JOHN E. STEELE, District Judge.
This matter comes before the Court on Defendant's Motion to Dismiss, or Alternatively, Motion for a More Definite Statement (Doc. #10) filed on May 23, 2018. Plaintiff filed a Response in Opposition (Doc. #11) on May 25, 2018. For the reasons set forth below, the Motion is denied.
Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2), a Complaint must contain a "short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief." Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). This obligation "requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause of action will not do."
In deciding a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss, the Court must accept all factual allegations in a complaint as true and take them in the light most favorable to plaintiff,
Plaintiff Dustin Worth (plaintiff or "Worth") initiated this action by filing a three-count Complaint (Doc. #1) against his former employer, the City of Sanibel, Florida (defendant or "the City"), alleging retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (
The following events led to Worth's separation of employment: On June 8, 2016, a subordinate officer of plaintiff filed a complaint of sexual harassment against another coworker. (Doc. #1, ¶ 12.) The City interrogated Worth as part of its investigation into the matter. In his interrogation, plaintiff opposed the sexual harassment that his female subordinate experienced, and alleged that defendant was attempting to cover up the activity. (
On October 20, 2016, plaintiff took 12 weeks of approved FMLA leave. (Doc. #1, ¶ 16.) On October 26, 2016, defendant concluded its investigation and found no wrongdoing by any officer except for Worth because of his failure to report the sexual harassment. (
Around May 9, 2017, defendant began another internal affairs investigation against plaintiff. (Doc. #1, ¶ 20.) On May 16, 2017, plaintiff filed a Charge of Discrimination with both the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the Florida Commission on Human Relations (FCHR), due to ongoing retaliation. (Doc. #11-1.) Plaintiff alleges that the City's internal affairs investigation ultimately caused his separation from employment on June 28, 2017. (Doc. #1, ¶ 20.) Plaintiff received a Notice of Right to Sue from the EEOC (Doc. #1-1) on January 29, 2018. (Doc. #1, ¶ 8.) He filed this lawsuit on April 19, 2018. (Doc. #1.)
Defendant first argues that the Title VII (Count I) and FCRA (Count II) claims are due to be dismissed because plaintiff failed to exhaust administrative remedies. (Doc. #10, p. 2.) Second, defendant argues that the retaliation claims are "predicated upon an alleged change in work schedule" which "do not constitute an adverse employment action." (
Worth filed his Charge of Discrimination on May 19, 2017 (without any subsequent amendments), prior to his separation from employment. Defendant argues that plaintiff's separation from employment is "a discrete act of retaliation which must be addressed in [an additional] charge of discrimination", which Worth never filed. (Doc. #10, p. 2.)
"The purpose of exhaustion is to permit the [administrative agency] the first opportunity to investigate the alleged discriminatory or retaliatory practices."
The City argues that plaintiff's termination was a "discrete act" of retaliation that must be raised in a new Charge, but based on the facts of this case, a new charge after his termination was not required. Plaintiff filed a Charge of Discrimination on May 16, 2017, asserting ongoing retaliatory conduct by defendant. (Doc. #11-1.) The City terminated plaintiff while the EEOC's investigation was pending and before the EEOC issued a right-to-sue letter. The termination is not a separate act that requires a new EEOC Charge; rather, it grows out of or is the culmination of the alleged ongoing efforts of the City. "The purpose of this exhaustion requirement is that the [EEOC] should have the first opportunity to investigate the alleged discriminatory practices to permit it to perform its role in obtaining voluntary compliance and promoting conciliation efforts."
Defendant next argues that plaintiff's Title VII, FCRA, and FMLA retaliation claims fail because altering Worth's shift schedule does not qualify as a material adverse employment action. (Doc. #10, p. 4.) Plaintiff responds that he alleges more than adverse shift changes, including termination, which is an adverse employment action. The Court agrees.
In order to state a prima facie claim of retaliation under Title VII, the FCRA,
Here, defendant argues that plaintiff was not subjected to an adverse employment action because the Complaint contains no allegations that plaintiff's shift change resulted in a reduction in pay, hours, or benefits. (Doc. #10, p. 5.) Even so, plaintiff alleges that he was separated from employment, which constitutes an adverse employment action.
Defendant alternatively moves for a more definite statement pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(e), arguing that the Complaint "omits critical facts" regarding the internal affairs investigation, its conclusions, and the nature of plaintiff's separation from employment. (Doc. #10, p. 5.) "A party may move for a more definite statement of a pleading to which a responsive pleading is allowed but which is so vague or ambiguous that the party cannot reasonably prepare a response." Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(e).
Here, plaintiff's Complaint is not so vague or ambiguous that defendant cannot reasonably prepare a response. Plaintiff has sufficiently alleged ongoing retaliation that ultimately culminated in his separation from employment. Thus, defendant's request for a more definite statement is denied.
Accordingly, it is now
Defendant's Motion to Dismiss, or Alternatively, Motion for a More Definite Statement (Doc. #10) is