DAVID A. BAKER, Magistrate Judge.
The Plaintiff brings this action pursuant to the Social Security Act (the Act), as amended, Title 42 United States Code Section 405(g), to obtain judicial review of a final decision of the Commissioner of the Social Security Administration (the Commissioner) denying her claim for Disability Insurance Benefits (DIB) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits under the Act.
The record has been reviewed, including a transcript of the proceedings before the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ), the exhibits filed and the administrative record, and the pleadings and memoranda submitted by the parties in this case. Oral argument has not been requested.
For the reasons that follow, the decision of the Commissioner is
Plaintiff filed for a period of disability, DIB and SSI benefits on August 3, 2010, alleging an onset of disability on July 1, 2010
Plaintiff was fifty-seven years old on the alleged onset date. R. 56, 188, 195. Plaintiff's date last insured for disability insurance benefits was September 30, 2011. R. 236. Plaintiff had a high school education and attended two years of college. R. 241. She previously worked as a bartender, innkeeper, personal assistant, and childcare attendant. R. 57-60, 84-85, 223.
Plaintiff's medical history is set forth in detail in the ALJ's decision. By way of summary, Plaintiff complained of fibromyalgia, back pain, seizures, COPD, and memory problems. R. 61-62. After reviewing Plaintiff's medical records and Plaintiff's testimony, the ALJ found that Plaintiff suffered from COPD, epilepsy, and fibromyalgia, which were "severe" medically determinable impairments, but were not impairments severe enough to meet or medically equal one of the impairments listed in Appendix 1, Subpart P, Regulations No. 4. R. 32, 34. The ALJ found that Plaintiff's medically determinable mental impairments of anxiety related disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), considered singly and in combination, did not cause more than minimal limitation in her ability to perform basic mental work activities and were not severe. R. 33. The ALJ determined that Plaintiff retained the residual functional capacity (RFC) to perform light work except she was limited to no more than frequently climbing ramps or stairs, balancing, stooping, crouching, kneeling, or crawling; she could not climb ladders, ropes or scaffolds and must avoid even moderate exposure to hazards such as dangerous machinery and heights; and must avoid concentrated exposure to pulmonary irritants such as dust, fumes, gases, and poor ventilation, and should not drive. Based upon Plaintiff's RFC, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff was capable of performing past relevant work as a companion, bartender, and hotel clerk. Accordingly, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff was not under a disability, as defined in the Act, from July 1, 2010 through the date of the decision. R. 42.
Plaintiff now asserts two main points of error. First, she argues that the ALJ erred by finding that her mental impairments were not severe. Second, she claims the ALJ erred by finding she had the RFC to perform sedentary work contrary to treating doctors' statements. For the reasons that follow, the decision of the Commissioner is
The scope of this Court's review is limited to determining whether the ALJ applied the correct legal standards, McRoberts v. Bowen, 841 F.2d 1077, 1080 (11
"If the Commissioner's decision is supported by substantial evidence, this Court must affirm, even if the proof preponderates against it." Phillips v. Barnhart, 357 F.3d 1232, 1240 n. 8 (11th Cir. 2004). "We may not decide facts anew, reweigh the evidence, or substitute our judgment for that of the [Commissioner.]" Id. (internal quotation and citation omitted). Dyer v. Barnhart, 395 F.3d 1206, 1210 (11
The ALJ must follow five steps in evaluating a claim of disability. See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. First, if a claimant is working at a substantial gainful activity, she is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(b). Second, if a claimant does not have any impairment or combination of impairments which significantly limit her physical or mental ability to do basic work activities, then she does not have a severe impairment and is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(c). Third, if a claimant's impairments meet or equal an impairment listed in 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 1, she is disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(d). Fourth, if a claimant's impairments do not prevent her from doing past relevant work, she is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(e). Fifth, if a claimant's impairments (considering her residual functional capacity, age, education, and past work) prevent her from doing other work that exists in the national economy, then she is disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(f).
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred in finding Plaintiff's mental impairments to be non-severe and in omitting mental limitations from the RFC assessment. She argues that several physicians' opinions supported significant mental limitations, and the ALJ erred by not including these mental limitations in any of her findings — limitations such as moderate difficulties in functioning, agoraphobia, panic, anxiety, tremors, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, dizziness, and depression. R. 32-33.
