R. STEVEN WHALEN, Magistrate Judge.
On July 11, 2014, Plaintiff Morris Weatherspoon, a prison inmate in the custody of the Michigan Department of Corrections ("MDOC"), filed a pro se civil complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging deliberate indifference to his serious medical conditions in violation of the Eighth Amendment. Before the Court is Defendant Rosilyn Jindal, P.A.'s
The events described in Plaintiff's complaint occurred while he was incarcerated at the Gus Harrison Correctional Facility in Adrian, Michigan. Plaintiff alleges that on September 11, 2013, Defendant Jindal disregarded his request for emergency medical care, subjecting him to mental and physical pain and suffering, in violation of the Eighth Amendment. Complaint [Doc. #1], ¶ 12. This is the only factual allegation against Defendant Jindal.
In ¶ 13 of his complaint, Plaintiff concedes that he did not file Step III grievances regarding the incidents that form the basis of his lawsuit. He states that he did not do so because he "was not sent a response stating that the grievance had been received or denied...."
Portions of Plaintiff's medical records are appended to Defendant Jindal's motion as Exhibit A (filed under seal). The notes pertaining to P.A. Jindal's examination of Plaintiff on September 11, 2013 are contained at pp. 18-20 of that exhibit. They show that P.A. Jindal obtained a medical history and noted Plaintiff's subjective complaints and symptoms regarding leg pain. She reviewed a previous x-ray of Plaintiff's femur, and opined that an elevation that was present might represent an old healed trauma. She conducted a physical examination, and ordered a complete bilateral x-ray of the lower spine, scheduling a follow-up appointment for about a week later. In terms of her assessment and plan, P.A. Jindal wrote:
P.A. Jindal has also submitted her affidavit as Exhibit B. Referring to the medical records contained in Exhibit A, she describes the x-ray evaluation of Plaintiff's femur that was done in August, 2012, prior to his arrival at the Gus Harrison Facility, in which the radiologist opined that the mass on the femur was likely the result of an old healed trauma wound, with a low likelihood that it was pathological. Jindal Affidavit, ¶ 6. In August of 2013, Plaintiff was on a regular schedule of Tylenol, which he received at the Gus Harrison Facility. Id. ¶ 7. On August 26, 2013, based on a review of Plaintiff's medical "kites" (requests), P.A. Jindal reviewed his chart and scheduled an appointment. She also reviewed treatment notes generated when he was seen by a registered nurse on August 27, 2013. The nurse had ordered ice compresses, heat applications, and an elastic bandage, as well as educating Plaintiff as to stretching and exercises for the lower back. Id. ¶¶ 11-12.
P.A. Jindal saw Plaintiff on September 11, 2013, and, based on her examination and review of his records, opined that the mass was likely exostosis. Id. ¶¶ 13-14. She states, "Exostosis is the formation of new bone bumps or cysts on the surface of bone due to excess calcium. Conservative treatment of the condition is to observe the growth over time to determine if it is growing or getting worse and managing any related pain with medication." Id. ¶ 14. Based on her diagnosis, she continued Plaintiff on Tylenol for pain, and in addition to what was provided from his previous examination, recommended that he purchase muscle rub at the prison commissary and use warm compresses. She also scheduled Plaintiff for a lumbar x-ray. Id. ¶ 15. However, Plaintiff was transferred to the Muskegon Correctional Facility the next day, after which, she states, "he was no longer my patient and I did not further see, evaluate[] or treat Weatherspoon for his leg complaints or any other medical condition." Id. ¶ 16. Based on the medical records contained at p. 28 of Exhibit A. P.A. Jindal states that Plaintiff received back and femur x-rays at Muskegon on October 9, 2013, and that the reviewing physician "diagnosed the small elevation of bone in Weatherspoon's femur as a benign lesion, such as exostosis or an old healed trauma." Id. ¶ 17. P.A. Jindal states that when she examined Plaintiff on September 11, "there was no indication that the mass on his leg posed an urgent or emergent medical condition. Rather, based upon my physical examination of Weatherspoon and review of his medical history, the mass on Weatherspoon's leg appeared to be a benign exostosis. This diagnosis is supported by Weatherspoon's subsequent x-ray results in October, 2013." Id. ¶ 18. She concludes:
Summary judgment is appropriate where "the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(c). To prevail on a motion for summary judgment, the non-moving party must show sufficient evidence to create a genuine issue of material fact. Klepper v. First American Bank, 916 F.2d 337, 341-42 (6
Once the moving party in a summary judgment motion identifies portions of the record which demonstrate the absence of a genuine dispute over material facts, the opposing party may not then "rely on the hope that the trier of fact will disbelieve the movant's denial of a disputed fact," but must make an affirmative evidentiary showing to defeat the motion. Street v. J.C. Bradford & Co., 886 F.2d 1472, 1479 (6th Cir. 1989). The non-moving party must identify specific facts in affidavits, depositions or other factual material showing "evidence on which the jury could reasonably find for the plaintiff." Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252 (emphasis added). If the non-moving party cannot meet that burden, summary judgment is proper. Celotex Corp., 477 U.S. at 322-23.
