DEBRA M. BROWN, District Judge.
Before the Court is the post-judgment motion for the determination of attorney's fees and expenses filed by Plaintiff MGM Resorts Mississippi, Inc. d/b/a Gold Strike Casino & Resort ("Gold Strike").
Gold Strike sued ThyssenKrupp Elevator Corporation ("ThyssenKrupp") seeking a determination that under a contract executed by the parties governing elevator maintenance ("Elevator Maintenance Agreement"), ThyssenKrupp had a duty to defend and indemnify it in an underlying Mississippi state court action, namely, Brasel v. MGM Resorts Miss., Inc.
In the present motion, filed pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 54(d)(2) and the Elevator Maintenance Agreement,
Gold Strike supports its motion with the sworn "lodestar" affidavit of its attorney of record, who authenticates the attachments to the motion and offers details about the reasonableness of the fees and expenses sought by Gold Strike. Doc. #41-3. The motion's attachments include the Elevator Maintenance Agreement and Gold Strike's attorney's biography and billing statements. Doc. #41-1 to -2; Doc. #41-4 to -11. Attached to its rebuttal, Gold Strike offers the sworn affidavit of another attorney in this district regarding the reasonableness of Gold Strike's fees and expenses, along with information about his qualifications, education and experience, and an inflation calculator. Doc. #44-1 to -3.
ThyssenKrupp filed an opposition in response, along with two exhibits: (1) Exhibit A, a chart comparing Gold Strike's billing statements to its own; and (2) Exhibit B, all of its counsel's billing statements from both this proceeding and the underlying state action. Doc. #42; Doc. #42-1; Doc. #42-2.
"In this diversity case, where Mississippi law supplies the rule of decision, `[s]tate law controls both the award of and the reasonableness of fees awarded.'" Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Qore, Inc., 647 F.3d 237, 242 (5th Cir. 2011) (quoting Mathis v. Exxon Corp., 302 F.3d 448, 461 (5th Cir. 2002)); see Shelak v. White Motor Co., 636 F.2d 1069, 1072 (5th Cir. 1981); Carl E. Woodward, LLC v. Acceptance Indem. Ins. Co., No. 1:09CV781-HSO-RHW, 2012 WL 1574936, at *5 (S.D. Miss. May 3, 2012). "It is well settled in [Mississippi] that what constitutes a reasonable attorney's fee rests within the sound discretion of the trial court and any testimony by attorneys with respect to such fee is purely advisory and not binding on the trial court." Mauck v. Columbus Hotel Co., 741 So.2d 259, 269 (Miss. 1999) (quoting Gilchrist Tractor Co. v. Stribling, 192 So.2d 409, 418 (Miss. 1966)).
"When calculating attorneys' fees, a court first calculates a "lodestar" fee by multiplying the reasonable number of hours expended on the case by the reasonable hourly rates for the participating lawyers." Carl E. Woodward, LLC, 2012 WL 1574936, at *5 (citing Tupelo Redevelopment Agency, 972 So. 2d at 521-22). A court should then consider whether the lodestar figure should be adjusted upward or downward depending upon the circumstances of the case. Id. In making this assessment, a court must "consider the eight factors enumerated in Rule 1.5 of the Mississippi Rules of Professional Conduct."
Miss. R. Prof. Conduct 1.5(a).
Gold Strike's lead counsel, Scott Burnham Hollis, submitted a sworn affidavit and 293 pages of detailed billing records, reflecting that he and his associate and legal assistant spent a total of 367.4 hours in the underlying lawsuit and 260.2 hours in the instant declaratory judgment action. Doc. ##41-3 to -11. Hollis indicates a fee of $245.00 per hour for himself as a partner in his firm and lead counsel, $165.00 per hour for his associate, Robert T. Jolly, and $90.00 per hour for his legal assistant, Stephanie Dale. Doc. #41-3. In Brasel, Hollis and his team billed the following hours:
Id. at ¶ 10. In the instant case, they billed:
Id. at ¶ 12 (footnote added).
