DAVID D. NOCE, Magistrate Judge.
This action is before the court on the motions of plaintiff CitiMortgage, Inc. for summary judgment as to the Group 2 Loans (Doc. 164) and the Group 3 Loans (Doc. 191).
On November 20, 2009, plaintiff CitiMortgage, Inc. commenced this breach of contract action against defendant Just Mortgage, Inc. (Doc. 1.) On August 2, 2010, CitiMortgage filed its first amended complaint. (Doc. 29.) In its first amended complaint, CitiMortgage alleges that Just Mortgage delivered twenty-seven loans that failed to conform to the terms of the parties' contract and, after demand by CitiMortgage, refused to cure or repurchase these loans, thereby breaching the contract. (
On January 24, 2012, the court heard oral argument on CitiMortgage's motion for summary judgment as to the Group 1 Loans. (Doc. 167.) On March 29, 2012, the court sustained CitiMortgage's motion for summary judgment as to the Group 1 Loans (Doc. 167) and sustained CitiMortgage's motion to exclude the opinions of defendant's expert, Thomas A. Myers (Doc. 75).
In opposing CitiMortgage's motion for summary judgment on the Group 1 Loans, Just Mortgage relied largely on the reports and deposition testimony of its expert, Thomas A. Myers. In his reports and deposition testimony, Myers made a number of legal conclusions concerning the parties' contract, namely, that (a) § 2(i) and § 11(ii) are inconsistent, create an ambiguity, and cannot be reasonably read as CitiMortgage proposed; and (b) CitiMortgage was not acting in good faith when it demanded that Just Mortgage cure or repurchase the loans. (Doc. 150.) CitiMortgage subsequently moved to exclude these opinions. (Doc. 167.) In its March 29 Order, the court sustained CitiMortgage's motion to exclude on the basis that the reports and deposition testimony were improper legal conclusions and concerned matters irrelevant to this breach of contract action. (Doc. 187 at 2-5.)
In addition, earlier in this litigation, Just Mortgage filed motions for judicial notice of (a) the testimony of Richard Bowen, former Senior Vice President and Business Chief Underwriter of CitiMortgage, Inc., concerning the frequency of foreclosures across the nation and CitiMortgage's knowledge of defective loans, that was given before the Congressional Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission; and (b) information contained in the Stipulation and Order of Settlement and Dismissal in
To the extent Just Mortgage relies on this evidence in opposing CitiMortgage's motions for summary judgment on the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans, in accordance with and for the reasons set forth in the court's March 29 Order (Doc. 187) and the court's May 11, 2012 Memorandum and Order denying Just Mortgage's motions for judicial notice (Doc. 202), this evidence is excluded and will not be considered by the court when adjudicating the Group 2 and Group 3 Loan motions for summary judgment.
CitiMortgage moves for summary judgment on the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans, arguing that each of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans contained inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and related defects; and that it was thus entitled to demand that Just Mortgage cure or repurchase these loans pursuant to § 11 of the contract. CitiMortgage also argues that Just Mortgage's subsequent failure to cure or repurchase these loans was a breach of the contract. (Docs. 164, 165, 191, 192.)
Just Mortgage responds that §§ 2(i), 10, and 11(ii) of Form 200 and § 2202 of the CMI Manual
CitiMortgage replies that there is no ambiguity concerning § 11(i), (iv), or (v), and that Just Mortgage does not dispute that CitiMortgage had the right to demand cure or repurchase of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans under these provisions, independent of § 11(ii). CitiMortgage also argues that §§ 2(i), 10, and 11(ii) of Form 200 and § 2202 of the CMI Manual are not ambiguous or conflicting because they serve different functions in the contract. CitiMortgage further argues that its repurchase demands were made in good faith; that the contract is not unconscionable; and that Just Mortgage should not be excused from its contractual obligations by any alleged unilateral mistake of fact. (Docs. 206, 210.)
In its March 29 Order, the court set forth the relevant background facts detailing CitiMortgage's loan purchasing program (Program) and the parties' contractual relationship. The court adopts and incorporates those facts insofar as they are relevant and applicable to the pending motions for summary judgment on the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans.
