HON. PAUL R. WARREN, United States Bankruptcy Judge.
Businesses often use Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code to attempt to reorganize. While under bankruptcy protection, a Chapter 11 debtor may retain control of its business and reorganize through such means as refinancing debt, selling assets, accepting or rejecting leases, and ultimately proposing a plan of reorganization—all in an effort to manage pre-bankruptcy debt burdens. Chapter 11 cases are usually complicated. Because of its complexity and expense, Chapter 11 is less frequently utilized by individual debtors. This is a Chapter 11 case filed by an individual.
On January 28, 2019, Naeem W. Butt filed a bare bones Chapter 11 petition. Then, nothing happened in his bankruptcy case. Mr. Butt's bankruptcy case languished for two months, while uncured deficiencies piled up on the docket because of Mr. Butt's failure to attend to his obligations under Chapter 11. (See ECF Nos. 5, 8). Instead of filing the missing statements, schedules, and forms required by
It is Mr. Butt's seemingly calculated inaction during the two months since this case was filed that raises issues of much concern to the Court. By filing his petition, Mr. Butt has received the benefit of the automatic stay, while failing to fulfill any of his obligations under Chapter 11 of the Code. Other than filing some of the missing schedules and statements during the past few days and providing some—but not all—of the documentation demanded by the UST, Mr. Butt has done nothing to fulfill his obligations under Chapter 11. (See ECF No. 44).
The UST has demonstrated cause to convert or dismiss this case under 11 U.S.C. §§ 1112(b)(1), (b)(4)(F), (b)(4)(G), and (b)(4)(H). The exceptions under § 1112(b)(1) and (b)(2) do not apply in this case. In the exercise of its discretion, the Court finds that dismissal of this Chapter 11 case is in the best interests of creditors and the estate. The motion of the UST is
The Court has jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §§ 157(a), 157(b)(1), and 1334(b). This is a core proceeding under 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)(2)(A) and (O). This decision constitutes the Court's findings of fact and conclusions of law to the extent required by Rule 7052 FRBP.
Naeem W. Butt is the sole officer and shareholder of F.M. Butt Hotels Corp. ("FMBHC"), which owns and operates a hotel located at 911 Brooks Avenue, Rochester, New York. (ECF No. 25, ¶ 2). FMBHC purchased the hotel and its contents ("Property") for $5,880,000 on May 17, 2017. (ECF No. 30, Ex. C). The purchase of the Property was financed by two loans to FMBHC from Access Point Financial, Inc. ("Access Point"), in exchange for which FMBHC gave a mortgage interest in the hotel and a security interest in the contents of the hotel to Access Point. (ECF No. 25, ¶¶ 3, 4). Mr. Butt personally guaranteed those obligations. He also pledged his 100% stock interest in FMBHC to collaterally secure the loans.
Mr. Butt filed this Chapter 11 proceeding on January 28, 2019, in order to stop the foreclosure sale of his stock in FMBHC, which was scheduled to occur that day. (Id. at ¶ 1). As of January 31, 2019, FMBHC's total debt owed to Access
On February 25, 2019, Mr. Butt filed a motion to voluntarily dismiss his bankruptcy case. (ECF No. 25).
On April 1, 2019, the UST filed a motion to convert or dismiss this case for cause, under 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b), because
This Court has had numerous occasions to consider the appropriateness of conversion or dismissal of a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case under 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b). In re Anvil Holdings, LP, 595 B.R. 622 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. 2019); In re 250 Pixley Rd., LLC, No. 17-20125-PRW, 2018 WL 1381316, 2018 Bankr. LEXIS 765 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. Mar. 16, 2018); In re Encore Prop. Mgmt., 585 B.R. 22 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. 2018); In re Rondaxe Props., LLC, No. 15-20222, 2015 WL 6956521, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 2140 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. June 30, 2015); In re Seneca BioEnergy, LLC, No. 14-21470, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 1685 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. May 19, 2015); In re Spencerport Dev., LLC, No. 14-21154 (PRW), 2014 WL 6886637, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4909 (Bankr. W.D.N.Y. Dec. 4, 2014). Dismissal or conversion of a Chapter 11 case must be granted under 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b), if the moving party demonstrates cause, unless the Court finds that either of the exceptions created under § 1112(b)(1) or (b)(2) apply. Anvil, 595 B.R. at 628-29; Rondaxe, 2015 WL 6956521, at *, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 2140, at *4-5; Seneca, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 1685, at *6; Spencerport, 2014 WL 6886637, at *, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4909, at *3-4. Here, no party in interest has requested the appointment of a Chapter 11 trustee or examiner, and no "unusual circumstances" have been identified that would make conversion or dismissal contrary to the best interests of creditors. 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b)(1) and (2). The court finds that the exceptions under § 1112(b)(1) and (b)(2) do not apply in this case.
The moving party bears the initial burden to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, the existence of cause to convert or dismiss a Chapter 11 case. Anvil, 595 B.R. at 629; Rondaxe, 2015 WL 6956521, at *, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 2140, at *5; Seneca, 2015 Bankr. LEXIS 1685, at *7; Spencerport, 2014 WL 6886637, at *, 2014 Bankr. LEXIS 4909, at *4; 7 Collier on Bankruptcy ¶ 1112.04[4] (16th ed. rev.). If the moving party establishes cause—and the Court finds (as it has) that the exceptions under § 1112(b)(1) and (b)(2) do not apply—the statute commands that the Court must convert or dismiss the Chapter 11 case. 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b)(1). Here, the UST has demonstrated that cause to convert or dismiss exists. While Mr. Butt attempts to excuse away many of his failures to timely fulfill his Chapter 11 obligations, Mr. Butt concedes that he failed to attend the § 341 Meeting of Creditors, as mandated by 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b)(4)(G).
The decision of whether to convert or dismiss this Chapter 11 case turns on which remedy will serve the best interests of creditors and the estate. Here, dismissal best serves those interests. Mr. Butt's bankruptcy case was filed for the sole purpose of stopping the foreclosure sale of his stock in F.M. Butt Hotels Corp. (ECF No. 25, ¶ 1). His estate consists of his stock in FMBHC, two late-model vehicles, and an unverified interest in inherited real estate in Pakistan. (Id. ¶ 6). Apart from his guaranty obligation to FMBHC, a secured claim, Mr. Butt has no significant unsecured debt. (Id. ¶ 5). This case is a two-party dispute between Mr. Butt and Access Point. Mr. Butt's efforts here appear to be nothing more than a litigation tactic to prevent Access Point from exercising its rights as a secured creditor under the loan guarantee agreements. Access Point should be allowed to pursue its rights under New York State law. Accordingly, the Court finds that dismissal of this case serves the best interest of creditors.
The extra layer of relief sought by Access Point—dismissal with a bar to refiling for 1 year—goes too far. While Mr. Butt does not deserve to have this case continue, given the command of 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b)(1), he has not done enough (yet) to warrant the imposition of dismissal "with prejudice." The request by Access Point for a one-year bar to refiling by Mr. Butt is denied on the facts of this case.
The Court finds, in the exercise of its discretion, that dismissal of this case is in the best interests of creditors and the estate. The motion of the UST is