The ALJ determined Plaintiff's mental impairments considered singly and in combination did not cause more than minimal limitations in Plaintiff's ability to perform basic mental work activities and were therefor not severe, thus, she could do her past relevant work and was not disabled. R. 32-33, 41-42. The Commissioner argues that substantial evidence supports the ALJ's finding that Plaintiff's mental impairments were not severe. The ALJ based her opinion on the consultative examination report and opinion from Dr. Kirmani, the opinion of the state agency psychological expert, Plaintiff's daily activities, and Plaintiff's generally benign findings on examination. R. 32-33, 37, 39.
At Step 2 of the five-step evaluation process, the ALJ is called upon to determine whether a claimant's impairments are severe. By definition, this inquiry is a "threshold" inquiry. It allows only claims based on the most trivial impairments to be rejected. In this Circuit, an impairment is not severe only if the abnormality is so slight and its effect so minimal that it would clearly not be expected to interfere with the individual's ability to work, irrespective of age, education, or work experience. A claimant need show only that her impairment is not so slight and its effect not so minimal. McDaniel v. Bowen, 800 F.2d 1026, 1031 (11th Cir. 1986).
The ALJ found that Plaintiff's mental impairments of anxiety related disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) did not cause more than minimal limitation on her ability to perform basic mental work activities and was therefore non-severe. R. 32. The ALJ explained:
R. 32-33
Plaintiff argues that several of her mental health providers opined she had certain impairments which support significant mental limitations, but the ALJ did not include these limitations in any of her findings. Plaintiff argues that the ALJ did not apply the correct legal standard requiring the ALJ to state what weight she gave the mental impairment opinions of several treating physicians, and the ALJ failed to account for these opinions in her findings.
Residual functional capacity is an assessment based on all relevant evidence of a claimant's remaining ability to do work despite her impairments. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545(a); Lewis v. Callahan, 125 F.3d 1436,1440 (11th Cir. 1997). The focus of this assessment is on the doctor's evaluation of the claimant's condition and the medical consequences thereof. Id. Substantial weight must be given to the opinion, diagnosis and medical evidence of a treating physician unless there is good cause to do otherwise. See Lewis v. Callaghan, 125 F.3d 1436, 1440 (11th Cir. 1997); Edwards v. Sullivan, 937 F.2d 580, 583 (11th Cir. 1991); 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d). If a treating physician's opinion on the nature and severity of a claimant's impairments is well-supported by medically acceptable clinical and laboratory diagnostic techniques, and is not inconsistent with the other substantial evidence in the record, the ALJ must give it controlling weight. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2). The ALJ may discount a treating physician's opinion or report regarding an inability to work if it is unsupported by objective medical evidence or is wholly conclusory. See Edwards, 937 F.2d 580 (ALJ properly discounted treating physician's report where the physician was unsure of the accuracy of his findings and statements).
Where a treating physician has merely made conclusory statements, the ALJ may afford them such weight as is supported by clinical or laboratory findings and other consistent evidence of a claimant's impairments. See Wheeler v. Heckler, 784 F.2d 1073, 1075 (11th Cir. 1986); see also Schnor v. Bowen, 816 F.2d 578, 582 (11th Cir. 1987). When a treating physician's opinion does not warrant controlling weight, the ALJ must nevertheless weigh the medical opinion based on the 1) length of the treatment relationship and the frequency of examination; 2) the nature and extent of the treatment relationship; 3) the medical evidence supporting the opinion; 4) consistency with the record as a whole; 5) specialization in the medical issues at issue; 6) other factors which tend to support or contradict the opinion. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d). However, a treating physician's opinion is generally entitled to more weight than a consulting physician's opinion. See Wilson v. Heckler, 734 F.2d 513, 518 (11th Cir. 1984); see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(2).
The Eleventh Circuit, in Winschel v. Commissioner of Social Security, 631 F.3d 1176, 1178-79 (11th Cir. Jan. 24, 2011), held that whenever a physician offers a statement reflecting judgments about the nature and severity of a claimant's impairments, including symptoms, diagnosis, and prognosis, what the claimant can still do despite his or her impairments, and the claimant's physical and mental restrictions, the statement is an opinion requiring the ALJ to state with particularity the weight given to it and the reasons therefor. Id. (citing 20 CRF §§ 404.1527(a)(2), 416.927(a)(2); Sharfarz v. Bowen, 825 F.2d 278, 279 (11th Cir. 1986)).