At the time the affidavit was prepared, Hollis had been engaged in the active practice of law for 16 years, "primarily . . . represent[ing] . . . casinos in litigated matters." Doc. #41-3 at ¶ 4. During that time, he accumulated several honors, including an AV rating by Martindale-Hubble and listings in The Best Lawyers in America and Mid-South Super Lawyers. Id; Doc. #41-2. Based on this experience, Hollis states that the rates charged by his legal team are "reasonable and customary for the work necessary in these matters," and are in line with the "usual and reasonable rates in Mississippi for lawyers and legal assistants of equivalent experience and expertise." Doc. #41-3 at ¶ 7.
Gold Strike also submitted the affidavit of a local practitioner, Wilton V. Byars, III, who has actively practiced law in this district since 1995.
ThyssenKrupp challenges the reasonableness of the number of hours billed in this declaratory judgment action and the hourly rates charged in both actions.
"With respect to the billing in this declaratory judgment action," ThyssenKrupp argues that many of the billing entries submitted by Hollis and his team "are vague" and contain "vague descriptions."
The Court finds that, as argued by ThyssenKrupp, Gold Strike's billing entries related to summary judgment in this proceeding are somewhat vague. In a case based on federal question jurisdiction, where substantive federal law would apply to the issue of attorney fees, this would likely necessitate a percentage fee reduction. See Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. Kellstrom, 50 F.3d 319, 324 (5th Cir. 1995) (collecting cases for the proposition that "a district court may reduce the number of hours awarded if the documentation is vague or incomplete"). However, under Mississippi law, billing statements are not always required. See Collins, 59 So. 3d at 593-94 (affirming attorney fee award after noting that party had "cite[d] no authority for her proposition that the defendants' attorneys were required to submit their actual billing statements"). Indeed,
Miss. Code. Ann. § 9-1-41 (2015) (emphasis added); Philips Med. Capital, LLC v. P & L Contracting, Inc., No. 2:10-CV-00092-DAS, 2012 WL 860324, at *4 (N.D. Miss. Mar. 13, 2012) (applying Miss. Code. Ann. § 9-1-41).
The Court's observation in this matter is sufficient to cure any vagueness that may exist in Gold Strike's billing statements related to summary judgment. See Theobald v. Nosser, 784 So.2d 142, 147 (Miss. 2001) ("the evidence put forth . . . could be considered by the chancery court in its determinations, but the court was still entitled to use its own experience and observation in making the final determination as to what fees were appropriate."). Having reviewed both parties' motions and all filings in this proceeding, the Court is uniquely positioned to determine if the time billed is excessive. The Court finds—based on its experience, observations, and the unimpeached, unrebutted sworn affidavits of Hollis and Byars—that the time billed by Gold Strike in pursuit of the declaratory judgment, including the time billed pursuing summary judgment, was neither excessive nor unreasonable.
ThyssenKrupp also attempts to use its counsel's billing records to establish the factual predicate to attack the reasonableness of Gold Strike's fee request. Relying on the number of hours its own attorneys billed in this case, ThyssenKrupp argues that Gold Strike's attorneys "billed . . . substantially more [hours] than [ThyssenKrupp's attorneys] for very similar tasks." Doc. #42 at 3-4. ThyssenKrupp has not cited any authority suggesting that such a comparison would assist the Court in determining the reasonableness of Gold Strike's fee request. And, the Court has found only persuasive authority indicating that it may exercise its discretion in considering such evidence. See Marks Constr. Co. v. Huntington Nat'l Bank, No. CIV.A. 1:05CV73, 2010 WL 1836785, at *4 (N.D. W. Va. May 5, 2010) ("[T]he decision of whether a comparison of opposing counsel's time records and resulting fees would aid in the determination of the reasonableness of requested attorneys' fees is solely within the court's discretion.") (citation omitted). In order for ThyssenKrupp's billing records to aid in the determination of the reasonableness of Gold Strike's requested attorney's fees, the Court would first have to determine whether ThyssenKrupp's billings were reasonable. The mere fact that a losing party's counsel billed a certain number of hours at a certain rate does not automatically provide insight into the reasonableness of such billings and, without more, offers very little, if any, insight regarding the reasonableness of the fees sought by the prevailing party. Because ThyssenKrupp fails to offer anything more in this regard, a comparison of fees in this case is not warranted.
