P. KEVIN CASTEL, District Judge.
Plaintiffs Scott Tubiak and Edward Cuello, on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated, bring claims under the Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. § 201,
Defendants operate a marketing research company that, among other things, "tracks the television and media-viewing habits of individual homes across the United States." (Compl. ¶ 7.) Plaintiff Scott Tubiak was employed by the defendants as a field trainer from 2008 to August 2013. (Tubiak Decl. ¶ 2.) Plaintiff Edward Cuello was employed by the defendants as a field trainer from 2012 to February 2014. (Cuello Decl. ¶ 2.) As field trainers, plaintiffs worked primarily from their own home and on the road, traveling to and from customers' homes. (Compl. ¶¶ 3, 5.)
Plaintiffs allege that they regularly worked over forty hours per week, but did not receive proper overtime pay for all of their actual overtime hours. (
Plaintiffs seek to include in the collective action all field trainers who worked for defendants from July 23, 2012 through February 28, 2014 ("Relevant Time Period").
The FLSA provides that employees may sue on behalf of "themselves and other employees similarly situated." 29 U.S.C. § 216(b). District courts have discretion to implement section 216(b) "`by facilitating notice to potential plaintiffs' of the pendency of the action and of their opportunity to opt-in as represented plaintiffs."
To determine whether a FLSA collective action should be certified, courts in this Circuit rely on a two stage process.
Courts do not need to wait for the commencement of discovery before considering whether to approve a conditional collective action. Instead, "courts have endorsed the sending of notice early in the proceeding, as a means of facilitating the FLSA's broad remedial purpose and promoting efficient case management."
Plaintiffs, former and current field trainers for Nielsen, seek to include in a collective action "all persons who worked for defendants . . . as Field Trainers . . . from July 23, 2012 through February 28, 2014." (Proposed Order.) The Court grants conditional certification to all full-time field trainers who worked for Nielsen during the Relevant Time Period, insofar as they have claims related to Nielsen's Drive Time Policy. At this preliminary stage, plaintiffs have sufficiently demonstrated that full-time field trainers are similarly situations only with respect to overtime wage claims for drive time deducted from their total work hours.
Plaintiffs have submitted sworn declarations asserting that Nielsen's Drive Time Policy worked to deduct up to one hour per day from all field trainers' compensable time for driving time to and from their home offices at the beginning and end of the day. (Tubiak Decl. ¶¶ 8-9; Cuello Decl. ¶¶ 8, 10.) A copy of the Drive Time Policy confirms as much, which states that field trainers' "first and last drive time is reduced by 30 minutes to account for a normal commute time to work." (Pls.' Br., Ex. B.) Plaintiffs also assert that they knew that the Drive Time Policy applied to all field trainers "through conversations with many Field Trainers who told [them] that the policy was applied to them." (Tubiak Decl. ¶ 10; Cuello Decl. ¶ 11.) Moreover, plaintiff Cuello attests that he worked in 11 states, and that the Drive Time Policy applied to him in all those states. (Cuello Decl. ¶¶ 9-10.)
Plaintiffs also submitted an additional affidavit for the first time in its reply from Nathan Murray, a field trainer employed by defendants, which further supports their claim. Murray attests that he worked in 28 states and that the Drive Time Policy applied to him in all those states. (Murray Decl. ¶¶ 3, 10.) Although material submitted for the first time on reply raising new arguments may be stricken, material that amplifies or responds to arguments in the opposition can be considered.
Furthermore, in the face of plaintiffs' assertion that the Drive Time Policy applied nationwide, defendants did not directly refute the point. Rather, defendants argue, that it is an "unremarkable policy of not compensating Field Trainers for their normal daily commute," and the policy may be addressed differently across the country by different field trainers. (Defs.' Br. 9.) Their assertion that the policy may have been applied to individual employees differently is inadequate to prevent conditional certification.
Defendants also assert that plaintiffs do not state a claim for relief for overtime wages because they worked an average of less than 40 hours per week. (Defs.' Br. 9-10.) The argument is misleading, however, since defendants focus on the average rather than the actual number of hours plaintiffs worked in any given week. 29 U.S.C. § 207(a)(1) ("[N]o employer shall employ any of his employees . . . for a workweek longer than forty hours unless such employee receives compensation for his employment . . . ."). Plaintiffs' paystubs confirm that plaintiffs accumulated a substantial amount of overtime pay in parts of 2013, even if they ultimately worked less than 40 hours per week on average. (Kurtz Supp. Decl., Ex. A.)