Plaintiff points to the records of Drs. Pillappa, Thebaud, Romain, and Hunt as supporting her mental limitations. She argues that the ALJ failed to state "with particularity" what weight she gave to the opinions of Drs. Pillappa, Thebaud, Romain, and did not specifically accept or reject them, but merely mentioned these opinions in passing when summarizing the evidence of record thus, she did not comply with Winschel. Plaintiff further argues that the ALJ failed to establish "good cause" for rejecting the opinion of Dr. Hunt, Plaintiff's treating physician, who treated Plaintiff from 2007 to 2011. The Commissioner argues that the ALJ provided substantial evidence supporting her
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ failed to adequately address the opinion of Dr. Pillappa, who Plaintiff asserts "diagnosed" her with chronic PTSD (R. 481-508), depression and difficulty leaving her house, in addition to cervicalgia, tremors, and dizziness
R. 38-39 (emphasis added). It is clear that Dr. Pillappa, who was not a specialist in psychology or psychiatry as Plaintiff's primary care physician, did not actually "diagnose" Plaintiff's PTSD herself, but instead (in December 2011) listed Plaintiff's reported history of diagnosis of PTSD as "uncontrolled" and noted "patient to call to psychiatrist and therapist." R. 484. Dr. Pillappa noted in the "History of Present Illness" section:
R. 486. In the context of the treatment notes above, it is clear that Dr. Pillappa does not make the PTSD diagnosis of Plaintiff's condition, but was recording Plaintiff's report that Dr. Hunt (whom she had seen for three years) had diagnosed Plaintiff with PTSD. R. 486. The ALJ did not err by omitting a discussion the weight she gave Dr. Pillappa's "diagnosis" of PTSD, since she did not diagnose Plaintiff with that condition but was merely noting Plaintiff's reported diagnosis as part of her reported history with Dr. Hunt.
Plaintiff also argues that the ALJ erred in failing to state "with particularity" what weight she gave to the opinion of the diagnosis of Dr. Thebaud from Family Psychiatric Services. Plaintiff stated at the hearing on February 1, 2012 that she had just recently started treatment with the office of psychiatrist Dr. Thebaud on December 29, 2011
The ALJ did discuss the psychiatric evaluation of Plaintiff by Dr. Thebaud's office:
The ALJ also discussed the findings of the consultative psychiatric examiner, Dr. Kirmani:
R. 38. The ALJ ended up giving great weight to Dr. Kirmani's opinion because his findings were based on his examination, consistent with the other evidence of record. R. 39. Dr. Kirmani's opinion in the October 2010 examination report was:
R. 416. The ALJ did discuss the examination and treatment notes of Dr. Pillappa, who was a primary care doctor treating her for her physical impairments, and did not diagnose Plaintiff with a mental condition, but referred her to "psychiatrist or therapist" for mental health treatment. R. 484. The ALJ also appropriately discussed the treatment notes from Dr. Thebaud, who saw Plaintiff only once; the notes of the nurse practitioner's mental status examination "were largely unremarkable, other than an anxious mood." R. 38. The ALJ clearly did not err in failing to discuss Dr. Romain's notes since they were not part of the Record when she made the decision.
