DUDLEY H. BOWEN, District Judge.
Presently before the Court is Defendants' motion to dismiss Plaintiff Edward Staley's claims. For the following reasons, the motion is
Plaintiff Edward Staley was incarcerated at Johnson State Prison ("JSP") from May 24, 2016 to March 2, 2017. (Compl., Doc. No. 1, ¶ 1.) While at JSP, Plaintiff was placed in voluntary protective custody and housed in cell J-1-123. (
On May 23, 2018, Plaintiff, proceeding
On December 4, 2018, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss, claiming that Plaintiff has failed to exhaust administrative remedies as required by the Prison Litigation Reform Act ("PLRA"). Defendants also argue that Plaintiff's claims under the First, Fourth, Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, as well as the alleged violation of the Rehabilitation Act and RLUIPA should be dismissed because Plaintiff has failed to allege any facts to support these claims. Finally, Defendants argue that Plaintiff is not entitled to injunctive relief because he is no longer housed at JSP.
On December 17, 2018, Plaintiff, through counsel, responded to the motion to dismiss and failed to oppose Defendants' motion with respect to the First, Fourth, Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment claims, the claims under the Rehabilitation Act and RLUPIA, and the claim for injunctive relief. Those claims, therefore, are subject to dismissal for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). Plaintiff, however, maintains that he has properly exhausted his administrative remedies respecting his ADA and § 1983 deliberate indifference claims, and therefore he opposes dismissal.
The PLRA provides that a prisoner may not bring an action with respect to prison conditions under § 1983 or any other Federal law until he has exhausted available administrative remedies. 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). The PLRA requires "proper exhaustion," meaning that a prisoner must "us[e] all steps" in the administrative process and must comply with any administrative "deadlines and other critical procedural rules."
In addressing the exhaustion issue on a motion to dismiss, the Eleventh Circuit has outlined a two-step approach. The Court first must look to the factual allegations made by both parties, taking the plaintiff's version as true where they conflict, and if in that light the complaint is subject to dismissal for failure to exhaust administrative remedies, the case will be dismissed.
In his complaint, Plaintiff alleges that he filed grievances related to his heat-intolerant condition. (Compl. ¶ 6.) He further alleges that he has exhausted his administrative remedies. (
The Court will now turn to the second step of determining whether Defendants have shown that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies with these two grievances.
The Standard Operating Procedure governing prisoner grievances at JSP provides that a prisoner "may file a grievance about any condition, policy, procedure, or action or lack thereof that affects the offender personally." (Decl. of Lakisha Franklin, Doc. No. 17-2, Ex. 1, § VI.B.1 (GDOC's SOP IIB05-0001 (effective date July 20, 2015)) (hereinafter "Grievance SOP").) The Grievance SOP outlines the grievance procedure, including the appeal process, and the applicable timelines that an inmate must follow to properly file a grievance.
On July 7, 2016, Plaintiff filed Grievance No. 222951, which complained that JSP was not complying with his medical profile of "heat intolerance" because he was not housed with air conditioning. (Defs.' Resp. to Court Order, Doc. No. 23, Ex. A, at 1.) Plaintiff complained that JSP's non-compliance was a threat to his health and safety. (
The Grievance Counselor screened Plaintiff's grievance and recommended dismissal because "routing housing assignments are non-grievable." (
On July 13, 2016, Plaintiff filed a similar grievance, stating that housing him without air conditioning was causing physical, mental, [and] emotional torture." (Franklin Decl., Ex. 5, at 1.) Plaintiff mentioned his "`heat intolerant' multiple sclerosis." (
The Grievance Coordinator again recommended that the grievance be rejected because "routing housing assignments are non-grievable" under the Grievance SOP. (
In its motion to dismiss, Defendants argue that Plaintiff followed the wrong procedure. They assert that inmates requesting a change in housing must submit a classification appeal form in accordance with the Classification SOP of the Georgia Department of Corrections. Defendants contend that Plaintiff's failure to "appeal his housing assignment to the Classification Committee" is fatal to his case. (
In response, Plaintiff contends that the Grievance SOP was the proper vehicle by which to file his grievance because his housing assignment was detrimental to his health and safety. Plaintiff points out that housing assignment matters are non-grievable "unless there is an alleged threat to the offender's health and safety." (Grievance SOP, § VI.B.2(h).) Defendants' only response thereto was that Plaintiff should have filed a "medical recommendation that his housing assignment be changed."
In the Court's estimation, Plaintiff was not requesting a "housing" assignment as characterized by the parties in brief and in prison officials' responses to his grievances. Rather, in recognizing that JSP could not house him in an air-conditioned dorm while providing protective custody, Plaintiff was requesting a prison transfer. The transfer of prisoners between institutions is clearly a non-grievable matter. (Grievance SOP, § VI.B.2(f).) Thus, he did not fail to exhaust administrative remedies with respect to the Grievance SOP because that procedure was inapplicable to his requested relief.
Defendants' reference to the Classification SOP is unavailing. The Classification SOP involves the plan by which the Georgia Department of Corrections "assesses the program needs of offenders, ensures appropriate custody level assignment, and provides for on-going evaluation of offender progress and adjustment." (Franklin Decl., Ex. 2, § I (GDOC's Policy No. 220.03) ("Classification SOP").) Thus, the Classification SOP appears to apply to the classification (housing assignments, program assignments, and work assignments) of offenders within a facility. The Court could not find an administrative process related to a facility transfer in the Classification SOP. Moreover, the "Classification Appeal Form" referenced by Defendants in brief does not include a request for facility transfer. (
The Court is troubled by the lack of direction given to Plaintiff in the grievance process. While Plaintiff was told at every level that his grievance was "non-grievable," Defendant only mentioned once per grievance that the matter "should be addressed through the appeal process," which is scant direction for an offender with an alleged serious health concern. There was no reference to the Classification SOP during the grievance process.
The PLRA mandates that an inmate exhaust "such administrative remedies as are available" prior to filing suit. 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Stated another way by the United States Supreme Court, an inmate need not exhaust unavailable administrative remedies.
Upon the foregoing, Defendants' motion to dismiss (doc. no. 17) is
The stay of this case is hereby