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Richards v. Paulk, 5:18-cv-56. (2020)

Court: District Court, S.D. Georgia Number: infdco20200305b76 Visitors: 8
Filed: Feb. 07, 2020
Latest Update: Feb. 07, 2020
Summary: ORDER AND MAGISTRATE JUDGE'S REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION BENJAMIN W. CHEESBRO , Magistrate Judge . This matter comes before the Court on Plaintiff's failure to comply with the Court's August 30, 2019 Order and Defendant's Motion to Dismiss. Docs. 36, 37. For the following reasons, I RECOMMEND the Court DISMISS without prejudice Plaintiff's Complaint, as amended, docs. 1, 28, for failure to follow this Court's Order and failure to prosecute. I also RECOMMEND the Court DENY as moot Def
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ORDER AND MAGISTRATE JUDGE'S REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION

This matter comes before the Court on Plaintiff's failure to comply with the Court's August 30, 2019 Order and Defendant's Motion to Dismiss. Docs. 36, 37. For the following reasons, I RECOMMEND the Court DISMISS without prejudice Plaintiff's Complaint, as amended, docs. 1, 28, for failure to follow this Court's Order and failure to prosecute. I also RECOMMEND the Court DENY as moot Defendant's Motion to Dismiss, doc. 36, DIRECT the Clerk of Court to CLOSE this case and enter the appropriate judgment of dismissal, and DENY Plaintiff leave to appeal in forma pauperis.1

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff submitted a 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Complaint, as amended, in which he alleges Defendant violated his constitutional rights. Docs. 1, 28. After the Court granted Plaintiff leave to proceed in forma pauperis, doc. 6, the Court directed service of Plaintiff's Complaint upon Defendant. Doc. 32. Defendant then filed her Motion to Dismiss. Doc. 36. The Court ordered Plaintiff to respond to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss within 14 days of the August 30, 2019 Order. Doc. 37 at 1. The Court warned Plaintiff, if he failed "to file a timely response, the Court will presume Plaintiff does not oppose the Motion and may dismiss individual claims or the entire action." Id. (citing Local R. 7.5 ("Failure to respond . . . shall indicate that there is no opposition to a motion.")). The Clerk of Court mailed this Order, along with copies of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12 and 41, to Plaintiff at his last known address. There is nothing indicating this Order was returned to the Court or otherwise failed to reach Plaintiff. However, Plaintiff failed to respond to this Court's Order or Defendant's Motion to Dismiss. In fact, Plaintiff has not filed anything with the Court in nearly 10 months' time.

DISCUSSION

The Court must now determine how to address Plaintiff's failure to comply with this Court's Order and failure to prosecute. For the reasons set forth below, I RECOMMEND the Court DISMISS without prejudice Plaintiff's Complaint, as amended, and DENY Plaintiff leave to appeal in forma pauperis.

I. Dismissal for Failure to Follow this Court's Order and Failure to Prosecute

A district court may dismiss a plaintiff's claims sua sponte pursuant to either Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) ("Rule 41(b)") or the court's inherent authority to manage its docket. Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626 (1962);2 Coleman v. St. Lucie Cty. Jail, 433 F. App'x 716, 718 (11th Cir. 2011) (citing Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and Betty K Agencies, Ltd. v. M/V MONADA, 432 F.3d 1333, 1337 (11th Cir. 2005)). In particular, Rule 41(b) allows for the involuntary dismissal of a plaintiff's claims where he has failed to prosecute those claims, comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure or local rules, or follow a court order. Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b); see also Coleman, 433 F. App'x at 718; Sanders v. Barrett, No. 05-12660, 2005 WL 2640979, at *1 (11th Cir. Oct. 17, 2005) (citing Kilgo v. Ricks, 983 F.2d 189, 192 (11th Cir. 1993)); cf. Local R. 41.1(b) ("[T]he assigned Judge may, after notice to counsel of record, sua sponte . . . dismiss any action for want of prosecution, with or without prejudice[,] . . . [based on] willful disobedience or neglect of any order of the Court." (emphasis omitted)). Additionally, a district court's "power to dismiss is an inherent aspect of its authority to enforce its orders and ensure prompt disposition of lawsuits." Brown v. Tallahassee Police Dep't, 205 F. App'x 802, 802 (11th Cir. 2006) (quoting Jones v. Graham, 709 F.2d 1457, 1458 (11th Cir. 1983)).

