KAREN L. HAYES, Magistrate Judge.
This matter is before the undersigned magistrate judge, on reference from the district court, pursuant to sua sponte jurisdictional review. See Nov. 30, 2015, Order [doc. # 6].
On September 28, 2015, Betty J. Clark filed the instant petition for damages in the 3
On October 30, 2015, defendants removed this matter to federal court on the basis of diversity jurisdiction, 28 U.S.C. § 1332. (Notice of Removal). On November 30, 2015, the court questioned whether the amount in controversy exceeded the jurisdictional minimum at the time of removal. (Nov. 30, 2015, Order [doc. # 6]). In so doing, the court accorded removing defendants fourteen days to file a memorandum, together with supporting evidence, sufficient to establish that the requisite jurisdictional amount was in controversy at the time of removal. Id. The court cautioned that if defendants failed to comply, or if subject matter jurisdiction was found to be lacking, then the matter would be remanded to state court. Id.
On December 10, 2015, defendants filed a memorandum in which they conceded that they had no additional information regarding plaintiff's damages other than the bare allegations in her petition. (Defs.' Memo. [doc. # 7]). Plaintiff did not file a response, and the time to do so has lapsed. See doc. # 6. Thus, the matter is ripe.
Federal law authorizes a defendant to remove to federal court "any civil action brought in a State court of which the district courts of the United States have original jurisdiction . . ." 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a). "The removing party bears the burden of showing that federal jurisdiction exists." De Aguilar v. Boeing Co., 47 F.3d 1404, 1408 (5th Cir. 1995) (citing Gaitor v. Peninsular & Occidental S.S. Co., 287 F.2d 252, 253-54 (5th Cir. 1961)). Because federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, a suit is presumed to lie outside this limited jurisdiction unless and until the party invoking federal jurisdiction establishes to the contrary. Howery v. Allstate Ins. Co., 243 F.3d 912, 916 (5th Cir. 2001) (citation omitted). To determine whether jurisdiction is present, courts consider "the claims in the state court petition as they existed at the time of removal." Manguno v. Prudential Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co., 276 F.3d 720, 723 (5th Cir. 2002) (citing Cavallini v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 44 F.3d 256, 264 (5th Cir. 1995)). "Any ambiguities are construed against removal because the removal statute should be strictly construed in favor of remand." Id. (citing Acuna v. Brown & Root, Inc., 200 F.3d 335, 339 (5th Cir. 2000)).
Here, defendants invoked this court's original jurisdiction, via diversity, which requires complete diversity of citizenship between the adverse parties and an amount in controversy greater than $75,000. 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). Pursuant to the Federal Courts Jurisdiction and Venue Clarification Act of 2011, the removal statute now specifies that
28 U.S.C. § 1446(c)(2)(A)(ii).
In Louisiana state court cases, plaintiffs are prohibited from alleging a monetary amount of damages in the petition. La. Code Civ. P. Art. 893 (as amended by Acts 2004, No. 334).
Here, the court has challenged defendants' amount in controversy allegation. In Dart Cherokee, the Supreme Court recently explained that, "[i]n such a case, both sides submit proof and the court decides, by a preponderance of the evidence, whether the amount-in-controversy requirement has been satisfied." Dart Cherokee, supra. In this case, neither side has submitted proof regarding amount in controversy. However, because "there is a presumption against subject matter jurisdiction that must be rebutted by the party bringing an action to federal court,"
In lieu of evidence, defendants rely on plaintiff's damages allegations to meet their burden of proof. Prior to Dart Cherokee, a removing defendant could satisfy its burden of supporting federal jurisdiction by establishing that it was "facially apparent" from the petition that the claims probably exceed $75,000. Felton v. Greyhound Lines, Inc., 324 F.3d 771, 774 (5th Cir. 2003); accord St. Paul Reinsurance Co. v. Greenberg, 134 F.3d 1250, 1254 (5th Cir. 1998). It is unclear, however, whether this alternative method of proof survives Dart Cherokee. See Statin v. Deutsche Bank Nat. Trust Co., 599 Fed. Appx. 545, 546 n.1 (5th Cir.2014) (noting the potential change wrought by Dart Cherokee); Akins v. Ace Am. Ins. Co., Civ Action No. 14-0653, 2015 WL 566678, at *2 (M.D. La. Feb. 10, 2015) (questioning whether the framework remains viable after Dart Cherokee).
Nonetheless, even if the "facially apparent" alternative survives Dart Cherokee, the court is not persuaded that it is satisfied in this case. As in Simon v. Wal-Mart, Inc., plaintiff has alleged, with little specificity, damages from less severe injuries; together with unidentified medical expenses; no specific types of medical treatment; and no allegations of disability. See Simon v. Wal-Mart, Inc., 193 F.3d 848 (5th Cir. 1999); compare Gebbia v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. 233 F.3d 880, 882-883 (5
For the foregoing reasons, the undersigned finds that removing defendants have not satisfied their burden of establishing federal subject matter jurisdiction. Howery, supra; 28 U.S.C. § 1332. Thus, remand is required. 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c).