COLEMAN, Justice, for the Court:
¶ 1. After filing for a no-fault divorce in Washington County Chancery Court, Perry and Iretha Collins asked the court to decide the questions of alimony, child support, attorney's fees, and the division of marital assets. Dissatisfied with the chancellor's decision, Perry appealed to the Court of Appeals, which affirmed the judgment of the trial court. Perry then petitioned the Court for certiorari and presented four issues; we granted certiorari to consider two issues: (1) the calculation of Perry's gross income for purposes of determining child support and (2) the designation of marital property. Finding that the Court of Appeals erred in affirming the trial court's decision regarding both issues, we affirm in part and reverse and remand in part.
¶ 2. Perry and Iretha Collins were married in 1991 and filed for divorce in 2005. The marriage produced a daughter, Jermylia. During the course of the marriage, the Collinses owned and operated three businesses: (1) Collins Realty, which owned and operated eight rental units; (2) Collins Heating and Air, run by Perry; and (3) Abundance of Life child care center, run by Iretha. After their separation in 2006, Iretha and Jermylia moved into an apartment, and Perry maintained possession of the marital home. Although the couple amicably divided their personalty and agreed upon a custodial arrangement for Jermylia, the Collinses submitted four questions for the chancellor to consider: (1) division of marital assets and debts, (2) alimony, (3) child support, and (4) attorney's fees.
¶ 4. At the conclusion of the trial, the chancellor awarded the marital home and building used for the heating and air conditioning business to Perry and awarded the building used for the daycare, the rental units, and a portion of Perry's annuity to Iretha. The court further ordered that Perry pay Iretha $1,300 per month in child support. The court did not award any alimony or attorneys' fees to either party.
¶ 5. Perry appealed the court's decision claiming the chancellor erred in her calculation both of Perry's adjusted gross income for determining child support payments and the proper designation of property. The Court of Appeals affirmed all of the findings of the chancellor except for one component of her income computation related to income from rental properties awarded to Iretha as part of the Final Judgment. The Court of Appeals, however, found this error harmless.
¶ 6. The Court of Appeals correctly affirmed the chancellor's judgment as to the questions of the marital debt and the division of the marital property. Accordingly, we grant certiorari as to the first and fourth issues only.
¶ 7. We give a chancellor's determinations in an irreconcilable differences divorce substantial deference and will not disturb them as long as the findings are "supported by substantial evidence unless the chancellor abused his discretion, was manifestly wrong, clearly erroneous[,] or an erroneous legal standard was applied." Sanderson v. Sanderson, 824 So.2d 623, 625-26 (¶ 8) (Miss.2002) (quoting Kilpatrick v. Kilpatrick, 732 So.2d 876, 880 (¶ 13) (Miss.1999)).
¶ 8. Particularly in the areas of divorce and child support, this Court must respect a chancellor's findings of fact when they are supported by credible evidence and not manifestly wrong. Wheat v. Wheat, 37 So.3d 632, 636 (¶ 11) (Miss.2010) (citing R.K. v. J.K., 946 So.2d 764 (¶ 17) (Miss.2007)). Manifest error is that error which is unmistakable, clear, plain, or indisputable. Magee v. Magee, 661 So.2d 1117, 1122 (Miss.1995).
¶ 9. Regarding the distribution of property, Perry complains that the chancellor did not consider the May 8, 2007, temporary support order to mark the point of demarcation for the purpose of ending the time period during which accrued assets were to be considered marital, rather than separate, property.
¶ 10. In Selman v. Selman, 722 So.2d 547 (Miss.1998), the wife had a retirement fund, and the chancellor awarded the husband half its value even though the fund did not begin to accrue until after the husband had vacated the marital home. Id. at 553 (¶ 22). When including the fund in the marital assets, "the chancellor stated only that `[t]he law says that until they are divorced, everything is on the table.'" Id. Applying the well-settled manifest error standard of review, id. at 551 (¶ 12), the Selman Court reversed the chancellor's ruling and wrote, "while the marriage had not legally terminated, the relationship out of which equitable distribution arises had ended some months earlier." Id. at 553 (¶ 25).
¶ 11. A temporary order may be considered by the chancellor to be a line of demarcation between marital and separate property, Cuccia v. Cuccia, 90 So.3d 1228, 1233 (¶ 8) (Miss 2012); see also Wheat v. Wheat, 37 So.3d 632, 637-38 (¶¶ 16-18) (Miss.2010) (recognizing, in dicta, that a temporary support order can indicate the demarcation point), but we have never held that it must. However, in Pittman v. Pittman, 791 So.2d 857 (Miss.Ct.App.2001), the Mississippi Court of Appeals held, "[T]he temporary support order serves the same purposes as a separate maintenance order and that property accumulated thereafter is separate property." Id. at 864 (¶ 19). In so writing, the Pittman Court created the impression that Mississippi now has established a rule that temporary orders always and in every case provide the mark of demarcation. Temporary support orders vary. They may include issues such as which spouse controls the marital home, automobiles, and bank accounts, or they may simply, as in the case sub judice, provide only for temporary custody and support of a minor child. Because of the degree of variance in temporary orders and the particularities of every marital dissolution, we reaffirm our holding in Lowrey and hold that it is necessary that a chancellor maintain discretion to decide in each instance whether a temporary order is the proper line of demarcation. To the extent that the Pittman opinion can be read to create a rule that a temporary support order necessarily and always indicates the point of demarcation, we overrule it.