Based on the foregoing, the Court concludes that the Complaint and supporting declarations contain specific allegations establishing a factual nexus between plaintiffs and other full-time field trainers employed by defendants.
For their remaining claims, plaintiffs fail to make a sufficient factual showing to meet their "modest" burden on a motion for conditional certification. With respect to their claim for work performed before the first and after the last customer visit of each day, plaintiff Cuello only states that he, "like Nielsen's other Field Trainers . . . began and ended each work day by performing work from my home for Defendants." (Cuello Decl. ¶ 5.) Meanwhile, plaintiff Tubiak asserts that performing "administrative tasks from my home at the beginning of the day . . . was an essential part of my job as a Field Trainer." (Tubiak ¶ 6.) Both plaintiffs' assertions are conclusory and unsupported.
With respect to meal breaks, plaintiffs only attest that they themselves regularly did not take their meal breaks due to the demands of their jobs. (Tubiak Decl. ¶ 12; Cuello Decl. ¶ 13). Plaintiffs do not allege that they are aware of other field trainers having to do the same. All plaintiffs provide is a generalized statement that "other Field Trainers also worked overtime hours for Nielsen that were not paid by Defendants as a result of the violations alleged in this lawsuit." (Cuello Decl. ¶ 14; Tubiak ¶ 13.) Without more detailed factual allegations, the Court has no basis for concluding that all field trainers worked during their thirty-minute lunch break. "Although plaintiffs' burden at this stage is `modest,' `it is not non-existent' and `certification is not automatic.'"
In sum, the Court concludes that plaintiffs have made a "modest factual showing" that potential opt-in plaintiffs were the subject of a common policy or plan, insofar as that policy relates to overtime wages for drive time deducted from their total work hours. Plaintiffs' proposed order conditionally certifying a collective action should be resubmitted to reflect these limitations. Defendants also object to producing to plaintiffs, within five calendar days, "a computer-readable data file containing the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of the Field Trainers." (Defs.' Br. 19-20.) The Court will grant the request as to names and addresses, and will consider further relief as to undeliverable mail. Nielsen has 21 days from the date of this Order to produce the information.
Plaintiffs are also directed to revise certain portions of their proposed notice. Plaintiffs shall narrow the language of the proposed notice to clarify that the collective action includes only full-time field trainers for claims related to overtime wages for drive time deducted from their total work hours. Defendants also object to the proposed notice insofar as it does not "inform [potential claimants] of possible future involvement in the action—for example, they may be required to give a deposition, respond to written discovery, and travel to New York to testify at trial." (Defs.' Br. 20-21.) Plaintiffs do not object to such language; therefore, the parties shall meet and confer to determine the content of the notice.
Lastly, plaintiffs request that the statute of limitations on the field trainers' claims be tolled from July 23, 2015—the date they requested a pre-motion conference to move for certification—to the date the Court decides the motion. The FLSA provides that the statute of limitations continues to run for individual claimants until they file written consent to join the lawsuit. 29 U.S.C. § 256(b). To avoid inequitable circumstances, a district court may toll the limitations period. In deciding whether to equitably toll the limitations period, courts should consider whether "plaintiffs have acted with reasonable diligence in pursuing their claims and whether the circumstances are extraordinary enough to warrant equitable relief."
Here, plaintiffs have pursued their rights with reasonable diligence warranting the tolling the statute of limitations as of the date of the plaintiffs' request for a pre-motion conference on July 23, 2015. The Court set a briefing schedule, and plaintiffs filed their motion on August 10, 2015. They did not seek any extensions of time to file, and the motion was fully briefed on September 24, 2015. The parties then engaged in settlement negotiations in October and November, which do not appear to have been successful. (Dkt. No. 38-40.) Therefore, the claims of potential class members should not be penalized based on "understandable delays in rulings."
Plaintiffs' motion for conditional certification (Dkt. No. 22) is granted for fulltime field trainers with the limitations described above. Plaintiffs are directed to submit a revised proposed order conditionally certifying a collective action and a revised proposed notice to potential opt-in plaintiffs within 21 days of the date of this Order.
SO ORDERED.