if they wished to do so.
After consideration, the Court finds that the waiver of jury trial was knowing and voluntary, and therefore