RICHARD G. KOPF, Senior District Judge.
Leroy Henry Cooper ("Cooper") filed a Motion to Vacate under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 on August 6, 2012. (Filing 86.) After initial review, I will dismiss the Motion with prejudice because the files and records plainly show that Cooper is not entitled to relief.
Under the Criminal Justice Act, Cooper was represented by Chad Wythers. (Filing 9.) Cooper was charged in a superseding indictment with a methamphetamine conspiracy and possession of a Merlin lever action rifle, Model 1893, after having been convicted of a felony. (Filing 44.) Wythers negotiated a plea agreement that, among other things, provided the government would not file an information triggering an increased statutory minimum sentence, stipulated that Cooper was responsible for between 500 grams and 1.5 kilograms of methamphetamine, estimated Cooper's base offense level (if driven by the drug quantity) at 32
On September 29, 2009, I sentenced Cooper to 188 months in prison on the conspiracy charge and 120 months in prison on the gun charge with the sentences to run concurrently. (Filings 77 and 182.) I also ran the terms of supervised release concurrently. (Filing 77.)
At sentencing, I sustained Wyther's objection that the weapon could not be shown to be associated with the drug crime for enhancement purposes under the Guidelines. (Filing 77; Filing 78 (digital audio at 05:50 to 20:00).) However, the base offense level of 34 remained the same because Cooper was a career criminal. See U.S.S.G. § 4B1.1(b)(2). With 19 criminal history points, Cooper's criminal history stood at VI with or without the career offender designation. (Filing 83 at CM/ ECF p. 17 and ¶¶ 75 and 76 (Presentence
Referring to filing 79, Cooper mistakenly asserts that a notice of appeal was filed. (Filing 86 at CM/ECF p. 4.) He is incorrect. Filing 79 is not a notice of appeal but rather a written "Notice of Right to Appeal." (See Filing 79 (Emphasis added).) Cooper signed the "Notice of Right to Appeal" acknowledging his receipt of that document. (Id.) In that document (and orally) Cooper was explicitly warned that "a notice of appeal must be filed with the Clerk" within 10 days and if "the notice of appeal is not timely filed, a defendant may lose his or her right to appeal." (Id.; Filing 78.)
Cooper claims that Wythers was ineffective because Wythers lied to him and told him he would not receive a sentence of more than five or six years, Wythers failed to advise him that he would be sentenced under the Guidelines and Wythers advised him to plead guilty to possession of an antique rifle. (Filing 86 at CM/ECF p. 1.) For the following reasons, Cooper's claims must be dismissed with prejudice.
First, Cooper's motion is not timely because it was not filed within the 1-year limitations period provided by 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)
Although it is not clear, Cooper may argue that his ineffective assistance of counsel claims are predicated on two recent Supreme Court cases and therefore the limitations period did not start to run within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(3) until those new decisions were issued. Cooper cites Lafler v. Cooper, ___ U.S. ___, 132 S.Ct. 1376, 182 L.Ed.2d 398 (2012) (reaffirming that the Strickland standard applies to plea bargaining even where the defendant has received a full and fair trial; holding, among other things,
The difficulty with such an argument is that Cooper's claim of ineffective assistance of counsel regarding an accepted plea bargain is premised on the wellknown principles set out in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 688, 694, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984) (announcing principles for evaluation of claims of ineffective assistance of counsel under the Sixth Amendment) and Strickland was issued long ago. Cooper does not explain how Lafler and Frye created a new rule for cases such as his, and I cannot discern any basis for such an argument.
Indeed, for decades, the Eighth Circuit has applied the Strickland standard to claims of ineffective assistance of counsel involving accepted plea bargains like the one we have here. See, e.g., United States v. Storey, 990 F.2d 1094, 1097 (8th Cir. 1993) (applying Strickland, among other cases, and holding that the defendant failed to establish ineffective assistance of counsel in connection with plea bargain based on alleged erroneous advice that defendant would be eligible for parole, even though plea agreement indicated that defendant's cooperation would be brought to attention of parole authorities, where plea petition expressly stated that defendant would not be eligible for parole, and district court was meticulously careful to ensure that plea was offered in knowing and voluntary manner). Accordingly, Cooper cannot take advantage of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(3).