ThyssenKrupp's remaining arguments concern the reasonableness of the hourly rates charged by Gold Strike's legal team. Doc. #42 at 7-10.
First, ThyssenKrupp argues that Gold Strike may not solely rely on its attorney's affidavit to establish that his rates are reasonable within this market because "[a] reasonable hourly rate is generally established through affidavits of other attorneys practicing [in this market]." Id. at 7 (citing Illinois Cent. R. Co. v. Harried, No. 5:06-CV-160, 2011 WL 283925, at *10 (S.D. Miss. Jan. 25, 2011). Although such corroborating affidavits may "generally" establish the reasonableness of an hourly rate, Mississippi law certainly does not require them. In two of its seminal attorney's fees cases, the Mississippi Supreme Court has affirmed fee awards that were supported by the affidavit of only the moving party's attorney. See Tupelo Redevelopment Agency, 972 So. 2d at 522-23 ("Furthermore, the trial judge had before him Ragland's motion for assessment of attorneys' fees, with the attached sworn affidavit of Ragland's attorney."); Mabus, 910 So. 2d at 489 (affirming attorney fee award where chancellor relied on affidavits of billing attorneys and itemized billing statements). This authority renders ThyssenKrupp's claim about what Gold Strike relies upon untenable. Regardless, Gold Strike supported its fee request through the affidavit of another attorney practicing in this district by submitting Byars' affidavit with its rebuttal.
Next, ThyssenKrupp cites several federal cases that purportedly "indicate[] that a reasonable hourly rate to be charged by an attorney of Mr. Hollis' experience is not more than $200.00 per hour." Doc. #42 at 7. Only two of the many cases cited by ThyssenKrupp were decided in this district, both of which were decided over a decade ago in 2003. Id. at 8 (citing Boroujerdi v. Mississippi State Chem. Lab., 2003 WL 23199871 (N.D. Miss. 2003); Lipscomb v. Columbus Mun. Separate Sch. Dist., 261 F.Supp.2d 626, 633 (N.D. Miss. 2003)). Those cases are far too old to be of any use in this attorney's fee determination. The remaining authority considers attorney rates in the Southern District of Mississippi. Id. at 9. Because this Court must consider the rates in light of what is customary in this Northern District, a determination of what is reasonable in another district is unpersuasive. See Mississippi Power & Light Co. v. Cook, 832 So.2d 474, 487 (Miss. 2002) (reversing fee award because "there is no record of the fee customarily charged in this locality"); Miss. R. Prof. Conduct 1.5(a) (reasonableness of hourly rate determined by considering "the fee customarily charged in the locality for similar legal services"); see also Pruett v. State, 574 So.2d 1342, 1368 (Miss. 1990) (Anderson, J., dissenting) (citing Alberti v. Sheriff of Harris Cty., 688 F.Supp. 1176, 1190 (S.D.Tex.1987) for proposition that "[r]easonable fees are determined by the prevailing market rate" and "the prevailing market rate is the rate existing in the community for similar services by lawyers of reasonably comparable skill, experience and reputation").
The Court is persuaded, however, by a Northern District case decided by Chief Judge Sharion Aycock, who recently approved hourly rates exceeding those sought in this case. See Sales v. Bailey, No. 2:12-CV-00056, 2015 WL 1825060, at *2-4 (N.D. Miss. Apr. 22, 2015) (approving rates of $250.00 and $300.00 per hour for partners, $175.00 per hour for associate attorney, and $125.00 per hour for legal assistant; collecting cases). In light of Sales and the unrebutted sworn affidavits of Hollis and Byars, the Court finds the proposed rates to be reasonable. See Philips Med. Capital, LLC, 2012 WL 860324, at *4 (finding fees and expenses awarded reasonable where defendants offered nothing to dispute documentary evidence submitted).
