WILLIAM S. DUFFEY, Jr., District Judge.
This matter is before the Court on Magistrate Judge S. Justin Anand's Non-Final Report and Recommendation [113] ("R&R"), which recommends granting in part and denying in part Defendant Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC's ("Defendant" or "OLS") Motion to Dismiss [78] Plaintiff Jeffrey Phillips's ("Plaintiff") Second Amended Complaint [69] ("SAC"). Also before the Court are Plaintiff's and Defendant's Objections [117, 118] to the R&R.
On December 7, 1998, Plaintiff obtained a loan from HomeAmerican Credit, Inc., d/b/a/ Upland Mortgage ("Upland") and executed in favor of Upland a promissory note in the amount of $86,400.00 (the "Note"). Repayment of Plaintiff's loan obligations was secured by a deed (the "Security Deed") to real property located at 728 Kennolia Drive, Atlanta, Georgia (the "Property"). The Security Deed was executed in favor of Upland. (SAC ¶¶ 16-19; Exs. A, B).
Plaintiff alleges that he experienced problems during Upland's servicing of his loan, including "a series of returned checks and the accrual of substantial insufficient funds fees, and harassment of Plaintiff when his installment was not paid on the fifteenth (15th) day of each month." (
On April 20, 2005, OLS became the servicer of Plaintiff's loan. (
On May 5, 2005, Upland executed a Limited Power of Attorney, authorizing OLS to, among others, "execute, acknowledge, seal and deliver deed of trust/mortgage note endorsements" and "assignments of deed of trust/mortgage and other recorded documents." (
On March 10, 2010, OLS, as attorney-in-fact for Upland, executed an assignment (the "Assignment") of Upland's rights under the Note and Security Deed to Bank of America, National Association, as Successor by Merger to LaSalle Bank National Association, as Trustee for the Registered Holders of Credit Suisse Seasoned Loan Trust 2006-1, Home Equity Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2006-1 (the "Trustee"). (
On March 1, 2010, Weissman Nowack Curry & Wilco, P.C. ("WNCW"), "under the direction of Defendant OLS," Plaintiffs asserts, sent to Plaintiff a Notice of Foreclosure Sale, stating that the Trustee was the holder of the Note and Security Deed, that OLS was the entity with full authority to negotiate, amend, and modify the terms of Plaintiff's mortgage, that Plaintiff had defaulted on his loan obligations, and that, if Plaintiff did not pay the entire balance of his loan, the Trustee would conduct a foreclosure sale of the Property. (
On March 8, 15, 22, and 29, 2010, OLS published in the Fulton County Daily Report a Notice of Sale Under Power ("NSUP"), stating (i) that the Property was scheduled to be sold at foreclosure on the first Tuesday in April, 2010; (ii) that the foreclosure sale was being conducted by the Trustee; and (iii) that OLS was the entity with full authority to negotiate, amend, and modify the terms of Plaintiff's mortgage. (
On November 16, 2010, Plaintiff, proceeding pro se, filed his original complaint [1.1 at 2-7] against OLS in the Superior Court of Fulton County, Georgia.
On October 5, 2012, after retaining counsel, Plaintiff filed his First Amended Complaint ("FAC") [4], seeking to bring a putative class action and asserting additional claims, including for violation of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA"), 15 U.S.C. § 1692
On November 2, 2012, OLS removed the Fulton County Action to this Court based on federal question jurisdiction and the Class Action Fairness Act [1].
On December 12, 2012, OLS moved to dismiss Plaintiff's FAC for failure to state a claim [13].
On September 10, 2013, the Court dismissed most of Plaintiff's claims, but allowed his claims for wrongful attempted foreclosure and false light invasion of privacy to proceed. Plaintiff's claims for punitive damages, attorney's fees and costs, and injunctive relief were also allowed to proceed to the extent Plaintiff sought those remedies in connection with his claims for wrongful attempted foreclosure and false light invasion of privacy. (Order of Sept. 10, 2013 [51]).
On October 30, 2013, Plaintiff moved for leave to file a second amended complaint, which Judge Anand granted only to the extent that Plaintiff sought to replead his claims for wrongful attempted foreclosure, false light invasion of privacy, and his claims for relief, and to add a new claim for breach of contract.
On December 3, 2013, Plaintiff filed his Second Amended Complaint ("SAC") [69], asserting claims for: wrongful attempted foreclosure (Count 1); false light invasion of privacy (Count 2); breach of contract (Count 3); punitive damages (Count 4); expenses of litigation (Count 5); and preliminary and permanent injunctive relief (Count 6).
On December 20, 2013, OLS moved to dismiss (1) the portions of Plaintiff's claims in his SAC that are based on Plaintiff's newly alleged theories that the Assignment was not valid and that OLS and the Trustee lacked authority to foreclose on the Property; and (2) Plaintiff's breach of contract claim, in its entirety.
On May 19, 2014, OLS filed its Motion for Summary Judgment, which is pending before Judge Anand as of the date of this Order.
On July 24, 2014, Judge Anand issued his R&R, recommending that OLS's Motion to Dismiss be granted with respect to Plaintiff's claims for wrongful attempted foreclosure and false light invasion of privacy only to the extent those claims are based on the allegedly false assertion that "OLS and the Trustee had the power to foreclose by means of a valid enforceable assignment." Judge Anand also recommended that OLS's Motion to Dismiss be denied with respect to Plaintiff's breach of contract claim.
On August 7 and 11, 2014, respectively, Plaintiff and Defendant filed their objections [117, 118] to the R&R.
After conducting a careful and complete review of the findings and recommendations, a district judge may accept, reject, or modify a magistrate judge's report and recommendation. 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1);
The parties do not assert any specific objections to the R&R. Plaintiff states that he "does not object to the ultimate disposition of any of the three Counts of his [SAC] as addressed in the [R&R]," and concedes that "[a]lthough styled as `objections' . . . Plaintiff is principally concerned, in view of the sequence of filing of the Defendant's motions and the Plaintiff's responses, that the rationale of the [R&R] is in accord with the full record before the Court, particularly Plaintiff's response to [OLS's Motion for Summary Judgment]." (Pl's Obj. at 3). Defendant states in its filing that it "does not object to the [] R&R but submits this short paper to clarify beyond any doubt that it does not intent to concede the truth of the facts recited in the [] R&R." (Def's Obj. at 1).
A valid objection must "specifically identify the portions of the proposed findings and recommendation to which objection is made and the specific basis for objection."
The law governing motions to dismiss pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) is well-settled. "To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to `state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.'"
In considering a motion to dismiss, the Court must "assume that the factual allegations in the complaint are true and give the plaintiff[] the benefit of reasonable factual inferences."
The complaint ultimately is required to contain "enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face."
Plaintiff claims that OLS "knowingly and intentionally published untrue and derogatory information concerning Plaintiff's financial condition, to wit [sic] that Plaintiff was . . . in default under the Loan, and that Defendant OLS and the Trustee had the power to foreclose by means of a valid enforceable assignment." (SAC ¶¶ 77, 85).
Judge Anand found that Plaintiff cannot state a claim for relief based on his assertions that the Assignment is not valid and that OLS and the Trustee lacked authority to foreclose on the Property because these statements, even if false, do not concern Plaintiff's financial condition and because mere misidentification of the entity to whom a debt is owed would not be "highly offensive to a reasonable person." Judge Anand recommended that the Court dismiss Plaintiff's claims for wrongful attempted foreclosure and false light invasion of privacy to the extent they are based on perceived defects in the Assignment and alleged lack of authority to foreclose, and the Court finds no plain error in this recommendation.
Plaintiff claims that "OLS's arbitrary and capricious violation of the terms of the Loan and Note, and the resulting attempted foreclosure of the [Property], constituted a breach by [] OLS." (SAC ¶ 89).
Judge Anand found that, although Plaintiff did not identify specific provisions in the Note that OLS allegedly breached, Plaintiff alleged sufficient facts—albeit scattered throughout his SAC—to state a plausible claim for breach of contract. Plaintiff alleges that OLS, without Plaintiff's consent, converted his loan into a "Simple Interest Loan;" that OLS assessed "duplicate insurance premiums," "false late charges," "duplicate payment of property taxes," and "fictitious legal/collection expenses;" and that OLS made "false entries" on Plaintiff's account, including "inaccurate amortization," "fictitious escrow advances," "fictitious `past due' amounts," and "false expenses" which, Plaintiff asserts, are supported by his May 6, 2005, account statement he submitted with his SAC. (
For the foregoing reasons,
To the extent Plaintiff "objects to the [R&R's] suggestion that Plaintiff's contract claim might be appropriate for resolution on summary judgment" because "the issue of whether a principal was disclosed or undisclosed is generally a question for the jury," Plaintiff's argument is not properly before the Court and the Court will not consider it at this stage in the litigation.