BLACKWELL, Justice.
This case concerns title to a small parcel of commercial property in Fulton County. Nathaniel and Lucy Boyd once owned the property, but according to the tax commissioner, they failed to pay their taxes,
In the meantime, the Boyds had made efforts to redeem the property.
In 2005, the Boyds sued JohnGalt for trespass and ejectment, contending that they had redeemed the property. JohnGalt promptly answered the suit, but it did not then assert a counterclaim to quiet title. About three years later, JohnGalt sought leave to amend its pleadings and assert such a counterclaim, and the trial court gave it leave to do so. Upon the assertion of the counterclaim to quiet title, the trial court appointed a special master. The Boyds then filed a motion to dismiss the counterclaim, and JohnGalt filed a motion for summary judgment on the counterclaim. In 2009, the special master made his report, concluding that JohnGalt had good title to the property by virtue of its foreclosure of the right of redemption. The trial court adopted the report of the special master and entered a judgment that quieted title in favor of JohnGalt. From that judgment, the Boyds appeal, asserting several claims of error.
1. First, the Boyds contend that the trial court abused its discretion when it allowed JohnGalt to assert its counterclaim to quiet title three years after its original responsive pleading was filed. "When a pleader fails to set up a counterclaim through oversight, inadvertence, or excusable neglect, or when justice requires, he may by leave of court set up the counterclaim by amendment." OCGA § 9-11-13(f). JohnGalt has never argued "oversight, inadvertence, or excusable neglect." But "when justice requires" "furnishes an independent ground for setting up an omitted counterclaim. Thus, a trial court should grant leave to set up an omitted counterclaim `when justice ... requires' even though the other grounds, `oversight, inadvertence, or excusable neglect' are not present." White v. Fidelity Nat. Bank, 188 Ga.App. 539, 540(1), 373 S.E.2d 640 (1988) (citation omitted). See also McKesson HBOC v. Adler, 254 Ga.App. 500, 505(4), 562 S.E.2d 809 (2002). "The determination of whether justice requires the grant of leave to set up an omitted counterclaim is a matter which addresses itself to the sound discretion of the trial court." Hampton Island v. Asset Holding Co. 5, 320 Ga.App. 880, 884(2), 740 S.E.2d 859 (2013) (citation and punctuation omitted). Moreover, because the failure to plead a compulsory counterclaim can result in loss of that counterclaim forever, the courts generally should be forgiving when leave is sought to add compulsory counterclaims, at least so long as the plaintiff makes no showing of prejudice. Williams v. Buckley, 148 Ga.App. 778, 779(1), 252 S.E.2d 692 (1979); Kitchens v. Lowe, 139 Ga.App. 526, 527-528(1), 228 S.E.2d 923 (1976). See also 6 Wright, Miller, Kane, Marcus & Steinman, FEDERAL PRACTICE & PROCEDURE § 1430 (3d ed.).
As the Boyds concede, the counterclaim of JohnGalt to quiet title is a compulsory counterclaim in this case. See OCGA § 9-11-13(a). And title to the property always has been an important issue in this case, insofar as the issue was presented squarely by the
2. The Boyds complain that the trial court appointed a special master and required the parties to appear before him "for all further proceedings," without prior notice or opportunity to be heard. But the appointment of a special master was mandatory, and notice and a hearing were therefore unnecessary, because OCGA § 23-3-43 says that where, as here, the plaintiff in a conventional quiet title action requests a special master, "the court, upon receipt of the complaint, shall submit the same to a special master...." (Emphasis supplied.) See also Stephens v. Dept. of Transp., 170 Ga.App. 784, 786(1), 318 S.E.2d 167 (1984) (statute providing that the superior court "shall make an order requiring" appearance "at a hearing before a special master" means that upon invocation of the statute, "[t]he superior court's ex parte appointment of a special master is required") (emphasis in original). As to the authority of the special master, OCGA § 23-3-66 provides in pertinent part that
So, the special master is authorized to handle every aspect of the quiet title claim. The trial court surely had this in mind when it required the parties to appear before the special master "for all further proceedings." And the special master understood that his jurisdiction was limited to the quiet title counterclaim, as he said in his report that "the only matter before the Special Master is JohnGalt's Counterclaim for Quiet Title as to the Boyds." Consequently, we see no error in the trial court's order appointing a special master.
3. After his appointment, the special master entered a scheduling order that included a deadline for any motions to disqualify. The Boyds claim that this order
4. The Boyds assert that the special master failed to apply the correct legal standard to JohnGalt's motion for summary judgment. Instead, the Boyds argue, the special master invaded the province of the factfinder by determining the credibility of witnesses whom he never saw testify, deciding disputed issues of fact, and making findings of fact in his report. But "[o]n appeal from the grant of summary judgment[,] this Court conducts a de novo review of the evidence to determine whether there is a genuine issue of material fact and whether the undisputed facts, viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, warrant judgment as a matter of law." Chester v. Smith, 285 Ga. 401, 401, 677 S.E.2d 128 (2009) (citations and punctuation omitted). This "standard advances judicial economy by recognizing that, in summary judgment cases, the factual record is set and the appellate courts can, as well as the trial courts," apply the law to those facts. City of Gainesville v. Dodd, 275 Ga. 834, 838, 573 S.E.2d 369 (2002). So, whether or not the special master improperly determined the credibility of witnesses and resolved disputed issues of fact, we can and will now proceed to independently examine the factual record and apply the law to determine whether there are any genuine issues of material fact and whether JohnGalt was indeed entitled to judgment as a matter of law.