It is true that dismissal with prejudice for failure to prosecute is a "sanction . . . to be utilized only in extreme situations" and requires that a court "(1) conclud[e] a clear record of delay or willful contempt exists; and (2) mak[e] an implicit or explicit finding that lesser sanctions would not suffice." Thomas v. Montgomery Cty. Bd. of Educ., 170 F. App'x 623, 625-26 (11th Cir. 2006) (quoting Morewitz v. West of Eng. Ship Owners Mut. Prot. & Indem. Ass'n (Lux.), 62 F.3d 1356, 1366 (11th Cir. 1995)); see also Taylor v. Spaziano, 251 F. App'x 616, 619 (11th Cir. 2007) (citing Morewitz, 62 F.3d at 1366). By contrast, dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute is not an adjudication on the merits, and, therefore, courts are afforded greater discretion in dismissing claims in this manner. Taylor, 251 F. App'x at 619; see also Coleman, 433 F. App'x at 719; Brown, 205 F. App'x at 802-03.

While the Court exercises its discretion to dismiss cases with caution, dismissal of this action without prejudice is warranted. See Coleman, 433 F. App'x at 719 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute § 1983 complaint where plaintiff did not respond to court order to supply defendant's current address for purpose of service); Taylor, 251 F. App'x at 620-21 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute, because plaintiffs insisted on going forward with deficient amended complaint rather than complying or seeking an extension of time to comply with court's order to file second amended complaint); Brown, 205 F. App'x at 802-03 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute § 1983 claims where plaintiff failed to follow court order to file amended complaint and court had informed plaintiff that noncompliance could lead to dismissal).

Plaintiff failed to follow this Court's Order or to otherwise respond to the Motion to Dismiss, despite having ample opportunity to do so and being forewarned of the consequences of his failure to do so. Doc. 37. Thus, the Court should DISMISS without prejudice Plaintiff's Complaint, as amended, docs. 1, 28, for failure to follow this Court's Order and failure to prosecute and DIRECT the Clerk of Court to CLOSE this case and enter the appropriate judgment of dismissal.

II. Leave to Appeal in Forma Pauperis

The Court should also deny Plaintiff leave to appeal in forma pauperis. Though Plaintiff has not yet filed a notice of appeal, it would be appropriate to address that issue in the Court's order of dismissal. See Fed. R. App. P. 24(a)(3) (trial court may certify that appeal is not taken in good faith "before or after the notice of appeal is filed").

An appeal cannot be taken in forma pauperis if the trial court certifies, either before or after the notice of appeal is filed, that the appeal is not taken in good faith. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3); Fed. R. App. P. 24(a)(3). Good faith in this context must be judged by an objective standard. Busch v. County of Volusia, 189 F.R.D. 687, 691 (M.D. Fla. 1999). A party does not proceed in good faith when he seeks to advance a frivolous claim or argument. See Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438, 445 (1962). A claim or argument is frivolous when it appears the factual allegations are clearly baseless or the legal theories are indisputably meritless. Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 327 (1989); Carroll v. Gross, 984 F.2d 392, 393 (11th Cir. 1993). An in forma pauperis action is frivolous and not brought in good faith if it is "without arguable merit either in law or fact." Napier v. Preslicka, 314 F.3d 528, 531 (11th Cir. 2002); see also Brown v. United States, Nos. 407CV085, 403CR001, 2009 WL 307872, at *1-2 (S.D. Ga. Feb. 9, 2009).

Based on the above analysis of Plaintiff's failure to follow this Court's Order and failure to prosecute, there are no non-frivolous issues to raise on appeal, and an appeal would not be taken in good faith. Thus, the Court should DENY Plaintiff in forma pauperis status on appeal.