Under the Eighth Amendment, prison and jail officials may not act with deliberate indifference to the medical needs of their prisoners. Estelle, 429 U.S. at 103-104; 97 S.Ct. at 290-291. A deliberate indifference claim has two components, one objective and the other subjective. Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 834, 114 S.Ct. 1970, 1977, 128 L.Ed.2d 811 (1994); Comstock v. McCrary, 273 F.3d 693, 702 (6th Cir. 2001). Under the objective component, "the plaintiff must allege that the medical need at issue is `sufficiently serious.'" Id. Under the subjective component, "the plaintiff must allege facts which, if true, would show that the official being sued subjectively perceived facts from which to infer substantial risk to the prisoner, that he did in fact draw the inference, and that he then disregarded that risk." Id.
Deliberate indifference to medical needs may be established by showing an interruption of a prescribed plan of treatment, or a delay in medical treatment. Estelle v. Gamble, supra; Caldwell v. Moore, 968 F.2d 595, 602 (6
While it might be arguable whether Plaintiff's leg condition was "sufficiently serious" to meet the objective prong, it did apparently cause some pain, so for purposes of this discussion, I will assume that he has met that standard. However, his Eighth Amendment claim falters on the subjective standard.
Defendant P.A. Jindal saw the Plaintiff on only one occasion. She reviewed Plaintiff's medical history, performed a physical examination, reviewed a previous x-ray and notes from previous treatments, and diagnosed a benign, non-emergency condition. She continued Plaintiff on Tylenol for pain, and recommended continuation of treatment that had previously been suggested, e.g., warm compresses and muscle rub. She also ordered x-rays and scheduled a follow-up appointment, although Plaintiff's transfer to the Muskegon Facility the next day ended his treatment relationship with P.A. Jindal. Nevertheless, subsequent x-rays and examination at Muskegon confirmed her diagnosis. This cannot be considered the absence of treatment or the delay of treatment. To the contrary, P.A. Jindal exercised medical judgment in diagnosing the condition and providing treatment (and follow-up) that she considered medically indicated. Plaintiff has shown only that he disagrees with her decision not to refer him to a specialist. That is not enough to make out an Eighth Amendment claim. Smith v. Sator. And even if we were to posit that P.A. Jindal was somehow negligent in opting not to refer the Plaintiff, that too would be outside the purview of the Eighth Amendment. Sanderfer v. Nichols. Under these facts, no rational trier of fact could find in Plaintiff's favor. Defendant Jindal is entitled to summary judgment.
Finally, I note that Defendant alternatively seeks summary judgment on the basis that Plaintiff did not exhaust his administrative remedies prior to filing suit, as required by 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). She has a point. As I explained in a previous Report and Recommendation in this case [Doc. #46], Plaintiff conceded in his complaint that he did not exhaust all three steps of the MDOC grievance process, arguing that he was not required to do so because he did not receive a timely Step I response. I rejected that argument. And although Plaintiff now, inconsistently, contends that an administrative procedure was not "available" because prison authorities withheld grievance forms, it is not necessary to address the exhaustion argument. 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(c)(2) permits the Court to dismiss a complaint on the merits, notwithstanding the plaintiff's failure to exhaust, where it fails to state a claim on which relief can be granted. While this section literally describes the Rule 12(b)(6) standard, it has been applied equally to cases that cannot survive summary judgment. See Bowen v. Cady, 2010 WL 148843, fn. 2 (E.D. Mich. 2010)(Cohn, J.); Clark v. Caruso, 2010 WL 746417 (E.D. Mich. 2010)(Borman, J.); Williams v. Rogers, 2013 WL 5181115 (E.D. Mich. 2013)(Duggan, J.).
I recommend that Defendant Jindal's Motion for Summary Judgment [Doc. #100] be GRANTED, and that she be DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE.
Any objections to this Report and Recommendation must be filed within 14 days of service of a copy hereof as provided for in 28 U.S.C. §636(b)(1) and E.D. Mich. LR 72.1(d)(2). Failure to file specific objections constitutes a waiver of any further right of appeal. Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 106 S.Ct. 466, 88 L.Ed.2d 435 (1985); Howard v. Secretary of HHS, 932 F.2d 505 (6
Within 14 days of service of any objecting party's timely filed objections, the opposing party may file a response. The response shall be not more than 20 pages in length unless by motion and order such page limit is extended by the court. The response shall address specifically, and in the same order raised, each issue contained within the objections.