5. (a) The special master found that the Boyds did not timely press a rescission of their agreement with JohnGalt. In order to effect a rescission, one must act promptly and adhere to the intent to rescind — without taking some action inconsistent with that intent — or risk waiver of the right to rescind. See Conway v. Romarion, 252 Ga.App. 528, 530-531(1), 557 S.E.2d 54 (2001). Here, the Boyds asserted a clear intent to rescind by a letter dated June 17, 2004, almost immediately after they received notice of their alleged breach of the John Galt agreement.
(c) The Boyds further complain of the special master's conclusion that the terms of the JohnGalt agreement were "tantamount to waivers of any alleged irregularities related to the processes that came before the [JohnGalt] Agreement (i.e., levy, execution, transfers of the Tax Deed, service of the notice of foreclosure of the right of redemption, etc.)."
(d) The Boyds contend that before they signed the JohnGalt agreement, they had already paid Southeast Diversified more than the amount required under the redemption statutes and, therefore, had redeemed the property as a matter of law. But when an interest in the property was conveyed to Southeast Diversified in September 1999, Southeast Diversified executed the promissory note and security deed that were eventually assigned to JohnGalt. Under OCGA § 48-4-42, the amounts required for redemption must be paid "to the purchaser at the tax sale or to the purchaser's successors." "This purpose is defeated if payment is made to just anyone in the chain, for the owner at the time is alone entitled." Herrington v. Old South Investment Co., 222 Ga. 428, 150 S.E.2d 623 (1966). At the time of the Boyds' payments to Southeast Diversified, the grantee of the security deed and its successors held legal title to the property and would be deprived of their security if the amounts paid to their grantor, Southeast Diversified, were deemed proper payment of the redemption amount. See id. For this reason, the Boyds cannot be considered to have redeemed the property by the payments they made to Southeast Diversified. Moreover, assuming that the Boyds could have properly paid the redemption amount to Southeast Diversified, the Southeast Diversified agreement would have superseded their statutory rights of redemption. And even if JohnGalt were initially bound by the Southeast Diversified agreement and required to accept payments from the Boyds under that agreement, the parties substituted the JohnGalt agreement for the Southeast Diversified agreement, as they were free to do.
(e) Accordingly, the Boyds have failed to demonstrate that there was a genuine issue of material fact as to JohnGalt's quiet title counterclaim, and we conclude that summary judgment in favor of JohnGalt was warranted. See Ritchie v. Metro Tax Investors, 280 Ga. 79, 81, 623 S.E.2d 498 (2005).
7. The Boyds next claim that the special master erred when he awarded and allocated his own fees, and the trial court erred, they contend, when it accepted and approved that compensation without notice or a hearing. The Boyds were ordered to pay 25% of $18,700 in fees. OCGA § 23-3-68 requires the court to fix a reasonable compensation to be paid to the special master and to be taxed in the court's discretion as part of the costs. The statute neither requires a hearing nor prohibits allocation of the fees. Because "the reasonableness of fees and costs is a matter within the trial court's discretion, the appellate court will not interfere with the decision of the trial court unless there has been an abuse of that discretion." Simmons v. Community Renewal & Redemption, 286 Ga. 6, 9(4), 685 S.E.2d 75 (2009) (citation omitted). As with similar equitable provisions of the law, this discretion reaches to a decision to apportion costs between the parties. See Lowe v. Byrd, 148 Ga. 388, 393(5), 96 S.E. 1001 (1918). And although the allocation of costs is not controlled by which party prevails, see id., the fact that the Boyds did not prevail on the quiet title counterclaim supports the court's exercise of discretion to apportion to them at least part of the special master's fees. See Brown v. Parks, 190 Ga. 540, 549(8), 9 S.E.2d 897 (1940). Cf. Hamilton v. Du Pre, 103 Ga. 795, 30 S.E. 248 (1898) (cited by the Boyds and distinguished by Lowe, 148 Ga. at 393(5), 96 S.E. 1001 and by Edwards v. United Food Brokers, 196 Ga. 241, 251-252(2), 26 S.E.2d 348 (1943) as an isolated instance where division of expenses was an abuse of discretion because the appellant was wholly blameless and because of other extreme facts). Accordingly, the Boyds have failed to show an abuse of discretion, and the award of compensation to the special master will not be disturbed. See Simmons, 286 Ga. at 9(4), 685 S.E.2d 75.
8. Last, the Boyds contend that the trial court erred when it granted a temporary restraining order (TRO). This contention is "moot, however, because the TRO [was] superseded by [an] interlocutory injunction, [R. 531, 764] and the [Boyds] do not argue that any alleged error in entering the TRO somehow infected the interlocutory injunction...." Pittman v. State, 288 Ga. 589, 591(1), 706 S.E.2d 398 (2011).
Judgment affirmed.
All the Justices concur.