The court sets forth the additional undisputed facts relevant to the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans, below.
Of the 3,587 loans Just Mortgage has sold to CitiMortgage under the parties' agreement (Agreement)
On September 21, 2007, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Amaya Loan #XXXXX7094, for residential property located at 9436 Waterford Drive, Manassas, VA 20110. (
On February 27, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Calvillo Loan #XXXXX5200, for residential property located at 2855 Sonora Place, Riverside, CA 92504. (
On March 24, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Corona Loan #XXXXX8423, for residential property located at 18438 East Citrus Edge Street, Azusa, CA 91702. (
On April 11, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Guiterrez Loan #XXXXX4703, for residential property located at 45 Maleena Mesa Street, 1817 Building 18, Henderson, NV 89074. (
On April 25, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Owen Loan #XXXXX3726, for residential property located at 219 Westlake Drive, San Marcos, CA 92869. (
On May 1, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Hernandez Loan #XXXXX8430, for residential property located at 45 Maleena Mesa Street, 1624, Henderson, NV 89074. (
On June 25, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Latief Loan #XXXXX1191, for residential property located at 111 36 178th Street, Jamaica, NY 11433. (
On September 29, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Castro Loan #XXXXX6064, for residential property located at 1627 East 53rd Street, Los Angeles, CA 90011. (
On October 29, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the De La Rosa Loan #XXXXX1148, for residential property located at 14608 McGee Drive, Whittier, CA 90604. (
On October 31, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Alraqeeb Loan #XXXXX4023, for residential property located at 12582 88 Adelphia Avenue San Fernando Area, Los Angeles, CA 91340. (
After purchasing the Group 2 Loans from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage became aware of facts indicating that information related to the borrowers' incomes and employment histories in the Group 2 Loan application packages were misrepresented or materially inaccurate, or indicating that the Group 2 Loans were otherwise defective under the terms of the Agreement. (
After purchasing the Alraqeeb Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the mortgage insurance on the loan had been rescinded. (
After purchasing the Amaya Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's employment status. (
CitiMortgage also discovered that the loan application package for the Amaya Loan misrepresented the borrower's income. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Amaya Loan from Freddie Mac. (
After purchasing the Calvillo Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's income. (
CitiMortgage also discovered that the loan application package for the Calvillo Loan misrepresented that the borrower would occupy the property as a primary residence. (
The mortgage insurance on the Calvillo Loan was also rescinded. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Calvillo Loan from Fannie Mae. (
After purchasing the Castro Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage was required to repurchase it from Freddie Mac because the loan application package failed to include documents that verified the borrower's assets and misrepresented that the borrowers would occupy the property as a primary residence. (
After purchasing the Corona Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage was required to repurchase it from Fannie Mae.
After purchasing the De La Rosa Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the De La Rosa loan application package misrepresented the borrower's employment status.
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the De La Rosa Loan from Fannie Mae.
After purchasing the Gutierrez Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage was required to repurchase it from Fannie Mae.
