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DAVIS v. NEW YORK STATE OFFICE FOR PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, 3:11-cv-1263(GLS/DEP). (2012)

Court: District Court, N.D. New York Number: infdco20120418d53 Visitors: 3
Filed: Apr. 16, 2012
Latest Update: Apr. 16, 2012
Summary: MEMORANDUM-DECISION AND ORDER GARY L. SHARPE, Chief Judge. I. Introduction Plaintiff Dorothy Davis commenced this action against defendant New York State Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPDD) asserting claims of racial discrimination and employment retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1991. 1 ( See Compl., Dkt. No. 1.) Pending is OPDD's motion to dismiss. ( See Dkt. No. 9.) For the reasons that follow, the motion is granted. II. Backgr
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MEMORANDUM-DECISION AND ORDER

GARY L. SHARPE, Chief Judge.

I. Introduction

Plaintiff Dorothy Davis commenced this action against defendant New York State Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPDD) asserting claims of racial discrimination and employment retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1991.1 (See Compl., Dkt. No. 1.) Pending is OPDD's motion to dismiss. (See Dkt. No. 9.) For the reasons that follow, the motion is granted.

II. Background2

Davis, a former employee of the Broome Developmental Center, claims that she was "treated differently from the other employees at [her] job who were white." (Compl. ¶ 8.) Although she was permitted to cook meals for the clients at the facility, Davis was not permitted to go to the supermarket for them, was falsely accused of leaving work early and placed in a building where other staff members were "doing things to make [her] lose [her] job." (Id. ¶¶ 8-9.) Davis now alleges the following three causes of action against OPDD: (1) race discrimination; (2) retaliation; and (3) improper termination.3 (See id. ¶ 9.)

III. Standard of Review

The standard of review under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 is well established and will not be repeated here.4 For a full discussion of the standard, the court refers the parties to its decision in Ellis v. Cohen & Slamowitz, LLP, 701 F.Supp.2d 215, 218 (N.D.N.Y. 2010).

IV. Discussion

OPDD argues that Davis's Complaint should be dismissed as she fails to state actionable Title VII retaliation or discrimination claims.5 (See Dkt. No. 9, Attach. 1 at 2-3.) Davis responds that she was illegally fired, and thus, her claims should not be dismissed. (See generally Dkt. No. 11.) The court agrees with OPDD.

To sustain her retaliation cause of action, Davis must allege: "(1) participation in a protected activity; (2) that she knew of the protected activity; (3) an adverse employment action; and (4) a causal connection between the protected activity and the adverse employment action." McMenemy v. City of Rochester, 241 F.3d 279, 282-83 (2d Cir. 2001). With respect to the first element—which OPDD claims is lacking here—Davis must have a "good faith, reasonable belief that [s]he was opposing an employment practice made unlawful by Title VII." Id. (citing Wimmer v. Suffolk Cnty. Police Dep't, 176 F.3d 125, 134 (2d Cir. 1999)); see also 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e-2, 2000e-3 (discussing protected activities under Title VII). Despite her de minimus burden at this stage, see Woodman v. WWOR-TV, Inc., 411 F.3d 69, 76 (2d Cir. 2005), Davis's Complaint is devoid of any reference to an activity which could be construed as protected, let alone allegations regarding "a causal connection between the protected activity and the adverse employment action," McMenemy, 241 F.3d at 282-83. (See Compl. ¶¶ 8-9.) As such, Davis's retaliation claim must be dismissed.

Likewise, her Complaint also fails to plead a Title VII discrimination claim. In analyzing claims of race discrimination, courts apply the burden-shifting rules first set forth in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, which place upon the plaintiff the initial burden of making out a prima facie case of discrimination. 411 U.S. 792, 802-03 (1973). A plaintiff satisfies this burden by showing: "(1) membership in a protected class; (2) satisfactory job performance; (3) termination from employment or other adverse employment action; and (4) the ultimate filling of the position with an individual who is not a member of the protected class." Farias v. Instructional Sys., Inc., 259 F.3d 91, 98 (2d Cir. 2001). Notably, the fourth prong may also be satisfied by demonstrating that "the discharge . . . occurred under circumstances giving rise to an inference of discrimination" based on the plaintiff's membership in a protected class. Id.

