MONTI L. BELOT, District Judge.
This case comes before the court on defendant's motion for judgment on the pleadings. (Doc. 24). The motion has been fully briefed and is ripe for decision. (Docs. 25, 33, 37). Defendant's motion is granted for the reasons herein.
On February 12, 2015, plaintiff filed a complaint in the district court of Finney County, Kansas. Plaintiff's complaint was removed to this court. (Doc. 1). Plaintiff alleges that he is on social security disability and has been discriminated against while operating an "other powered driven mobility device" (OPDMD). Plaintiff was cited and convicted, presumably by officers employed by defendant, on multiple occasions for driving with a suspended license while operating an OPDMD, specifically a motor operated bicycle and a riding lawn mower. Plaintiff filed a supplement to his complaint in which he states that he has recently been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. (Doc. 9). Plaintiff also attached his social security records and criminal records from Garden City to the supplement. (Doc. 9).
Defendant moves to dismiss on the basis that plaintiff has not alleged sufficient facts to state a claim.
The standards this court must utilize upon a motion for judgment on the pleadings mirrors the standard for analyzing motions to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6).
It has long been the rule that
The ADA contains three titles which address discrimination against persons with disabilities in three contexts. Briefly summarized, Title I bars employment discrimination, 42 U.S.C. § 12112, Title II bars discrimination in services offered by public entities, 42 U.S.C. § 12132, and Title III bars discrimination by public accommodations engaged in interstate commerce, such as restaurants, hotels, and transportation carriers. 42 U.S.C. §§ 12182, 12184.
Plaintiff's complaint cites to Title III. Title III, however, applies to discrimination in public accommodations by
In plaintiff's exhibits to his supplement, he attached portions of Title II. Therefore, the court liberally construes plaintiff's complaint as making a claim under Title II. Title II of the ADA provides that "no qualified individual with a disability shall, by reason of such disability, be excluded from participation in or be denied the benefits of the services, programs, or activities of a public entity, or be subjected to discrimination by any such entity." 42 U.S.C. § 12132. To make out a prima facie case under Title II of the ADA, a plaintiff must establish that "(1) he is a qualified individual with a disability; (2) he was either excluded from participation in or denied the benefits of some public entity's services, programs, or activities, or was otherwise discriminated against by the public entity; and (3) such exclusion, denial of benefits, or discrimination was by reason of his disability."
Defendant contends that plaintiff has not satisfied a prima facie case of discrimination because he failed to allege that he is a qualified individual with a disability. 42 U.S.C. § 12102(2)(A) (2006) provides in relevant part that a disability is a "physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of [an] individual." The Tenth Circuit has held that an analysis under this statute requires a three-step process: (1) determining whether the plaintiff's condition is an impairment, (2) identifying the life activity upon which she relies and determining whether it constitutes a major life activity under the ADA, and (3) determining whether the impairment substantially limited the major life activity.
Plaintiff's complaint wholly fails to identify his condition and what major life activity is limited by his condition. Rather, the complaint merely states that plaintiff is on social security disability. This allegation is not sufficient to establish that plaintiff is a qualified individual with a disability under the ADA.
Nevertheless, the court finds that plaintiff has failed to allege intentional discrimination under the ADA. A plaintiff claiming a violation of Title II of the ADA must show that he was discriminated against "solely by reason of disability."
Plaintiff's allegations are insufficient to state a claim of discrimination under Title II of the ADA. Plaintiff admits that he did not have a valid driver's license while operating a riding lawn mower on the street.
In plaintiff's motion to amend, he alleges that defendant conspired to discriminate against him.
Plaintiff has failed to satisfy elements 1 and 3. Plaintiff did not sufficiently identify the persons involved in the conspiracy and the agreement they entered into. Therefore, defendant's motion to dismiss plaintiff's conspiracy claim is granted.
Plaintiff's motion to amend also alleges a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2385. This is a criminal statue, which does not provide for a private cause of action.
Defendant's motion to dismiss is granted. (Doc. 24).
Plaintiff is on notice that this order terminates his case. Plaintiff may not deliver voluminous stacks of documents to the clerk's office for filing. This court is not a depository. Plaintiff may only file pleadings which are in compliance with this court's rules. The court will not accept a document unless it is a proper motion with a supporting memorandum or a notice of appeal. The clerk's office is instructed to return all of plaintiff's documents to plaintiff by mail.
A motion for reconsideration of this order is not encouraged. Any such motion shall not exceed 5 double-spaced pages and shall strictly comply with the standards enunciated by this court in
IT IS SO ORDERED.