After purchasing the Hernandez Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the seller contributions for the loan exceeded the applicable guidelines. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Hernandez Loan from Fannie Mae. (
After purchasing the Latief Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's debts by failing to disclose at least two additional mortgages. (
CitiMortgage also discovered that the loan application package for the Latief Loan failed to include required documentation verifying that the borrower had sufficient funds to close the loan. (
CitiMortgage further discovered that the loan application package for the Latief Loan failed to include a copy of the final title insurance policy. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Latief Loan from Freddie Mac. (
After purchasing the Owen Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's debts by failing to disclose at least two additional mortgages. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Owen Loan from Freddie Mac. (
A borrower, or someone on behalf of the borrower, must complete a Form 1003 when applying for a residential mortgage loan. (
CitiMortgage found that the inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and other defects in the Group 2 Loans were defects material to the origination and underwriting decisions for each of the Group 2 Loans. (Doc. 166 at ¶ 62.) Failure to disclose the borrower's liabilities and to ensure the borrower's loan complies with the Agreement renders the borrower's debt-to-income ratio inaccurate and misleading to CitiMortgage. (
Based on the information obtained by CitiMortgage concerning the inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and other defects in the Group 2 Loans, CitiMortgage, in its sole and exclusive discretion, determined that the Group 2 Loans were underwritten and/or originated based on materially inaccurate information, material misrepresentations, or were otherwise in violation of the Agreement. (
CitiMortgage sent written notices to Just Mortgage advising of the defects in the Group 2 Loans and demanding that Just Mortgage cure the defects or repurchase the Group 2 Loans pursuant to the Agreement (Group 2 Demand Letters). (
As a result, CitiMortgage issued final notices to Just Mortgage demanding that Just Mortgage repurchase the Group 2 Loans (Group 2 Loans Repurchase Letters). (
Based on the application of the Repurchase Price formula found in the CMI Manual,
(
Of the 3,587 loans Just Mortgage has sold to CitiMortgage under the parties' agreement (Agreement) since 2006, seven compose the Group 3 Loans: (1) Grisales Loan #XXXXX1461; (2) Kwon Loan #XXXXX8730; (3) Mahinan Loan #XXXXX7120; (4) Nieto Loan #XXXXX6392;
On September 11, 2007, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Kwon Loan #XXXXX8730, for residential property located at 15160 West Riviera Drive, Surprise, AZ 85379. (
On December 29, 2007, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Rajkumar Loan #XXXXX4551, for residential property located at 3025 Greystone Loop 102, Kissimmee FL 34741. (
On January 28, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Grisales Loan #XXXXX1461, for residential property located at 3300 NE 192 Street, Unit #411, Miami FL 33180. (
On February 8, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Mahinan Loan #XXXXX7120, for residential property located at 45 Maleena Mesa St. Bldg. 15, Unit #1515, Henderson NV 89074. (
On February 15, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Nieto Loan #XXXXX6392, for residential property located at 4831 East Colorado Avenue, Las Vegas NV 89104. (
On February 29, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Shin Loan #XXXXX6205, for residential property located at 2201 Nolita Court, Nolansvillle, TN 37135. (
On April 14, 2008, CitiMortgage purchased from Just Mortgage the Rodriguez Loan #XXXXX9728, for residential property located at 3472 Broadmoor Blvd., San Bernadino CA 92404. (
After purchasing the Group 3 Loans from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage became aware of facts indicating that information related to the borrowers' incomes and employment histories in the Group 3 Loan application packages was misrepresented or materially inaccurate, or that the Group 3 Loans were otherwise defective under the terms of the Agreement. (
After purchasing the Grisales Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the Grisales Loan was funded by excessive seller contributions in violation of applicable guidelines. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Grisales loan from Fannie Mae. (
After purchasing the Kwon Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's income. (
After purchasing the Mahinan Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the Mahinan Loan was funded by excessive seller contributions in violation of the applicable guidelines. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Mahinan Loan from Fannie Mae. (
After purchasing the Nieto Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's income. (
After purchasing the Rajkumar Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the loan application package misrepresented the borrower's debts and obligations by failing to disclose two additional mortgages that opened prior to the subject loan. (
After purchasing the Rodriguez Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that there was identity fraud in connection with the loan application package. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Rodriguez Loan from Fannie Mae. (
After purchasing the Shin Loan from Just Mortgage, CitiMortgage discovered that the mortgage insurance obtained was insufficient under applicable guidelines. (
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Shin Loan from Fannie Mae. (
Each of the Group 3 Loans had a corresponding Form 1003. (Doc. 193 at ¶ 52; Doc. 193-11.)
