ORTRIE D. SMITH, Senior District Judge.
Pending is Movant's application for postconviction relief pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255. The Court denies the motion and also declines to issue a Certificate of Appealability.
Movant was indicted in May 2010 on one count of distributing child pornography, one count of receiving child pornography, and one count of possessing child pornography. The Indictment also included a forfeiture allegation, which sought the forfeiture of computer equipment Movant used to download and view the child pornography. In August 2011 Movant and the Government entered a written Plea Agreement, pursuant to which Movant plead guilty to Count II and the forfeiture allegations and the Government agreed to dismiss Counts I and III. The Plea Agreement includes not only Plaintiff's agreement to plead guilty to the charge of receiving child pornography, but also includes factual allegations supporting the charge and his plea. Among the agreed factual allegations is Plaintiff's admission to the investigating law enforcement officers that he "curiously download[ed] images of child porn" and his description of some of those images and movies. The Plea Agreement also included the parties' preliminary Sentencing Guideline
This would have resulted in a total offense level of 27. However, as a matter of law the parties' agreement regarding guideline calculations was not binding on the Court — a circumstance that was specifically mentioned in the Plea Agreement and that was also addressed during the Change of Plea Hearing.
The Presentence Investigation Report ("PSR") also started with a Base Offense Level of 22 and the four adjustments addressed in the Plea Agreement. In addition, the PSR included the following two adjustments:
These adjustments resulted in a total offense level of 36; when combined with Movant's Criminal History Category of III, the Sentencing Guidelines recommended a sentence between 235 to 240 months.
On April 26, 2012 Movant's counsel filed a sentencing memorandum contending, inter alia, Movant did not have the requisite knowledge for the five level enhancement but conceded, however, that Movant "was knowledgeable regarding downloading off of the peer-to-peer program to his computer." Counsel then represented the parties had agreed that Movant should receive a two level enhancement pursuant to section 2G2.2(b)(3)(F), which applies to any method of distribution other than those methods specifically mentioned in section 2G2.2(b)(3). This resulted in an agreed offense level of 33 — more than the offense level of 27 contemplated by the parties, but less than the offense level of 36 suggested by the PSR.
During the sentencing hearing the parties further addressed the fact that the two level enhancement was a compromise. The Government represented that forensic analysis confirmed that Plaintiff's use of peer-to-peer file sharing software had allowed others to access his computer and obtain images of child pornography, but that analysis could not prove Movant specifically knew that such sharing occurred at the time it occurred. Movant's counsel confirmed that there was no dispute that sharing occurred. Sentencing Tr. at 2-3. The Court accepted the parties' agreement. The resulting recommended guideline range was 168 to 210 months, and Movant was sentenced to 180 months imprisonment.
Movant contends his counsel was ineffective for failing to contest the application of the two level enhancement under section 2G2.2(b)(3)(F). He contends (1) he did not actually distribute any pornographic images and (2) if he did, he did not know that he did. The Government argues Movant suffered no prejudice because there was no dispute that Movant used a peer-to-peer file sharing program that actually distributed child pornography to others and that there is no evidence demonstrating that he was ignorant of this fact.
A claim of ineffective assistance of counsel is governed by the standard set forth in
The representation was made — and agreed to — that a forensic analysis of Movant's computer demonstrated that a file sharing program was installed and used on Movant's computer. Even now Movant does not dispute this fact. The representation was also made — and agreed to — that the file sharing program was used to cause the distribution of child pornography from Movant's computer to others' computers. That distribution occurred is unsurprising, given that this is precisely how a file sharing program is designed to work. Movant installed and utilized a file sharing program, so he bears a heavy burden of demonstrating that (1) distribution did not occur and (2) that he did not know that it would occur. As the Eighth Circuit has explained: "the purpose of a file sharing program is to share, in other words, to distribute. Absent concrete evidence of ignorance — evidence that is needed because ignorance is entirely counterintuitive — a fact-finder may reasonably infer that the defendant knowingly employed a file sharing program for its intended purpose."
In order to appeal, Petitioner must first obtain a Certificate of Appealability. The Court customarily issues an Order addressing the Certificate of Appealability contemporaneously with the order on the Petition because the issues are fresh in the Court's mind and efficiency is promoted.
The Court does not believe that reasonable jurists could debate whether Movant was denied effective assistance of counsel, nor does the Court believe further proceedings should be encouraged. The Court declines to issue a Certificate of Appealability.
IT IS SO ORDERED.