GREG N. STIVERS, District Judge.
Defendants Bill Jenkins, the Jailer of Logan County Detention Center (LCDC), and Logan County,
On initial review of Plaintiff's complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, the Court allowed the following claims to continue: Plaintiff's claims regarding unsanitary prison conditions making him sick against Defendants Logan County and Jenkins in his individual capacity and Plaintiff's claim against Logan County that he was held on suicide watch while naked.
The facts alleged by Plaintiff in his verified complaint that relate to those continuing claims are as follows. Plaintiff stated that he was incarcerated at LCDC from September 19, 2012, until July 24, 2013, in "unhealthy living conditions" which caused him to be sick with "terrible flu like" symptoms from two weeks after he arrived until he left. He also stated that his hands became infected because of the diseases and germs from the jail "which [he] do[es] feel come from not having a proper cleaning protectant supplies where we had to clean mold . . . ." Plaintiff further stated, "There was no way they could stop the mold an[d] sicking envirorement, well none they used anyway, but the Jailer still let his staff to continue to house me there."
Plaintiff additionally alleged that he was so miserable that he wanted to kill himself but that when he let "them" know he was considering suicide "they" stripped him naked and kept him in a room up front where "everyone in jail" could see him. He claimed that "it was so embarrassing an they would keep [him] there for weeks until [he] had to lie to them to get out by saying" he was all right, even though he was not.
Summary judgment is proper "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). The party moving for summary judgment bears the burden of demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986). The moving party's burden may be discharged by demonstrating that there is an absence of evidence to support an essential element of the nonmoving party's case for which he or she has the burden of proof. Id. Once the moving party demonstrates this lack of evidence, the burden passes to the nonmoving party to establish, after an adequate opportunity for discovery, the existence of a disputed factual element essential to his case with respect to which he bears the burden of proof. Id. If the record taken as a whole could not lead the trier of fact to find for the nonmoving party, the motion for summary judgment should be granted. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986).
Where the nonmoving party bears the burden of proof at trial, "a complete failure of proof concerning an essential element of the nonmoving party's case necessarily renders all other facts immaterial." Celotex, 477 U.S. at 323. The nonmoving party must do more than raise some doubt as to the existence of a fact; the nonmoving party must produce evidence that would be sufficient to require submission of the issue to the jury. Lucas v. Leaseway Multi Transp. Serv., Inc., 738 F.Supp. 214, 217 (E.D. Mich. 1990). The moving party, therefore, is "entitled to a judgment as a matter of law because the nonmoving party has failed to make a sufficient showing on an essential element of [his] case with respect to which [he] has the burden of proof." Id. (internal quotation marks omitted).
In their motion for summary judgment, Defendants argue that Plaintiff completely failed to exhaust the LCDC's available administrative remedies as required under 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a) with respect to his two surviving claims.
Prisoner civil rights cases are subject to the Prison Litigation Reform Act's (PLRA) mandate that "[n]o action shall be brought with respect to prison conditions under § 1983 . . . by a prisoner confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility until such administrative remedies as are available are exhausted." 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). The Supreme Court has firmly held that exhaustion is mandatory and not within the discretion of the district court. Porter v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516, 524 (2002); Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 211 (2007) ("There is no question that exhaustion is mandatory under the PLRA and that unexhausted claims cannot be brought in court."). Failure to exhaust administrative remedies is "an affirmative defense under the PLRA" which the defendant bears the burden of establishing. Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. at 216.
To exhaust a claim, a prisoner must proceed through all of the steps of a prison's or jail's grievance process, because an inmate "cannot abandon the process before completion and claim that he has exhausted his remedies." Hartsfield v. Vidor, 199 F.3d 305, 309 (6th Cir. 1999). The Supreme Court held in Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 93 (2006), that failure to "properly" exhaust bars suit in federal court. "Proper exhaustion" means that the plaintiff complied with the administrative "agency's deadlines and other critical procedural rules because no adjudicative system can function effectively without imposing some orderly structure on the course of its proceedings." Id. at 90-91.
By affidavit, Defendant Jenkins states that he was the Logan County Jailer during the time period about which Plaintiff complains; that at all times during Plaintiff's incarceration, the LCDC had in effect an inmate grievance procedure available to all inmates that was set forth in the "Logan County Detention Center Inmate Rights and Rules and Offered to Inmates" (hereafter, "Inmate Rights & Rules"); that a copy of the "Inmate Rights & Rules" form was presented to Plaintiff upon his incarceration at the LCDC on September 17, 2012; that Plaintiff signed the "Inmate Rights & Rules" form indicating he received a copy and understood the rules and regulations; and that a copy of the "Inmates Rights & Rules" was posted in each cell/dorm of the LCDC (DN 19, Ex. 1, Aff.).
