THOMAS B. SMITH, Magistrate Judge.
This matter is before the Court on Plaintiff Evert Caldwell's Motion to Disqualify Defendants' Counsel. (Doc. 121). Plaintiff asks the Court to disqualify Mark R. Lippman, an attorney admitted to the bar of this Court, from representing Defendants in this action. For the reasons that follow, Plaintiff's motion is
Plaintiff instituted this action in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. His original complaint included 22 separate counts stretched over 466 paragraphs and 77 pages. (Doc. 1). On Defendants' motions, the Nevada court dismissed Plaintiff's complaint, and his amended complaint. (Docs. 15, 16, 40, 44, 59). On February 2, 2014, Plaintiff filed his second amended complaint, which includes claims for fraudulent inducement/concealment; breach of contract; unfair competition under § 43(a) of the Federal Lanham Act, 17 U.S.C. § 1125(a); civil conspiracy; breach of fiduciary duty; breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing; negligence; unjust enrichment; and equitable accounting/disgorgement. (Doc. 61).
Nearly two and a half years into the litigation, Defendants filed a motion to transfer venue from the District of Nevada to the Middle District of Florida. (Doc. 74). They explained that in the process of responding to Plaintiff's discovery requests, they discovered that a contract between Plaintiff and some of the Defendants contained a forum selection clause specifying state and federal courts in Orange County, Florida as the exclusive venue for all disputes arising under the contract. (
Shortly after the case was transferred, Mark R. Lippman appeared as counsel for Defendants and they moved to substitute Mr. Lippman in place of their Nevada attorney, Armand Fried. (Docs. 102, 107). Plaintiff opposed the motion, arguing that there were grounds for Mr. Lippman's disqualification. (Doc. 109). The Court granted the motion, explaining that a motion to substitute counsel was not the appropriate place to litigate the issue of disqualification. (Doc. 110).
On November 25, 2014 Plaintiff moved to disqualify Mr. Lippman. (Doc. 121). As grounds, Plaintiff alleges that Richard Jans, a former attorney who owns Research and Drafting Services LLC, has prepared several documents filed by Defendants' counsel in this case. (
Discussion of a motion by one party to disqualify an attorney for the other must begin with the principle, grounded in the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment, that a party has the right to be represented by counsel of his choice.
But the right to a lawyer of one's choice is not absolute.
Plaintiff argues that disqualification is appropriate because Mr. Lippman's representation of Defendants raises a conflict of interest. (Doc. 121, ¶ 2). A conflict of interest may constitute grounds for disqualifying an attorney, particularly where the party seeking disqualification is a former client of the attorney. "A former client seeking to disqualify an attorney who appears on behalf of his adversary need only show that the matters embraced within the pending suit are substantially related to the matters or cause of action wherein the attorney previously represented him."
Plaintiff was never represented by Mr. Lippman or Mr. Fried and he does not allege that they have obtained his confidential information.
Because litigants ordinarily do not go out of their way to protect the interests of their opponents, courts generally take a skeptical view of such motions. Allowing a non-client to raise conflicts that do not implicate his own interests "would allow [the non-client] to use the conflict rules for his own purposes where a genuine conflict might not really exist."
Plaintiff has not made a showing that would justify disqualification of his opponent's attorney. Plaintiff has not identified with specificity, any conflict between the interests of Mr. Lippman and Defendants. And, the Court cannot say that any potential conflict of interest that might arise from Mr. Lippman's representation of Defendants "would interfere with the orderly administration of justice," or that Mr. Lippman's representation of Defendants constitutes a violation of the ethical conflict of interest rules that would warrant disbarment.
Plaintiff argues that disqualification is also appropriate because Mr. Jans is "a key witness," and his involvement in the representation of Defendants will work to deprive Plaintiff of the opportunity to examine him. (Doc. 121, ¶ 23). Plaintiff's concerns are misplaced. The fact that Mr. Jans may have received privileged communications during this litigation while acting as Mr. Fried's or Mr. Lippman's agent does not prevent Plaintiff from requiring Mr. Jans to testify about nonprivileged matters. Nor is it necessarily a violation of an ethical rule for a person who is likely to be a witness to participate in the representation of a client, so long as that person does not appear as counsel for the client at trial.
Because Plaintiff has failed to show that Mr. Lippman's representation of Defendants will interfere with the orderly administration of justice, result in an impermissible conflict of interest, or preclude the discovery of nonprivileged information from Mr. Jans, the motion to disqualify Mr. Lippman is