HUGH LAWSON, Senior District Judge.
Before the Court is Defendant Qianglong Furniture Co., Ltd.'s ("Qianglong") Motion to Dismiss (Doc. 15). Qianglong moves to dismiss Plaintiff's claims for failure to serve the Chinese corporation before the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. For the reasons set forth below, the Court
Plaintiff Ronald Castleberry filed this personal injury and products liability action against Defendants Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. ("Winn-Dixie"), Office Depot, Inc. ("Office Depot") and Qianglong as Civil Action File No. 2006-CCV-1777 in the Superior Court of Lowndes County on October 5, 2016. (Doc. 1-2). In his Complaint, Plaintiff alleges that on October 7, 2014, while in the pharmacy area of the Winn-Dixie store located in Valdosta, Georgia, he sat in a chair that slid out from underneath him, causing him to fall to the floor. (
Plaintiff served Office Depot with a copy of the Complaint and Summons on October 10, 2016. (Doc. 1, p. 1). Winn-Dixie acknowledged service on October 12, 2016. (
The Court agreed to permit Plaintiff an additional sixty (60) days in which to serve Qianglong. (Doc. 10). The Court left open the possibility of extending this timeline, provided Plaintiff could demonstrate to the Court that he had undertaken reasonable methods to serve Qianglong. The Court further cautioned Plaintiff that in the absence of evidence of his due diligence, the Court would dismiss Qianglong from this lawsuit.
More than ten months have passed since Plaintiff's lawsuit was removed to this Court. And, still, there is no evidence that Plaintiff has properly served Qianglong. Qianglong now moves the Court to dismiss this action, asserting that in the absence of evidence of due diligence to ensure service of the complaint, Plaintiff's claims against Qianglong are barred by the statute of limitations. Plaintiff contends that he has attempted service on Qianglong in a number of fashions but to no avail. He requests that the Court grant him an additional 300 days in which to perfect service on Qianglong in China.
When reviewing a motion to dismiss, the court shall accept "all well-pleaded facts . . . as true, and the reasonable inferences therefrom are construed in the light most favorable to the plaintiff."
Plaintiff's products liability claims against Qianglong arise from an accident that occurred on October 7, 2014. Plaintiff alleges that because Qianglong negligently manufactured the chair that caused his injury, Qianglong is strictly liable for his permanent injuries. Georgia law requires that "[a]ctions for injuries to the person shall be brought within two years after the right of action accrues." O.C.G.A. § 9-3-33;
Qianglong argues that Plaintiff's claims against the Chinese corporation should be dismissed because Plaintiff has failed to exercise diligence in serving this defendant as required by Georgia law. Plaintiff contends that the federal rules of civil procedure governing service on foreign corporations, not Georgia law, apply. Fed.R.Civ.P. 4(f) and (h). Under Fed.R.Civ.P. 4(f), service on a foreign corporation may be made "by any internationally agreed means of service that is reasonably calculated to give notice, such as those authorized by the Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents." Plaintiff counters that because there is no clear deadline associated for service under the Hague Convention,
The Eleventh Circuit has consistently held that a federal court sitting in diversity must apply the controlling state substantive law when determining the timeliness of service.
Under Georgia law, "the mere filing of a complaint does not commence suit unless timely service is perfected as required by law."
Plaintiff has not met his burden of showing by specific facts that he acted diligently in serving Qianglong. When Plaintiff responded to the Court's show cause order in February 2017, Plaintiff readily acknowledged that Qianglong had not been served. (Doc. 9, p. 1). Plaintiff also informed the Court at that time that Plaintiff had been unable to discern a means of serving Qianglong within the United States and that service likely would have to be made according to the requirements of the Hague Convention. (
Since that time, it is apparent that Plaintiff has taken no legitimate steps toward perfecting service under the Hague Convention or via any other acceptable method. Indeed, while Plaintiff claims to have hired a private investigator and to have attempted service on Qianglong's American representatives, Plaintiff has provided no specific evidence of the exact measures he has undertaken to serve Qianglong. The only efforts evident to the Court are Plaintiff's service attempts on representatives of XL Catlin, which the Court understands to be Qianglong's liability insurer. And Plaintiff has offered no explanation why service on this entity is an effective substitute for service on Qianglong.
Plaintiff's continued complaint that service under the Hague Convention is complicated, expensive, and time consuming is not sufficient to warrant granting Plaintiff additional time to serve Qianglong. Plaintiff has known since at least February 2017 that he would be required to serve Qianglong under terms of the international treaty, yet he has not demonstrated that he has taken any steps toward that end. The Court previously warned Plaintiff that if he failed to show the Court what attempts had been made to meet the service requirements under the Hague Convention, the Court would be disinclined to extend the time for service any further.
Therefore, finding that Plaintiff has not acted "as quickly as possible" to serve Qianglong, and finding no basis to extend the time for service, the Court grants Qianglong's motion to dismiss and denies Plaintiff's request for a 300 day extension of time to perfect service.
For the foregoing reasons, the Court