PER CURIAM.
Allied Interior Contractors, Inc. (Allied) appeals from the June 1, 2010 final agency decision of the Board of Review (Board), in which the Board found that Allied's former employee, Kristine Deirocini, demonstrated good cause for leaving her employment and was therefore eligible for unemployment compensation benefits. The record amply supports the Board's conclusion that a pattern of vulgar and degrading comments about women, made by the president of the company, created a hostile work environment that justified Deirocini leaving her employment. We affirm.
Deirocini was employed by Allied as a project accountant from March 21, 2006 through June 13, 2008. Deirocini and Stephanie James, Deirocini's goddaughter, were the only women who worked in the office. On June 12, 2008, the day before Deirocini resigned, a co-worker, Timothy Shire, approached Deirocini to report a coarse and demeaning comment made by Michael Powell, Allied's president. Specifically, Shire told Deirocini that Powell, referring to James, had said, "if only her brain was as big as her tits." Although Deirocini had not heard Powell's remark, Powell was speaking loudly enough for everyone in the vicinity to hear what he said.
According to Deirocini, Powell's remark about her goddaughter was not an isolated incident. On the contrary, similar remarks were made "daily." Deirocini's testimony before the Appeal Tribunal
Deirocini added that Powell also referred to women as "m fer." When Deirocini's attorney stated that the actual word was "mother f_cker,"
When asked why she had never confronted Powell about his degrading comments about women, she responded:
Deirocini also explained that she had remained on the job for two years, despite the unpleasant work environment, because the job "was close to home and it was a good paying job. And the employment [market] was bad then and it's bad now."
Powell testified that Deirocini had not told him why she was quitting on the day she "collected her things and stormed out" of the office. Nonetheless, he believed she quit because she resented his criticism of a bookkeeping mistake she had made that resulted in an overpayment of $1300 to a subcontractor. He added that at the time Deirocini terminated her employment, she was already on probation "for numerous bookkeeping mistakes." He acknowledged that he would not have known of the $1300 overpayment unless Deirocini had brought her error to his attention.
When asked whether he had ever "used profanity in the work place," Powell answered "I did." Powell conceded that other than "placards on the doors in the lunchroom" that had been provided by "the [S]tate," there were no written policies or procedures describing the standards of appropriate conduct in the workplace setting. He commented that because "it's a new company," he was "still in the working phases" of developing workplace standards.
Allied also presented the testimony of its employee, James Thompson, who testified that he had never heard Powell "using negative terms toward[] women or about women." Thompson did, however, concede that he had heard "a few" derogatory statements in the office. He also testified that he had, on occasion, heard Deirocini herself using profane language.
Following the September 28, 2009 hearing, the Appeal Tribunal issued a decision on November 2, 2009 holding Deirocini disqualified for benefits pursuant to
On June 1, 2010, the Board reversed the decision of the Appeal Tribunal, noting that it was "compelled to supplement the [Appeal Tribunal's] finding of facts to accurately reflect the record[.]" The Board noted that in addition to Powell's comment about James's breasts, there were "other instances where the owner made gender-biased comments against women." Ultimately, the Board rejected the Appeal Tribunal's determination that because none of Powell's comments were directed at Deirocini, and because she had failed to complain about the working conditions prior to quitting, she had not established good cause for leaving her employment.
Relying on
The Board concluded that Deirocini demonstrated good cause attributable to the work for leaving her job, and held that she was not disqualified for unemployment compensation benefits. The Board remanded Deirocini's claim to the deputy claims examiner for evaluation of whether Deirocini satisfied the "week-to-week requirements of eligibility."
On appeal, Allied argues that the decision of the Board "is unreasonable, offends legislative policy, and is not supported by substantial credible evidence." In particular, Allied maintains that: Deirocini left her employment for personal reasons that did not constitute good cause; Powell's behavior was "non-sexual" in nature; the Board improperly allowed Deirocini to mention the settlement of her sexual harassment lawsuit against Allied as proof to support her unemployment compensation claim; and Deirocini should be disqualified from unemployment compensation benefits because she failed to take reasonable steps to remain employed.
The central issue in this appeal is whether, as the Board held in its final decision, Deirocini should be held eligible for benefits pursuant to
An employee who has left work voluntarily bears the burden of establishing that he or she did so with good cause attributable to such work.
While
Thus, an employee who quits a job without a sufficient work-related reason, is disqualified from receiving benefits.
Allied argues that Deirocini's reasons for resigning were entirely unrelated to any demeaning comments Powell may have made about women in general, or Deirocini's goddaughter in particular. Allied asserts that Deirocini quit because she was upset by Powell's criticism of her bookkeeping errors. Citing
As is evident from the record, there was a sharp divergence in the testimony, with Deirocini contending that the bookkeeping error had nothing to do with her decision to quit, and Powell claiming the opposite. The Appeal Tribunal had the opportunity to hear the testimony of both Deirocini and Powell, and its November 2, 2009 decision demonstrates it accepted the former and rejected the latter. When an agency factfinder evaluates the credibility of witnesses and makes findings of fact, we are bound by those findings where, as here, they are supported by substantial and credible evidence in the record.
Allied also argues that because Deirocini improperly relied on a hearsay account from Shire concerning Powell's remark about James's "tits," the remaining circumstances at the workplace were nothing more than "benign conduct such as swearing and mild profanity — none directed at Deirocini and none directed only at women." Allied argues that Deirocini was consequently not entitled to unemployment compensation benefits. Such a characterization grossly understates the daily stream of invectives against women. Comments such as "bitch," "dumb bitch," "stupid blonde bitch" and "c_nt" — all of which were heard by Deirocini — are neither "benign" nor "mild profanity." Instead, the daily use of such degrading language creates a hostile work environment even when the petitioner or claimant is not herself the target of the remarks, so long as she hears the remarks or is aware that such remarks have been made.
Moreover, we reject Allied's effort to rely on two unpublished decisions of this court,
Finally, we reject Allied's contention that it was unfairly prejudiced, and denied a fair and unbiased hearing, when Deirocini was permitted to testify about the settlement of her sexual harassment lawsuit against Allied and Powell. First, we state the obvious. Allied never objected to that testimony. In the absence of an objection, the testimony in question does not constitute reversible error unless "clearly capable of producing an unjust result."
Affirmed.