WILLIAM M. SKRETNY, Chief District Judge.
1. On December 9, 2011, pro se plaintiff Yvonne Bailey-Lynch filed an amended complaint in response to this Court's Decision and Order, filed November 2, 2011. In accordance with that Decision, Plaintiff's amended complaint restricts her claims to those arising under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ("Title VII"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e-2000e-17, and the New York State Human Rights Law ("NYSHRL"), N.Y. Exec. Law §§ 290-297. Plaintiff continues to allege that Defendant committed multiple acts of discrimination against her on the basis of race, color, and sex. Defendant has brought a second motion to dismiss, which is presently before this Court. For the following reasons, Defendant's motion to dismiss is granted.
2. This Court assumes the parties' familiarity with the facts and procedural history of this case, contained in the Court's previous Decision. Relevant to the present motion, this Court filed a Decision and Order on November 2, 2011, granting in part and denying in part Defendant's motion to dismiss, but granting Plaintiff leave to file an amended complaint. (Docket No. 15.) Plaintiff filed her amended complaint on December 9, 2011. (Docket No. 16.) Defendant subsequently filed a second motion to dismiss on December 28, 2011. (Docket No. 17.) This Court issued a scheduling notice, and briefing on Defendant's motion concluded on February 17, 2012, at which time this Court took Defendant's motion under advisement without oral argument.
3. Plaintiff's amended complaint is broadly similar to her original pleading. Certain clarifications have, however, been made. For example, Plaintiff now claims that she was first employed by Defendant on March 13 instead of March 16, 2005. The first discriminatory act is now alleged to have occurred in June 2007, rather than June of 2008. The dates of the alleged discriminatory acts have also been pled with greater specificity, now falling on July 2007, December 5, 2008, October 2008, April 2009 (curiously identified as the last date of discriminatory conduct), and January 2, 2010.
Some claims have also been added. Together with accusing Defendant of terminating her employment, failing to promote her, failing to provide reasonable accommodations, sexual harassment, retaliation for complaining about discrimination or harassment directed at herself and others, Plaintiff now also accuses Defendant of failing to employ her, harassment on the basis of unequal terms and conditions of employment, failing to pay her for services rendered, stealing sales, and "putting [Plaintiff's] fine reputation of a honest sales person jepordy [sic]." (Am. Comp. ¶ 13, Docket No. 16.) Plaintiff also lists a number of related claims and the exhibits in which these may be found.
4. The facts alleged in support of these claims also largely mirror those in her previous complaint. Plaintiff, after being hired on March 13, 2005, was promoted from customer service sales representative to account executive in June of 2008. (
5. Rule 12(b)(6) allows dismissal of a complaint for "failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted." Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). Federal pleading standards are generally not stringent: Rule 8 requires only a short and plain statement of a claim. Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). But the plain statement must "possess enough heft to show that the pleader is entitled to relief."
6. When determining whether a complaint states a claim, the court must construe it liberally, accept all factual allegations as true, and draw all reasonable inferences in the plaintiff's favor.
7. "To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to `state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.'"
8. Title VII makes it unlawful to "fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or to otherwise discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual's race, color, religion, sex, or national origin." 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a)(1). Accordingly, the "sine qua non of a ... discriminatory action claim under Title VII is that the discrimination must be because" of the employee's protected characteristic.
9. Although at the motion to dismiss stage, a plaintiff is not required to plead specific facts showing a prima facie case of discrimination,
10. Plaintiff's amended complaint does nothing to correct these problems. Instead, Plaintiff again lists a series of alleged wrongdoings by Franz, her manager, and Defendant, without tying those acts to a discriminatory motive.
