UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD


     YOLANDA A. COLLINS,                             DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         DA-0432-14-0224-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS                          DATE: November 26, 2014
       AFFAIRS,
                 Agency.



                THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Andrew Brumsey, Harvey, Louisiana, for the appellant.

           Brandi M. Powell, New Orleans, Louisiana, for the agency.


                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                              Anne M. Wagner, Vice Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member


                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     affirmed her removal for unacceptable performance under chapter 43. Generally,
     we grant petitions such as this one only when:          the initial decision contains
     erroneous findings of material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                       2

     interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to
     the facts of the case; the judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or
     the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an
     abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or
     new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the
     petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed. See Title 5
     of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).
     After fully considering the filings in this appeal, and based on the following
     points and authorities, we conclude that the petitioner has not established any
     basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review. Therefore, we
     DENY the petition for review. Except as expressly modified by this Final Order,
     we AFFIRM the initial decision.
¶2         Effective January 17, 2013, the agency removed the appellant from her
     position as a Budget Analyst based on her unacceptable performance in Critical
     Element 2 of her position. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 16, Subtabs 4b, 4e.
     Critical Element 2 concerns the Budget Analysts’ performance standards for
     Computer Analysis, Input and Overpayment Reconstruction and Resolution. IAF,
     Tab 17, Subtab 4p at 2. Under Critical Element 2, to be fully successful, Budget
     Analysts must:
           On the basis of the analysis of the overpayment record, make
           necessary adjustments, additions, or corrections to the master record
           with no more than 5 exceptions. Analyze overpayments in order to
           reconstruct the payment record and determine the cause and exact
           amount of the debt in 10 days with no more than 20 exceptions.
           Accurately and timely process requests for direct deposits and school
           certifications within 3 workdays.
     

the appellant was unsuccessful during her first 90-day performance
     improvement plan (PIP) effective September 13, 2012, the agency issued a notice
     on April 26, 2013, proposing her removal.        IAF, Tab 17, Subtab 4n at 3-5,
     Subtab 4j at 2-3. The agency did not act on that proposal. Instead, the agency
                                                                                       3

     entered into a written agreement on June 6, 2013, to send the appellant to attend
     5 days of off-site training in Iowa; to place her on a 90-day PIP after she returned
     from training, beginning on June 17, 2013; and to provide her additional training
     and biweekly meetings with the Division Chief to provide feedback.             IAF,
     Tab 17, Subtab 4i at 3.
¶4        On October 23, 2013, the agency notified the appellant that it was
     proposing to remove her again because she was unsuccessful in meeting Critical
     Element 2 during her second 90-day PIP. IAF, Tab 16, Subtab 4e at 1-2. In its
     notice of proposed removal, the agency stated that the parties previously agreed
     that the appellant’s performance would be acceptable if 75% of her cases were
     financially accurate and she timely returned 75% of her cases within 10 days. 

The agency further stated that, during the relevant period, the appellant
     failed to perform successfully on Critical Element 2 because her financial
     accuracy was 7% and her timeliness was 33%. 

After considering the
     evidence, including the appellant’s oral and written replies to her proposed
     removal, the deciding official sustained the appellant’s removal effective
     January 17, 2014. IAF, Tab 16, Subtab 4b at 1.
¶5        The appellant filed a timely appeal of her removal and raised affirmative
     defenses alleging harmful error and retaliation for engaging in protected activity.
     IAF, Tab 1, Tab 28 at 2. Following a hearing, the administrative judge affirmed
     the agency’s decision to remove the appellant for unacceptable performance on
     Critical Element 2 of her Budget Analyst position. IAF, Tab 29, Initial Decision
     (ID) at 1.   The administrative judge further found that the appellant failed to
     prove her affirmative defense of reprisal.         ID at 14.      Specifically, the
     administrative judge found that the appellant proved that she engaged in protected
     activity by filing a grievance, that the individuals taking the removal action knew
                                                                                         4

     of her grievance, 2 and that her removal could have been reprisal for protected
     activity but that she failed to prove that there was a nexus between her removal
     and filing her grievance or engaging in any other protected activity. ID at 12-14.
     The administrative judge did not address the appellant’s remaining affirmative
     defense of harmful error.
¶6        The appellant has filed a petition for review arguing that the agency failed
     to consider certain evidence regarding her retaliation claim. Petition for Review
     (PFR) File, Tab 1. She also reasserts her allegation that the agency committed
     harmful error by violating the collective bargaining agreement. The agency filed
     a response in opposition to her petition. PFR File, Tab 3.
¶7        The failure to demonstrate acceptable performance under a single critical
     element will support removal under chapter 43. Towne v. Department of the Air
     Force, 120 M.S.P.R. 239, ¶ 29 n.12 (2013). On review, the appellant does not
     challenge the administrative judge’s findings that the agency proved by
     substantial evidence 3 that: (1) it communicated to the appellant her performance
     standards and the critical elements of her position; (2) its performance standards
     were valid; (3) it notified the appellant of her unacceptable performance and
     provided her with an opportunity to improve; and (4) the appellant’s performance
     in Critical Element 2 was not successful. See 

see also ID at 3-13. We
     therefore AFFIRM those findings.