Finally, ThyssenKrupp challenges the hourly rates of Gold Strike's attorneys by comparing the billing rates of its counsel and Gold Strike's counsel. Doc. #42 at 7. For the same reasons explained above that a comparison is not warranted regarding the number of hours billed by Gold Strike's attorneys, such a comparison is similarly unwarranted regarding Gold Strike's attorneys' hourly rates.
Given the Court's findings above, the Court concludes that Gold Strike's attorneys' hours billed and hourly rates are reasonable and appropriate. Consequently, and consistent with the discussion above, the Court's lodestar figure is $51,716 in the Brasel lawsuit and $58,215.50 in the instant proceeding.
The Court next considers whether any of the Rule 1.5 factors counsel in favor of an upward or downward departure from the lodestar amounts. In this regard, the Court finds:
(1) The attorney time and labor spent, as described above, is what a reasonable client would expect an attorney to spend on this matter. The legal questions involved were neither novel nor complex, and thus did not require any special skill that would justify a departure from the lodestar.
(2) There is no evidence or contention that Gold Strike's counsel's representation of Gold Strike prevented them from pursuing additional employment opportunities, or that Gold Strike was aware of any such limitations on its counsel's employment opportunities. Thus, the second factor does not justify deviation from the lodestar amount.
(3) The hourly rates discussed above are in accord with that customarily charged in this locality; therefore, no deviation from the lodestar is warranted due to the third factor.
(4) In this case, Gold Strike was granted summary judgment, securing a declaratory judgment that ThyssenKrupp had breached its duty to defend Gold Strike against the personal injury claims made in the Brasel lawsuit. In Brasel, after ThyssenKrupp four times refused to provide it a defense, Gold Strike vigorously defended itself. After defending itself for nearly three years, the Brasel plaintiffs dismissed their lawsuit. Based on Gold Strike's success in both cases, the Court finds the attorney fee calculated by the lodestar amount is appropriate and a deviation is not appropriate.
(5) There is no evidence or contention that Gold Strike put any time constraints on counsel, and thus, a deviation from the lodestar amount based on the fifth factor is unwarranted.
(6) There is no evidence regarding the nature and/or length of the professional relationship between Gold Strike and counsel. Thus, the sixth factor does not justify departure from the lodestar.
(7) No evidence contrary to Gold Strike's sworn affidavits regarding counsel's experience, reputation, and/or ability is before the Court; thus, no deviation under the seventh factor is appropriate.
(8) Finally, there is no evidence regarding the structure of the fee agreement between Gold Strike and its counsel. Thus, the eighth factor does not justify a deviation from the lodestar amount.
In sum, after considering the factors set forth in Rule 1.5 of the Mississippi Rules of Professional Conduct, the Court finds that no adjustments to the lodestar figures are warranted.
Gold Strike also requests, without objection by ThyssenKrupp, expenses in the amounts of $8,121.26 from Brasel and $1,428.19 from this action for filing fees, copy charges, private investigator fees, process-service fees, legal team travel expenses, fees associated with acquiring voluminous medical records, and fees associated with conducting research on Westlaw, Pacer, and Accurint.
This Court has already declared that under the Elevator Maintenance Agreement, "ThyssenKrupp must pay and/or reimburse Gold Strike for all expenses, including attorney's fees, incurred with Gold Strike's defense of the underlying lawsuit." Doc. #40 (emphasis added). Additionally, the Elevator Maintenance Agreement provides:
Doc. #41-1 at 4 (emphasis and footnote added). The Court's declaration, read in conjunction with the Agreement's prevailing party language, sufficiently encompasses all of the expenses sought by Gold Strike. Accordingly, the Court will award Gold Strike all of its requested expenses.
Gold Strike's Motion for Determination of Attorneys' Fees and Expenses [41] is
Doc. #41-1 at 4.