11. Here, Plaintiff's amended complaint does not so much as wave at facts giving rise to a plausible inference of discriminatory intent. She was allegedly passed over for a promotion to sales manager, but admits that she has previously been promoted. She worked for three weeks on a project and received no pay, but was informed that the project's client had refused to pay. Defendant did not send her tax documents, but had done so in the past. Not only do each of these accusations fail to, in any way, relate to Plaintiff's race, color, or sex, but each contains a fact calling into question the presence of a discriminatory motive. Such allegations are insufficient to survive dismissal.
12. Her response to Defendant's motion, titled a "SHORT CONCISE STATEMENT OF MATERIAL FACTS" in accordance with Local Rule 56.1(a), does nothing to change this outcome.
13. More relevant are the allegations raised in Plaintiff's responding memorandum that Franz made a statement to the effect that another employee had descended from "the people whom flew the plane in 911 disaster." (Pl.'s Resp. 24, Docket No. 20-1.)
14. While these assertions get closer to reaching the level of plausibility necessary to resist a 12(b)(6) motion, they nonetheless come up short. For example, although plaintiff was apparently excluded from a conference call with male colleagues who were similarly pursuing a management position, she admits that she was promoted along with five other white male employees to the position of account executive. (
15. Irrespective of that, Defendant has also argued that any denial of promotion claim is administratively barred for not having been raised in her Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC") charge. Plaintiff's charge of discrimination, received by the EEOC on March 25, 2009, includes her claim that she was denied a trip to Ohio, experienced issues with pay, was warned that she could quit if she did not agree with her immediate supervisor's decision to transfer a customer to a co-worker, and was not provided her W-2 information. (EEOC Charge, attached to Am. Comp., Docket No. 16.) Nowhere in that charge, or even her amended complaint, does she discuss being denied the opportunity to pursue the location office manager position.
16. A plaintiff's failure to first present a claim to the EEOC may result in dismissal where the new claim is not reasonably related to the charge before the administrative agency.
17. Here, the second and third criteria are clearly not met. Her application for promotion being impeded is, here, neither a claim of retaliation for filing an EEOC charge, nor one carried out in the same manner as other claims. The only question is whether the promotion claim could be reasonably expected to fall within the scope of the EEOC's investigation. In this regard, the key inquiry is whether Plaintiff's filing put the EEOC on notice to investigate the claim.
18. In comparing the allegation in her responding memoranda to the facts alleged in her EEOC charge, this Court concludes that her claim to have been impeded from seeking promotion is not reasonably related. As an initial matter, the EEOC charge does not even mention the matter of promotion, much less the positions for which she sought promotion.
19. Plaintiff's only remaining claim, which she refers to repeatedly and did include in her EEOC charge, is that she was not allowed to participate in a job-related road trip to Ohio in June of 2007 on the ground that there were no accommodations for women. A Caucasian female was allowed to accompany male employees on a similar trip to Chicago, Illinois. This Court previously addressed this claim and noted that Plaintiff had admitted that she was never prohibited from going on the Chicago trip, and actually declined the opportunity. Her amended complaint states nothing new. Her response only adds that she was "denied trip to Ohio with Black young males [sic] employees of MTP, whom [Plaintiff] had trained only to have them fired and or quit after the trip no acc[ident]." (Pl.'s Resp. 25.) This does not alter this Court's previous determination that this claim fails to meet Federal pleading rules. Additionally, the conduct having occurred in June of 2007, and the administrative charge not being filed until sometime in 2009, this claim is time-barred for falling outside the requisite 300-day EEOC filing deadline.
20. Plaintiff's employment discrimination claims under the NYSHRL are subject to the same standards as her Title VII claims.
21. For the foregoing reasons, Defendant's motion to dismiss will be granted and Plaintiff's amended complaint will be dismissed.
IT HEREBY IS ORDERED, that Defendant's Motion to Dismiss (Docket No. 17) is GRANTED.
FURTHER, that it is hereby certified, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3), that any appeal from this judgment would not be taken in good faith and therefore denies leave to appeal as a poor person.
FURTHER, that the Clerk of the Court shall close this case.
SO ORDERED.