     2
       The administrative judge did not find that the proposing and deciding officials were
     aware of the appellant’s Board appeal, although both were aware of her grievance. ID
     at 13.
     3
       Substantial evidence is the “degree of relevant evidence that a reasonable person,
     considering the record as a whole, might accept as adequate to support a conclusion,
     even though other reasonable persons might disagree.” Towne, 120 M.S.P.R. 239, ¶ 6
     (citing 5 C.F.R. § 1201.56(c)(1)). Substantial evidence is a lesser standard of proof
     than preponderance of the evidence and, to meet this standard, the agency’s evidence
     need not be more persuasive than that of the appellant. 

       Regarding the appellant’s retaliation-for-protected-activity affirmative
     defense, the appellant itemizes some of the evidence and arguments she made
     below and asserts that the administrative judge did not fully consider all of the
     evidence. PFR File, Tab 1 at 5-7; see IAF, Tab 21 at 7, 12, 14, Tab 23 at 5-6.
     The administrative judge’s failure to mention all of the evidence of record does
     not mean that she did not consider it in reaching his decision. See Marques v.
     Department of Health & Human Services, 22 M.S.P.R. 129, 132 (1984), aff’d,
     

(Fed. Cir. 1985) (Table).        Moreover, the appellant has not
     identified any new evidence of record indicating that the administrative judge
     erred by finding that she failed to prove her claim of retaliation. As such, the
     appellant’s arguments on review constitute mere disagreement with the
     administrative judge’s explained findings on these issues, and we discern no
     reason to reweigh the evidence or substitute our assessment of the record
     evidence for that of the administrative judge in this appeal. See ID at 3-15; see
     also Crosby v. U.S. Postal Service, 74 M.S.P.R. 98, 105-06 (1997) (finding no
     reason to disturb the administrative judge’s findings when the administrative
     judge considered the evidence as a whole, drew appropriate inferences, and made
     reasoned conclusions); Broughton v. Department of Health & Human Services,
     33 M.S.P.R. 357, 359 (1987) (same).
¶9        On review, the appellant also reasserts the argument she made on appeal
     that the agency committed harmful error by violating the American Federation of
     Government Employees (AFGE) contract, Article 27, § 10, ¶¶ A-C, concerning
     performance improvement plans. PFR File, Tab 1 at 4; IAF, Tab 12 at 2, Tab 23
     at 1-2, Tab 27 at 4-5, 12, Tab 28 at 1-2. Specifically, she argues that the agency
     committed harmful error by placing her on a PIP under the same supervisor whom
     she previously charged with a “Prohibit [sic] Personnel Action along with
     Discrimination and using Retaliation Method in order to remove/fire her.” PFR
     File, Tab 1 at 4. The appellant argues, among other things, that her supervisor
     wanted her to fail and that her supervisor made up her mind “not to help or
                                                                                        6

      provide any type of training or corrective action,” which violated her agreement
      with the agency regarding the PIP. 