¶ 12. In the case sub judice, the chancellor did not explicitly state what date she chose as the date of demarcation, but from the substance of the opinion, it is clear she chose the date of the divorce. In their briefs, the parties accept that the chancellor used the date of the divorce as the point of demarcation. The temporary support order in the instant case dealt only with child custody and temporary child support. It did not go so far toward separating the parties' several jointly-held assets that we would hold the chancellor abused her discretion in not finding it to be the point of demarcation.
¶ 13. However, the Cuccia Court noted that the chancellor must set out the specific date used as the line of demarcation and remanded the case partly for the chancellor's failure to do so. Cuccia, 90 So.3d at 1233 (¶ 11). The chancellor did not do so here, but, as noted above, the parties do not dispute the issue. We take the instant opportunity to write that had the issue been disputed, or had the chancellor's order been ambiguous as to the demarcation date used, we would have remanded the case as did the Cuccio Court. We reiterate here that chancellors should
¶ 14. Perry asserts that the award of $1,300 per month in child support is manifest error for two reasons: (1) the chancellor arbitrarily determined the assets of Perry's business simply by dividing in half the dollar amount of deposits made in the company's bank account for one year and declared one half to be assets and designated the other as overhead and expenses; (2) the chancellor added Perry's future revenue from the rental properties as part of his gross income after she awarded the rental units to Iretha in the Final Judgment.
¶ 15. During 2009 Perry deposited a total of $188,919.51 into the heating and air conditioning business account. The chancellor stated that, due to the admittedly incorrect information provided in Perry's 8.05 form, it was difficult to determine his adjusted gross income. Further, the chancellor found Perry's testimony that the overhead of the business was $300,000 to be "simply not credible." As a result, the chancellor split the deposited dollar amount in half and declared one half of the deposits ($94,459.75) to be Perry's annual income from the business. While we agree that the 8.05 form was lacking, the chancellor ignored other evidence regarding the assets of the business.
¶ 16. We recognize that the findings of a chancellor in determining child support presents questions of fact that we are loath to disturb, but such disturbance is required when not substantiated by the evidence. "[A] chancellor's findings of fact will only be reversed when the record possesses no credible evidence to support them." Hensarling v. Hensarling, 824 So.2d 583, 586 (¶ 7) (Miss.2002). The Court of Appeals incorrectly stated that Perry had provided no evidence beyond his 8.05 form to substantiate his claims. Perry provided to the court the business's bank records for 2009. These documents, correctly used by the chancellor to determine the amount of deposits made during the year, further show that the cost of supplies, salary, and other overhead resulted in Perry's income from the business being nowhere near the $94,459.75 determined by the chancellor.
¶ 17. The chancellor's concern with the document is justified. In fact, we have stated that failure to comply with Rule 8.05 constitutes a fraud on the court. See Trim v. Trim, 33 So.3d 471 (Miss. 2010). However, if the chancellor makes such a finding, the appropriate remedy for such behavior is to hold Perry in contempt and enter appropriate sanctions — not to punish him by disregarding any other credible evidence provided by him to the court. See Uniform Chancery Court Rule 8.05 ("The failure to observe this rule, without just cause, shall constitute contempt of Court for which the Court shall impose appropriate sanctions and penalties"). Rule 8.05 allows evidentiary discovery in addition to the disclosure. Id. In short, errors or omissions in the form do not preclude consideration of other evidence presented to the chancellor. We therefore find that the chancellor was manifestly wrong when she arbitrarily determined Perry's monthly income to the exclusion of the undisputed evidence he provided.
¶ 18. A chancellor may determine gross income for child support payments from all sources "... that may reasonably be expected to be available to the
¶ 19. Tangential to these two errors in the calculation of Perry's income is the application of Section 43-19-101(4). In pertinent part, the statute requires the court to determine if the guidelines provided in the statute to assist the chancellor in determining gross income are "reasonable" in cases where the adjusted gross income is more than $50,000.
¶ 20. Although we find no error in the chancellor's division of marital property or debt, we do find that credible evidence related to Perry's heating and air conditioning business was ignored. Additionally, any future revenue from the rental properties awarded to Iretha by the court's Final Judgment should not have been included in the determination of Perry's adjusted gross income. We further find that these errors rise to the level of abuse of discretion on the part of the chancellor and remand the case for a new calculation of Perry's income. Therefore, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed in part, reversed in part, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. The judgment of the Court of Appeals is likewise affirmed in part and reversed in part.
¶ 21.
WALLER, C.J., DICKINSON AND RANDOLPH, P.JJ., LAMAR,