CONCLUSION

For the above-stated reasons, I RECOMMEND the Court DISMISS without prejudice Plaintiff's Complaint, as amended, docs. 1, 28, for failure to follow this Court's Order and failure to prosecute and DENY as moot Defendant's Motion to Dismiss.3 I also RECOMMEND the Court DIRECT the Clerk of Court to CLOSE this case and enter the appropriate judgment of dismissal and DENY Plaintiff leave to appeal in forma pauperis.

The Court ORDERS any party seeking to object to this Report and Recommendation to file specific written objections within 14 days of the date on which this Report and Recommendation is entered. Any objections asserting that the Magistrate Judge failed to address any contention raised in the Complaint must also be included. Failure to do so will bar any later challenge or review of the factual findings or legal conclusions of the Magistrate Judge. See 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(C); Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140 (1985). A copy of the objections must be served upon all other parties to the action. It is not necessary for a party to repeat legal arguments in objections. The parties are advised that failure to timely file objections will result in the waiver of rights on appeal. 11th Cir. R. 3-1; see Symonette v. V.A. Leasing Corp., 648 F. App'x 787, 790 (11th Cir. 2016); Mitchell v. United States, 612 F. App'x 542, 545 (11th Cir. 2015).

Upon receipt of Objections meeting the specificity requirement set out above, a United States District Judge will make a de novo determination of those portions of the report, proposed findings, or recommendation to which objection is made and may accept, reject, or modify in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the Magistrate Judge. Objections not meeting the specificity requirement set out above will not be considered by a District Judge. A party may not appeal a Magistrate Judge's report and recommendation directly to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Appeals may be made only from a final judgment entered by or at the direction of a District Judge. The Court DIRECTS the Clerk of Court to serve a copy of this Report and Recommendation upon Plaintiff at his last known address and Defendant.

SO ORDERED and REPORTED and RECOMMENDED.

FootNotes


1. A "district court can only dismiss an action on its own motion as long as the procedure employed is fair.. . . To employ fair procedure, a district court must generally provide the plaintiff with notice of its intent to dismiss or an opportunity to respond." Tazoe v. Airbus S.A.S., 631 F.3d 1321, 1336 (11th Cir. 2011) (citations and internal quotations marks omitted). A magistrate judge's report and recommendation provides such notice and opportunity to respond. See Shivers v. Int'l Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local Union 349, 262 F. App'x 121, 125, 127 (11th Cir. 2008) (indicating that a party has notice of a district court's intent to sua sponte grant summary judgment where a magistrate judge issues a report recommending the sua sponte granting of summary judgment); Anderson v. Dunbar Armored, Inc., 678 F.Supp.2d 1280, 1296 (N.D. Ga. 2009) (noting that report and recommendation served as notice that claims would be sua sponte dismissed). This Report and Recommendation constitutes fair notice to Plaintiff that his suit is due to be dismissed. As indicated below, Plaintiff will have the opportunity to present his objections to this finding, and the presiding district judge will review de novo properly submitted objections. See 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); Fed. R. Civ. P. 72; see also Glover v. Williams, No. 1:12-CV-3562, 2012 WL 5930633, at *1 (N.D. Ga. Oct. 18, 2012) (explaining that magistrate judge's report and recommendation constituted adequate notice and petitioner's opportunity to file objections provided a reasonable opportunity to respond).
2. In Wabash, the Court held that a trial court may dismiss an action for failure to prosecute "even without affording notice of its intention to do so." 370 U.S. at 633. Nonetheless, in the case at hand, the Court advised Plaintiff that his failure to respond to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss could result in the dismissal of his cause of action. Doc. 37 at 1. Additionally, in granting Defendant's motion to stay, the Court advised Plaintiff its ruling did "not affect Plaintiff's obligation to file a response to the motion to dismiss." Doc. 39 at 2.
3. As stated in this Court's August 30, 2019 Order, doc. 37, the failure of Plaintiff to file a response to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss indicates the Motion is unopposed. See Local R. 7.5 ("Failure to respond within the applicable time period shall indicate that there is no opposition to a motion."). However, this Court will refrain from addressing the substance of Defendant's Motion to Dismiss at this time, as Plaintiff's failure to comply with the Court's Order provides a separate ground on which to recommend dismissal.
Source:  Leagle

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