error under 5 U.S.C. § 7701(c)(2)(A) cannot be presumed; an
      agency’s error is harmful only where the record shows that the procedural error
      was likely to have caused the agency to reach a conclusion different from the one
      it would have reached in the absence or cure of the error. Stephen v. Department
      of the Air Force, 47 M.S.P.R. 672, 681, 685 (1991); see 5 C.F.R. § 1201.56(c)(3).
      The appellant has the burden of proving by preponderant evidence that the agency
      committed an error that harmed her substantive rights.              See 5 C.F.R.
      § 1201.56(c)(3).    A procedural error that does not prejudice the appellant’s
      substantive rights provides no basis to overturn the agency’s action.           See
      generally Tate v. Department of the Interior, 4 M.S.P.R. 106, 107 (1980).
¶11         Although the administrative judge did not specifically address the
      appellant’s harmful error claim in the initial decision, we find that her failure to
      do so is not prejudicial error and does not warrant reversing the initial decision.
      See Panter v. Department of the Air Force, 22 M.S.P.R. 281, 282 (1984). The
      administrative judge properly apprised the appellant of her burden of proving her
      affirmative defense of harmful error, as well as the kind of evidence required to
      meet her burden. IAF, Tab 24 at 2, Tab 28 at 2. Because the parties had the
      opportunity to submit evidence and argument on this issue, we MODIFY the
      initial decision to address it here.
¶12         The union agreement that the agency allegedly violated, specifically AFGE
      contract, Article 27, § 10, ¶¶ A-C, does not require the agency to reassign the
      appellant to a new supervisor during a PIP. See IAF, Tab 27 at 12. We therefore
      find no merit in the appellant’s argument that the agency’s failure to assign her to
      a different supervisor violated the union contract and constituted harmful error.
      See PFR File, Tab 1 at 4. AFGE contract, Article 27, § 10, ¶¶ A-C, requires,
      among other things, that the agency afford the employee a reasonable opportunity
      of at least 90 calendar days to improve her performance and provide other
                                                                                        7

      assistance as appropriate, such as training and biweekly feedback. IAF, Tab 27
      at 12. In the parties’ June 6, 2013 agreement plan, the agency agreed to provide
      the appellant with assistance during her second 90-day PIP, which included
      training and biweekly feedback. 

Subtab 4i at 3.
¶13            On review, the appellant reasserts her argument that the agency did not
      provide the agreed-upon training, and she also argues that the administrative
      judge misconstrued the testimony of her union representative concerning this
      issue. PFR File, Tab 1 at 6; IAF, Tab 28 at 1-2. We find that the administrative
      judge accurately summarized the witness’s testimony and evidence confirming,
      among other things, that the appellant’s supervisor met with her during the PIP on
      a biweekly basis, provided written feedback on her work, and showed her the
      steps used to complete previously prepared cases. ID at 6, 9-12; IAF, Tab 16,
      Subtab 4g; Hearing Compact Disc (HCD) (testimony of A. Nicholas, A.
      Raymond, and the appellant). Contrary to the appellant’s arguments on review,
      the record supports the administrative judge’s finding that there is no merit in the
      appellant’s claim that she did not receive the requisite training during the PIP.
      See HCD (testimony of A. Nicholas, A. Raymond, and the appellant); see also ID
      at 12.
¶14            Although the appellant disagrees with the teaching method employed by her
      supervisor, she has not proven by preponderant evidence that the training she
      received during the PIP violated any agency rule, regulation, or collective
      bargaining agreement; or that the alleged procedural violation was harmful and
      affected the outcome of the agency’s decision.              See generally 5 U.S.C.
      § 7701(c)(2)(A); Diaz v. Department of the Air Force, 

, 1109 (Fed.
      Cir. 1995); Martin v. Federal Aviation Administration, 

, 999 (Fed.
      Cir. 1986). We therefore MODIFY the initial decision to find that the appellant
      failed to prove her affirmative defense of harmful error.
                                                                                  8

                   NOTICE TO THE APPELLANT REGARDING
                      YOUR FURTHER REVIEW RIGHTS
     The initial decision, as supplemented by this Final Order, constitutes the
Board’s final decision in this matter. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113. You have the right to
request the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to review this
final decision.    You must submit your request to the court at the following
address:
                           United States Court of Appeals
                               for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                              Washington, DC 20439

     The court must receive your request for review no later than 60 calendar
days after the date of this order. See 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(A) (as rev. eff. Dec.
27, 2012). If you choose to file, be very careful to file on time. The court has
held that normally it does not have the authority to waive this statutory deadline
and that filings that do not comply with the deadline must be dismissed. See
Pinat v. Office of Personnel Management, 

(Fed. Cir. 1991).
     If you need further information about your right to appeal this decision to
court, you should refer to the federal law that gives you this right. It is found in
Title 5 of the United States Code, section 7703 (5 U.S.C. § 7703) (as rev. eff.
Dec. 27, 2012). You may read this law as well as other sections of the United
States     Code,    at   our   website,   http://www.mspb.gov/appeals/uscode.htm.
Additional information is available at the court's website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov.
Of particular relevance is the court's "Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and
Appellants," which is contained within the court's Rules of Practice, and Forms 5,
6, and 11.
     If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for your court
appeal, you may visit our website at http://www.mspb.gov/probono for a list of
attorneys who have expressed interest in providing pro bono representation for
Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the court. The Merit Systems
                                                                           9

Protection Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor
warrants that any attorney will accept representation in a given case.




FOR THE BOARD:                            ______________________________
                                          William D. Spencer
                                          Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.