JOHN E. STEELE, Senior District Judge.
This matter comes before the Court on plaintiff's Motion to Strike Defendant's Affirmative Defenses (Doc. #18) filed on June 12, 2017. Defendant filed a Response in Opposition (Doc. #24) on July 14, 2017. Defendant asserts ten defenses to the claims set forth in the Complaint, but only six are at issue here.
In 2005, plaintiff Kevin Johnson obtained a home mortgage loan from Countrywide Home Loans, Inc., and fell behind on payments beginning in 2013. In 2013, plaintiff filed a petition for relief under Chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code. He subsequently received a discharge pursuant to Section 727 of the Bankruptcy Code, which included the home mortgage loan.
Following plaintiff's discharge from bankruptcy, Nationwide
The Federal Rules require defendants to "affirmatively state any avoidance or affirmative defense." Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(c). "An affirmative defense is generally a defense that, if established, requires judgment for the defendant even if the plaintiff can prove his case by a preponderance of the evidence."
As this Court recently discussed in some detail, affirmative defenses must comply with two separate pleading requirements. First, the defense, as plead, must contain "some facts establishing a nexus between the elements of an affirmative defense and the allegations in the complaint," so as to provide the plaintiff fair notice of the grounds upon which the defense rests.
Second, a defendant must avoid pleading shotgun affirmative defenses, viz., "affirmative defenses [that] address[] the complaint as a whole, as if each count was like every other count."
In the First and Fourth Affirmative Defenses, defendant refers to its right under the mortgage at issue to enforce its security interest through an in rem foreclosure action and states that Nationwide did not seek to collect a debt personally from plaintiff. The defenses otherwise state that Nationstar's conduct was in conformity with applicable laws and regulations. Plaintiff moves to strike the defense on the ground that it is a merely a denial of plaintiff's allegations, not a proper affirmative defense.
The Court finds that the affirmative defenses are sufficiently pled. Under 11 U.S.C. § 524(j), a creditor may seek "periodic payments associated with a valid security interest in lieu of pursuit of in rem relief to enforce the lien." § 524(j)(3). The defenses put plaintiff on notice that defendant will be raising the issue of its good faith belief that it was not violating the FDCPA and FCCPA and was merely asserting its available rights.
In the Second Affirmative Defense, defendant alleges that the Informational Statement sent by Nationstar to plaintiff would inform even the "least sophisticated consumer that Nationstar was not attempting to collect, assess, or recover a discharged debt individually from plaintiff," citing
The Court finds that the Second Affirmative Defense is sufficiently pled as it sets forth facts that have a direct relationship between the defense and the facts alleged in the Complaint to put plaintiff on notice of Nationstar's defenses.
Defendant's Fifth and Sixth Affirmative Defenses allege that Nationstar was not attempting to collect on a debt that had been discharged in bankruptcy because a deficiency balance had not been determined prior to the time of the Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Plaintiff argues that these defenses fail as a matter of law because in a no-asset Chapter 7 bankruptcy, the debt would have been discharged so long as the creditor received notice of the bankruptcy filing. Defendant believes this is an argument more appropriately raised in a motion for summary judgment and that the defenses adequately allege sufficient facts to rebut the allegations in the Complaint.
The Court finds that the Fifth and Sixth Affirmative Defenses are sufficiently pled as they sets forth facts that have a direct relationship between the defense and the allegations in the Complaint. Although the parties dispute whether the debt was discharged, the affirmative defenses state a sufficient nexus with the facts in the case, which if true, could require judgment for defendant.
Nationstar's Eighth Affirmative Defense asserts that plaintiff's Complaint is barred because any efforts to collect on plaintiff's mortgage loan is a direct result of plaintiff's failure to pay his mortgage and therefore is not a violation of the FDCPA and the FCCPA. Plaintiff argues that the defense should be stricken because "unclean hands" if not a defense to a cause of action under the FDCPA or the FCCPA. Defendant responds that the defense is an avoidance of plaintiff's allegations that Nationstar improperly sought to collect a debt by enforcing is valid security interest in rem and that its efforts in doing so were not in violation of the Acts. Yet this is not what the Eighth Affirmative Defense states and the FDCPA and FCCPA otherwise allow for a cause of action even if the debtor fails to make payments. "The FDCPA is a consumer protection statute that imposes open-ended prohibitions on, inter alia, false, deceptive, or unfair debt-collection practices," equipping debtors with a private right of action against debt collectors.
Accordingly, it is hereby
Plaintiff's Motion to Strike Defendant's Affirmative Defenses (Doc. #18) is