Like Dr. Pillappa, Dr. Hunt is also a primary care physician and is not a specialist in psychiatry or psychology. He treated Plaintiff from 2007 to 2011, and opined in August 2010 that Plaintiff had a seizure disorder with grand mal seizures that occurred at least three times in the last month. R. 369, 383-91, 409-10, 438-70. Plaintiff contends that Dr. Hunt opined that she "suffer[ed] from a mental impairment that significantly interferes with daily functioning," but, as Plaintiff acknowledges, Dr. Hunt had not referred her to formal psychological/psychiatric treatment, although he had prescribed medications. R. 412.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ should have credited Dr. Hunt's opinion that Plaintiff was "unable to work" (R. 442) in his November 18, 2010 Physical Residual Functional Capacity Questionnaire, with his diagnosis of seizures, severe anxiety disorder, COPD, and chronic back pain; he opined that her depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorder affected her physical condition; and her experience of pain or other symptoms was severe enough to frequently interfere with attention and concentration needed to perform even simple work tasks
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ did not establish good cause for giving Dr. Hunt's opinion little weight. R. 38. In discussing Dr. Hunt's treatment of Plaintiff for her physical impairments, the ALJ found:
R. 39, 40.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ did not actually cite any piece of evidence or explain any inconsistencies and only alleged good cause without actually establishing it as required by Eleventh Circuit case law, citing Phillips v. Barnhart, 357 F.3d 1232, 1240 (11th Cir. 2003). She also argues that the ALJ failed to mention evidence that supported Dr. Hunt's opinion, namely the opinions of Drs. Pillappa, Thebaud, and Romain, which was supported by his own records of Plaintiff's headaches, nervousness, PTSD, seizures, feeling weak, not feeling well, not sleeping enough, and needing Xanax and Valium medications. R. 369, 383-98, 438-70. As discussed above, the ALJ properly discussed the treatment notes of Dr. Pillappa and Dr. Thebaud, and did not have before her the treatment notes or opinion of Dr. Romain. The treatment notes of these three doctors did not support the severity of the mental limitations that Dr. Hunt opined existed.
As to the ALJ's discounting of Dr. Hunt's opinion based on his own treatment records, the ALJ's discussion of the severity of Plaintiff's mental impairment symptoms was completely subjective, as reported to Dr. Hunt, and the ALJ essentially made a credibility determination of Plaintiff's statements regarding her impairments.
In considering a Plaintiff's subjective complaints, the ALJ must consider all of a claimant's statements about her symptoms, including pain, and determine the extent to which the symptoms can reasonably be accepted as consistent with the objective medical evidence. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1528. In determining whether the medical signs and laboratory findings show medical impairments which reasonably could be expected to produce the symptoms alleged, the ALJ must apply the Eleventh Circuit's three-part standard which requires: (1) evidence of an underlying medical condition and either (2) objective medical evidence that confirms the severity of the alleged symptoms arising from that condition or (3) that the objectively determined medical condition is of such a severity that it can be reasonably expected to give rise to the alleged symptoms. Foote, 67 F.3d at 1560 (quoting Holt v. Sullivan, 921 F.2d 1221, 1223 (11th Cir. 1991).
In this case, the ALJ found:
R. 37-38.
When an ALJ decides not to credit a claimant's testimony about pain, the ALJ must articulate specific and adequate reasons for doing so, or the record must be obvious as to the credibility finding. Jones v. Department of Health and Human Services, 941 F.2d 1529, 1532 (11th Cir. 1991) (articulated reasons must be based on substantial evidence). A reviewing court will not disturb a clearly articulated credibility finding with substantial supporting evidence in the record. As a matter of law, the failure to articulate the reasons for discrediting subjective pain testimony requires that the testimony be accepted as true. Foote, 67 F.3d at 1561-62; Cannon v. Bowen, 858 F.2d 1541, 1545 (11th Cir. 1988).
Here, the ALJ cited specific evidence of Plaintiff's activities of daily living in support of the finding that she had no limitations in that area or in social functioning: she no problems with personal care, could prepare meals, do light chores, and shop; she visited with family and friends and was able to host a weekly Bible study. R. 33, 73, 256-59, 284, 417-18. The ALJ also noted Plaintiff had generally normal findings on mental status examinations and only mild limitations in concentration. R. 33, 374, 395-96, 492, 516. The ALJ based her credibility determination on inconsistencies between Plaintiff's allegations, her activities of daily living, her representations concerning her actual impairments (and lack of the treatment by the neurologist for fibromyalgia), as well as other evidence of record. Accordingly, the ALJ's treatment of Dr. Hunt's opinion on the severity of Plaintiff's mental impairments was based on substantial evidence in the record.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred in according "great weight" to the opinion of the non-examining state agency psychological consultant because it was inconsistent with the "opinions" of Drs. Hunt, Pillappa, Thebaud, and Romain. Given the disposition on Plaintiff's other points, and the Court's finding that the ALJ's opinion was based on substantial evidence concerning Plaintiff's mental impairments, the ALJ's decision to give the opinion of the state agency reviewing physician great weight was also not in error.
For the reasons set forth above, the ALJ's decision is consistent with the requirements of law and is supported by substantial evidence. Accordingly, the Court