Cooper also tries to excuse his tardy filing by suggesting that the Bureau of Prisons transferred him from place to place and it was not until he got to a prison in Oregon on August 18, 2011, that he was able to attend to this case. (Filing 86 at CM/ECF pp. 4-5.) Therefore, he argues the Bureau of Prisons impeded an earlier filing and he apparently argues that the 1-year limitations period does not bar this action either under the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(2) or under the doctrine of equitable tolling. This argument is specious.
Initially, under 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(2) and the related but slightly different doctrine of equitable tolling, Cooper must show that (1) an extraordinary circumstance beyond his control prevented a timely filing and (2) he exercised due diligence. See, e.g., E.J.R.E. v. United States, 453 F.3d 1094, 1098 (8th Cir.2006). He has failed to demonstrate the required extraordinary circumstance and due diligence.
Simply being transferred from prison to prison is not enough to toll the limitations period. That is particularly true where, as here, the party seeking the benefit of the excuse fails to show due diligence. Indeed, our Court of Appeals has held that "repeated transfers," among other things,
Finally, Cooper also seems to argue, albeit in passing, that he was confused because he thought a notice of appeal had been filed and he was awaiting a decision on that appeal. (Filing 86 at CM/ECF pp. 4-5.) That excuse lacks merit because, among other reasons, Cooper should have known that no appeal had been or would be taken. After all, he signed a plea agreement which explicitly waived his right to appeal and I carefully advised Cooper during the plea-taking proceedings that he was giving up his right to appeal. (Filing 59 (digital audio) at 18:11 and following.) If Cooper was truly confused, it was his lack of diligence that caused the confusion.
Second, even if Cooper's motion was not late, I would deny it because the files and records plainly show that counsel was not ineffective and because Cooper suffered no prejudice. Because this claim is weak, I will only briefly address it.
In order to prevail on a claim that defense counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel under Strickland, the claimant must establish two things. He or she must establish that (1) "`counsel's representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness,'"
An evidentiary hearing is unnecessary if the claimant makes an insufficient preliminary showing on either or both prongs or the record clearly contradicts the claimant's showing on either or both prongs. Engelen v. United States, 68 F.3d 238, 240 (8th Cir.1995) (affirming denial of § 2255 motion without a hearing in the face of an ineffective assistance of counsel claim; stating that no evidentiary hearing is required where "(1) the petitioner's allegations, accepted as true, would not entitle the petitioner to relief, or (2) the allegations cannot be accepted as true because
Initially, and incredibly, Cooper claims that Wythers told him that he would only get 5 or 6 years in prison. That claim is absurd. The files and records establish beyond any question that Cooper understood and, in fact, represented to me that no one had "promised, suggested or predicted [that Cooper would] receive a lighter sentence, or probation, or any other form of leniency if [Cooper] plead GUILTY" and that no one had "made any promise that cause[d] [Cooper] to plead GUILTY, aside from the promises, if any, set out" in the written plea agreement. (See, e.g., Filing 60 at CM/ECF p. 12.)
Next, and again incredibly, Cooper claims that Wythers was ineffective because Cooper was not informed that he would be sentenced under the Guidelines. This too is absurd. The files and records establish the Cooper understood and represented to me that he "will be sentenced by the judge after consideration of the advisory federal sentencing guidelines" and the Guidelines were explained to Cooper in great detail. (See, e.g., id. at CM/ ECF pp. 8-11.)
Lastly, Cooper argues that Wythers was ineffective in advising Cooper to plead guilty to possession of an "antique" rifle. This claim is equally frivolous. The rifle was specifically checked by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and found to be a weapon that convicted felons could not possess. (Filing 83 at CM/ECF p. 7 (PSR ¶ 30: "Inv. Phillips contacted S.A. Todd Monny with A.T.F. and learned that the rifle is considered a firearm under A.T.F. guidelines.").) Furthermore, Cooper suffered no prejudice by pleading guilty to possession of the rifle as a convicted felon because the 188-month sentence was driven by the drug crime, and not the gun crime for which Cooper received a concurrent sentence.
Cooper's motion came far too late. Moreover, the claim of ineffective assistance of counsel is wholly without merit. Wythers did a great job for Cooper and even if he erred, there was no prejudice.
IT IS ORDERED that: