G.R. SMITH, Magistrate Judge.
Jimmy Lee Everett moves for 28 U.S.C. § 2255 relief. (Doc. 1.
Everett was named in three federal indictments in 2007 and 2008. First, he was charged in December 2007 as one of 23 defendants who conspired to steal vehicles, change their identification numbers, and then sell them for a profit. United States v. Patterson, No. CR607-031, doc. 1. Specifically, he was indicted for conspiracy, trafficking in vehicles with altered identification numbers, trafficking in stolen vehicles, and possession of counterfeit vehicle titles. Id., doc. 1; (Presentence Investigation Report ("PSI") ¶¶ 1-7).
Everett pled guilty to count six of the stolen vehicle indictment, Patterson, No. CR607-031, doc. 1, charging him with trafficking in vehicles with altered identification numbers. Id., doc. 448. He also pled guilty to one count of bank fraud in Everett I, No. CR408-63, doc. 21, and in return, the obstruction indictment, Everett II, No. CR608-007, was dismissed. In a consolidated judgment, the sentencing judge imposed 108 months' imprisonment on the vehicle trafficking count and 110 months on the bank fraud count, both to be served concurrently. Patterson, No. CR607-031, doc. 682; Everett I, No. CR408-063, doc. 33.
After unsuccessfully appealing, Everett filed the instant § 2255 motion.
In early 2008, Vince Thompson discovered that Everett was embezzling money. (PSI ¶ 94.) Using a TPM business account at Sea Island Bank, Everett had deposited and withdrawn funds from numerous checks payable to TPM without TPM's knowledge.
Classens, however, vigorously objected, arguing that Thompson should have been aware of the account since she had executed the renewal note, signature card, and corporate resolution allowing it. (PSI objections.) He affirmatively stated that the allegations that the signature was forged were "utterly untrue." (Id.) The probation officer responded that Thompson adamantly denied that she had ever signed any signature card or other document authorizing the establishment of the account. (Id.) Accordingly, the probation officer again insisted that the enhancement was warranted. (Id.) The probation officer also denied acceptance of responsibility based upon Everett's refusal to admit that he forged Colleen Thompson's signature. ( Id. ¶¶ 106-107.)
At sentencing, however, the government conceded that the signature card was not actually a forgery but was used inappropriately and that Colleen Thompson was not aware of the misuse. Everett I, No. CR408-063, doc. 43 (sentencing tr.) at 4. TPM had applied for a loan from Sea Island Bank. (Doc. 8 (gov't resp.) at 22-23 (agreeing with Everett's narrative).) In order to provide the loan, Sea Island Bank required the company to open an account. Thompson believed she was signing the signature card in order to open an account solely as a prerequisite to obtaining financing, but Everett intended to use the account to embezzle money from the business.
After receiving acceptance of responsibility, Classens failed to pursue this matter further at sentencing or on appeal. Everett contends this was error on Classens' part. The government disagrees, but its reasoning is far from clear. It insists that Thompson was unaware of the Sea Island bank account (doc. 8 at 24), but it also states that she had approved the opening of the bank account so that TPM could obtain funding from Sea Island Bank. (Id. at 23.) If Thompson knew of the account and authorized its creation, the Court cannot conceive of any reason why the enhancement should apply. The provision is meant to apply when a defendant obtains a means of identification without the victim's consent.
Since it is unclear from the papers and record exactly what transpired, the Court
In Lyle, the defendant offered to help people with their tax returns in order to obtain their identifying information. Lyle, 239 F. App'x at 531-32. She then filed fraudulent tax returns showing that the victims were entitled to refunds, and then applied for refund loans, which necessitated the opening of fraudulent bank accounts. Id. The Lyle court held that a § 2B1.1(b)(10)(C)(i) enhancement was warranted because the defendant had used the victims' names and social security numbers for an unauthorized purpose without their consent in applying for fraudulent refund loans, which necessitated the creation of associated bank account numbers. Id. It appears that Everett's case is quite different. As best the Court can tell, Thompson authorized Everett to open a bank account with Sea Island Bank, though she did not authorize him to use the account for embezzlement. The issue, though, is not whether the embezzlement was authorized (it never is), but whether Everett used Thompson's signature to obtain a new form of identification (bank account number) without her consent. That appears to be what animated the enhancement. Hence, if he in fact did have her consent then the analysis changes here.