In the instant case, Davis's Complaint contains only "labels and conclusions" of race discrimination. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). Among other things, Davis's Complaint does not contain any "factual content that allows the court" to reasonably conclude, id., that her discharge "occurred under circumstances giving rise to an inference of discrimination," Farias, 259 F.3d at 98. Stated another way, Davis's termination appears to be based on her alleged misconduct, not her race.6 (See Compl. ¶ 9.) Thus, this cause of action must also be dismissed.7

Despite these deficiencies, the court recognizes that this is the first time that Davis has been alerted to the deficiencies in her Complaint. Accordingly, this dismissal is without prejudice to Davis's right to file an Amended Complaint—if she so chooses—consistent with this Memorandum-Decision and Order. The Amended Complaint must be filed within thirty (30) days of the date of this order and strictly comply with the requirements of, inter alia, N.D.N.Y. L.R. 7.1(a)(4) and Fed. R. Civ. P. 11(b). If Davis elects to file an Amended Complaint, OPDD shall have fourteen (14) days to file the appropriate response, and/or renew its motion to dismiss.

V. Conclusion

WHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, it is hereby

ORDERED that OPDD's motions to dismiss (Dkt. No. 9) is GRANTED and all claims against them are DISMISSED; and it is further

ORDERED that Davis may—in accordance with requirements of N.D.N.Y. L.R. 7.1(a)(4)—file an Amended Complaint, if she can, in good faith, allege sufficient facts to cure the deficiencies articulated above, within thirty (30) days of this order; and it is further

ORDERED that if Davis elects to file an Amended Complaint, OPDD shall have fourteen (14) days to file the appropriate response, and/or renew its motion to dismiss; and it is further

ORDERED that if Davis does not file an Amended Complaint within thirty (30) days of this order, the Clerk is directed to enter judgment in favor of OPDD and close this case; and it is further

ORDERED that the Clerk provide a copy of this Memorandum-Decision and Order to the parties.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

FootNotes


1. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq.
2. The allegations are drawn from Davis's Complaint and presented in a light most favorable to her.
3. Davis's third cause of action appears to challenge the basis of her termination. (See Compl. ¶ 9.) In so doing, however, Davis poses a question in lieu of an actionable claim. (See id.) Though the third cause of action must be dismissed as unintelligible, the court considers the factual allegations contained therein in its review of Davis's retaliation and discrimination claims. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6).
4. Because Davis is proceeding pro se, the court will construe her Complaint liberally. See Triestman v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 470 F.3d 471, 474 (2d Cir. 2006).
5. OPDD also argues that to the extent Davis sought to pursue a constitutional claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, such a claim would be barred by the Eleventh Amendment. (See Dkt. No. 9, Attach. 1 at 2.) While the court is unable to discern a section 1983 claim from Davis's Complaint, it nonetheless agrees that any constitutional claim against OPDD would be barred by the Eleventh Amendment. See Wagner v. Swarts, No. 1:09-cv-652, 2011 WL 5599571, at *10 (N.D.N.Y. Nov. 17, 2011) (discussing Eleventh Amendment immunity).
6. Indeed, the third cause of action discusses Davis's alleged abuse of a client as opposed to her race as the basis for her termination. (See Compl. ¶ 9.)
7. In spite of these failures, Davis's response contains additional factual allegations that—if substantially explicated and included in an amended complaint—could form the basis of a Title VII claim. (See generally Dkt. No. 11); see also McCarthy v. Dun & Bradstreet Corp., 482 F.3d 184, 191 (2d Cir. 2007) (explaining that the court's review is limited to the "four corners of the complaint").
Source:  Leagle

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