Defendants also provide the copy of the "Inmate Rights & Rules" that Plaintiff signed on September 17, 2012 (DN 19, Ex. A). Therein, the LCDC grievance procedure provides:
Defendant Jenkins avers that Plaintiff "filed no grievances with regard to complaints of `getting sick' or being stripped naked while on suicide watch during his incarceration at LCDC." (DN 19, Ex. 1, Aff.). He further avers that during the period about which Plaintiff complains (from September 19, 2012, through July 24, 2013), Plaintiff filed only one inmate grievance form and that it concerned "complaints of wanting another inmate moved from his cell or for his final sentence date to be moved up so that he would be transferred to the state penitentiary sooner" (DN 19, Ex. 1, Aff.; Ex. C, 5/22/13 Grievance).
The Court concludes that Defendants, by affidavits and other supporting documentation, have shown that Plaintiff has failed to exhaust his available administrative remedies at LCDC as to his claims of unsanitary conditions making him sick and of being held on suicide watch while naked. Consequently, summary judgment in favor of Defendants is appropriate unless Plaintiff has offered appropriate summary-judgment proof to show the existence of a disputed factual element as to the exhaustion issue.
In his unverified response (DN 30) to the summary-judgment motion, Plaintiff does not challenge Defendants' argument that he failed to file a grievance. Rather, he argues as follows:
As indicated by Defendants in their reply (DN 31), Plaintiff fails even to assert that he exhausted his available administrative remedies with respect to his claim based upon unsanitary conditions at LCDC. With respect to Plaintiff's claim of being held on suicide watch while naked, Defendants maintain that he implicitly acknowledges that he did not file a grievance on the issue and argues instead that the grievance process was not available to him because "had no access to any type of foreign instruments namley pencil or (pen) ink pen." Defendants argue that Plaintiff neither alleges that he requested a grievance form and writing materials while on suicide watch, which he could have done, nor that LCDC staff refused to provide him a grievance form and writing materials. Further, argue Defendants, Plaintiff certainly could have filed a grievance relative to his complaint after he was released from suicide watch but failed to do so.
The administrative procedure "becomes `unavailable' because prison officials have somehow thwarted the inmate[']s attempts at exhaustion." Brock v. Kenton Cnty., 93 F. App'x 793, 798 (6th Cir. 2004)). "The Sixth Circuit requires some affirmative efforts to comply with the administrative procedures before analyzing whether the facility rendered these remedies unavailable." Napier v. Laurel Cnty., Ky., 636 F.3d 218, 223 (6th Cir. 2011) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).
Plaintiff maintains only that he had no access to a pencil or pen while on suicide watch. He fails to allege, much less prove, that he made any effort to file a grievance. Nowhere does he indicate that he requested and/or was denied a grievance form and a pencil or pen, and because LCDC's grievance procedure has no time limit for filing a grievance, Plaintiff could have filed a grievance after his release from suicide watch but failed to do so. The Court finds that Plaintiff has failed to show that the grievance process was unavailable to him while on suicide watch. See Montoya v. Schriro, No. CV 08-1999-PHX-DGC, 2010 WL 4116493, at *3 (D. Ariz. Oct. 18, 2010) ("As to the lack of writing materials, Plaintiff does not allege that he requested and was denied writing materials while he was on suicide watch, nor does he explain why he could not attempt to grieve his claim upon release from suicide watch. Without more, Plaintiff's general assertions are insufficient to justify his failure to attempt to use the grievance system.").
Finally, the Court will look to Plaintiff's verified complaint to determine whether he has demonstrated exhaustion. See El Bey v. Roop, 530 F.3d 407, 414 (6th Cir. 2008) (stating that a "verified complaint . . . carries the same weight as would an affidavit for the purposes of summary judgment"); Williams v. Browman, 981 F.2d 901, 905 (6th Cir. 1992) (concluding that a prisoner's signed complaint with a statement declaring the truth of the allegations under penalty of perjury was sufficient to place controverted facts into issue). In his verified complaint, Plaintiff referenced grievances on one occasion when he stated, "I asked over an over face to face an in griveances to be moved but was always refused. They say cause I have a sex charge they cant move me into cell with others who dosent have sex charges afariad fights my occur . . . ." These generalized statements fail to demonstrate that Plaintiff filed a grievance related to his complaints of unsanitary conditions making him sick and of being held on suicide watch while naked.
The Court, therefore, concludes that Plaintiff has not established the existence of a disputed material factual element to defeat summary judgment. Because Plaintiff did not exhaust his available administrative remedies, his federal claims against Defendants are barred by the PLRA exhaustion requirement.
For the foregoing reasons, Defendants Jenkins and Logan County are entitled to summary judgment.
A separate Judgment will be entered.