W. EARL BRITT, Senior District Judge.
This matter comes before the court on plaintiff Joseph Gilreath's ("plaintiff") "motion for relief from a judgment or order, motion for injunction or restraining order, renewed motion for directed verdict, renewed motion for judgment as a matter of law, and motion requesting new trial." (DE # 117.) Defendant Cumberland County Board of Education ("defendant") filed a response, (DE # 120), to which plaintiff filed a reply, (DE # 121). Plaintiff subsequently filed an affidavit correcting a mistake he made in a prior affidavit attached to his reply. (DE # 123.)
Plaintiff began his employment as a band director at Anne Chesnutt Middle School in Fayetteville, North Carolina in 1993. He suffers from ADHD and hypertension which allegedly affect his short-term memory and his ability to manage multiple tasks and activities at the same time. On 4 November 2011, plaintiff filed this action against defendant, alleging violations of the Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA"). This case proceeded to jury trial on 3 November 2014. At trial, plaintiff asserted two claims under the ADA: (1) failure to accommodate and (2) retaliation. At the close of plaintiff's evidence, defendant moved for judgment as a matter of law on both claims, and the court granted the motion as to the failure to accommodate claim. At the close of all evidence, both parties moved for judgment as a matter of law on the retaliation claim. The court subsequently denied both motions and submitted the claim to the jury, which returned a verdict in favor of defendant. (DE # 109.)
Now before the court is plaintiff's omnibus motion seeking to challenge the jury verdict. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 50(b), plaintiff renews his motion for judgment as a matter of law on his failure to accommodate and retaliation claims.
Pursuant to Rule 50(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, plaintiff renews his Rule 50(a) motion for judgment as a matter of law on his retaliation and failure to accommodate claims. Although plaintiff has filed a Rule 50(b) motion as to both claims, the court notes that plaintiff never moved under Rule 50(a) for judgment as a matter of law on his failure to accommodate claim, as that claim was dismissed when the court partially granted defendant's motion for judgment as a matter of law. Generally, a plaintiff cannot renew a Rule 50 motion that was never made.
A court should not grant a Rule 50(b) motion unless, "without weighing the evidence or considering the credibility of the witnesses, [the court determines] that substantial evidence does not support the jury's findings."
In support of his motion, plaintiff contends that Thomas Hatch ("Hatch") and Michael Bain ("Bain"), both administrators at Anne Chesnutt Middle School during the time frame at issue, gave false testimony at trial. (DE # 117, at 5-14.) Plaintiff points to several alleged inconsistent statements made by Hatch and Bain at trial and argues that the jury should not have credited their testimony. (
Plaintiff's entire argument in favor of his Rule 50(b) motion is based on the alleged perjury of witnesses Hatch and Bain. However, as noted above, the court may not consider the credibility of witnesses in ruling on a Rule 50(b) motion.
Pursuant to Rule 60(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, plaintiff moves for relief from the judgment on both the failure to accommodate and retaliation claims. (DE # 117, at 1). This rule allows the court to relieve a party from a final judgment in the following limited circumstances:
Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b). This rule "is only to be invoked upon a showing of exceptional circumstances."
Plaintiff contends that the alleged false testimony of Hatch and Bain amounts to fraud under Rule 60(b)(3) and entitles him to relief from the jury verdict on his retaliation claim. (DE # 117, at 11, 15.) To succeed on a Rule 60(b)(3) motion, the movant must "demonstrate the existence of a meritorious claim ... [and] must also prove the misconduct complained of by clear and convincing evidence and demonstrate that such misconduct prevented him from fully and fairly presenting his claim or defense."
The court finds that plaintiff has failed to meet his burden under Rule 60(b)(3). As defendant argues, plaintiff has not proved by clear and convincing evidence that Hatch and Bain presented false testimony at trial. Both witnesses were subject to plaintiff's extensive cross-examination regarding their alleged false statements, and both provided credible explanations of any perceived inconsistency between their past statements and their testimony at trial. Further, even assuming that Hatch and Bain gave perjured testimony, plaintiff has failed to demonstrate that such misconduct prevented him from fairly presenting his case. Plaintiff has not sufficiently established that the alleged perjured testimony was in any way material to the jury's verdict in favor of the defendant. Thus, his 60(b)(3) motion will be denied.
Plaintiff further argues that Rule 60(b)(1) entitles him to relief from the judgment as a matter of law in favor of defendant on his failure to accommodate claim, based on "the mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect of [his] previous counsel." (
The court concludes that plaintiff has failed to make the required showing under Rule 60(b)(1). "[A] lawyer's ignorance or carelessness do not present cognizable grounds for relief under 60(b)."
Lastly, plaintiff argues that the fact that he proceeded pro se "during [a] significant portion of [the] discovery period," and because "the discovery deadline was insufficient to facilitate collection and trading of evidence due to transition of new counsel," he is entitled to relief from the judgment. (DE # 117, at 15.) Rule 60(b)(6) is a catchall provision that permits the court to grant relief from the judgment for "any other reason that justifies relief." A court may grant a 60(b)(6) motion if "such action is appropriate to accomplish justice" and in the face of extraordinary circumstances.
Plaintiff requests a new trial on both his retaliation and failure to accommodate claims pursuant to Rule 59, (DE # 117, at 1), which permits a court to grant a new trial "after a jury trial, for any reason for which a new trial has heretofore been granted in an action at law in federal court," Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(a)(1)(A). Plaintiff contends that the alleged false testimony of Hatch and Bain entitles him to a new trial. (
In determining whether to grant a new trial based on perjury, the court "may weigh the evidence and consider the credibility of the witnesses."
As noted above, the court is not "reasonably well satisfied" that Hatch and Bain presented false testimony at trial. They both provided credible explanations of any perceived inconsistency between their past statements and their testimony at trial. Further, the court cannot conclude that without the alleged false testimony, the jury would have found in favor of plaintiff on either the retaliation or the failure to accommodate claim. The alleged false testimony, in great part, concerned only inconsequential details that would likely have had no material effect on the jury's verdict. Lastly, the alleged false testimony did not take plaintiff by surprise, and he was able to adequately confront it at trial. His counsel tirelessly cross-examined Hatch and Bain on the alleged inconsistent statements. Accordingly, plaintiff's motion for a new trial based on the alleged perjured testimony of Hatch and Bain will be denied.
In further support of a new trial, plaintiff maintains that he was unfairly surprised at trial. (
"[S]urprise does not warrant a new trial unless it deprives the party of a fair hearing."
Plaintiff also argues that his past teacher evaluations which defendant presented at trial, as well as the time limit the court placed on plaintiff's rebuttal testimony, amounted to unfair surprise which entitles him to a new trial. (
Based on the foregoing, plaintiff's motion for relief from a judgment or order, renewed motions, and motion requesting new trial, (DE # 117), are DENIED. To the extent plaintiff moves for an injunction or restraining order precluding Hatch and Bain from testifying at a new trial, it is DENIED AS MOOT.