CitiMortgage found that the inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and other defects in the Group 3 Loans were defects material to the origination and underwriting decisions for each of the Group 3 Loans. (Doc. 193 at ¶ 46.) Failure to disclose the borrower's liabilities and to ensure that the borrower's loan complies with the Agreement renders the borrower's debt-to-income ratio inaccurate and misleading to CitiMortgage. (
Based on the information obtained by CitiMortgage concerning the inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and other defects in the Group 3 Loans, CitiMortgage, in its sole and exclusive discretion, determined that the Group 3 Loans were underwritten and/or originated based on materially inaccurate information, material misrepresentations, or were otherwise in violation of the Agreement. (
CitiMortgage sent written notices to Just Mortgage advising of the defects in the Group 3 Loans and demanding that Just Mortgage cure the defects or repurchase the Group 3 Loans pursuant to the Agreement (Group 3 Demand Letters). (
As a result, CitiMortgage issued final notices to Just Mortgage demanding that Just Mortgage repurchase the Group 3 Loans (Group 3 Loans Repurchase Letters). (
Based on the application of the Repurchase Price formula found in the CMI Manual,
(
Summary judgment must be granted when the pleadings and proffer of evidence demonstrate that no genuine issue of material fact exists and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c);
Initially, the moving party must demonstrate the absence of an issue for trial.
As stated in the court's March 29 Order, Missouri law governs the Agreement. (Doc. 187 at 19.) Under Missouri law, a plaintiff must establish four elements to prevail on a breach of contract claim: (1) the existence of a valid contract; (2) the defendant's obligation under the contract; (3) a breach by the defendant of that obligation; and (4) resulting damages.
As to the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans, as was with the Group 1 Loans, Just Mortgage does not dispute: (a) the existence of a valid contract with CitiMortgage, namely, the Agreement, which sets forth the terms and conditions governing the sale of mortgage loans by Just Mortgage to CitiMortgage under the Program; (b) that under the Agreement, CitiMortgage had the ability to "exercise its sole and exclusive discretion" to determine whether the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans were defective; (c) that, for one or more reasons, each of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans was defective; or (d) CitiMortgage's damages calculations.
Instead, as with the Group 1 Loans, Just Mortgage argues that certain affirmative defenses shield it from liability.
(Docs. 175, 198.)
In the March 29 Order, the court addressed each of these arguments in the context of the Group 1 Loans and held that these arguments were without merit. (Doc. 187 at 20-28.)
Just Mortgage has not presented any new argument or additional evidence that would alter the court's March 29 legal conclusions or that would distinguish treatment of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans from the Group 1 Loans.
Moreover, as set forth below, Just Mortgage do not dispute that CitiMortgage was entitled to demand cure or repurchase of each of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans under at least one
As to the Alraqeeb and Calvillo Loans, the mortgage insurance, which was required to be maintained under the terms of the Agreement, was rescinded. (Doc. 166 at ¶¶ 33, 41.) Thus, CitiMortgage's demand that Just Mortgage cure or repurchase these loans was proper under § 11(i).
As to the Amaya, Calvillo, Corona, Latief, Owen, Kwon, Nieto,
CitiMortgage was required to repurchase the Amaya, Calvillo, Castro, Corona, De La Rosa, Gutierrez, Hernandez, Latief, Owen, Grisales, Mahinan,
As stated above, for the reasons set forth in the court's March 29 Order, Just Mortgage's asserted affirmative defenses are without merit. To the extent Just Mortgage raises challenges to the court's March 29 Order, these challenges remain without merit.
As discussed above, CitiMortgage has met its prima facie burden as to each of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans, namely, that it was entitled to demand cure or repurchase of each of the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans under various provisions of the Agreement. Because Just Mortgage's asserted affirmative defenses fail, CitiMortgage is entitled to summary judgment on the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans.
Therefore,
As the court explained in its March 29 Order, these arguments do not create issues of material fact concerning the existence of defects in the Group 2 and Group 3 Loans. Therefore, the facts regarding Group 2 and Group 3 Loan defects are treated as undisputed for purposes of the instant motions for summary judgment, insofar as they are contested only on these grounds.
(Doc. 187 at 22 n.20.)
The court rejects Just Mortgage's argument that §§ 2(i), 10, 11(ii), and 2202, when read together, are ambiguous and conflicting.
Regardless, as the court did in its March 29 Order, the court again holds that § 11(ii) neither conflicts with, nor creates an ambiguity when read with, other provisions of the Agreement, namely, §§ 2(i), 10, and 2202; CitiMortgage's demands were also authorized under § 11(ii).