BAY MITCHELL, Judge.
¶ 1 Appellant Bankers Trust Company of California, N.A., as Custodian or Trustee (Bank) appeals from the trial court's Order dismissing the foreclosure/breach of contract
¶ 2 To enable the purchase of their home in Claremore, Home Owners obtained a loan from Bank's predecessor in interest in 1997. Home Owner Ronald R. Wallis executed a promissory note and both Homeowners executed a real estate mortgage on October 29, 1997, in the principal amount of $182,500 with interest on the unpaid balance until paid in full (payable in monthly installments of $2,429.15).
¶ 3 This foreclosure action has a complicated history. Bank initially filed suit to foreclose in February 2000. That suit was dismissed without prejudice on September 30, 2002 for failure to prosecute. The Petition in the instant case was filed on May 3, 2005. Sometime in the summer of 2007, the trial court mailed Bank's counsel a notice that the case would be placed on a civil disposition docket on September 5, 2007. Counsel never received the notice (because he had moved and had failed to provide the trial court with his new address). Thus, Bank's counsel failed to appear at the disposition hearing and subsequently, the court clerk entered an unsigned minute order on that date indicating on the docket "case dismissed
¶ 4 Subsequent to the first appeal and back in the trial court, in May 2011 Home Owners filed a Motion to Dismiss
¶ 5 In its response, Bank argued the statute of repose is an affirmative defense, which Homeowners waived by failing to assert it timely in their answer.
¶ 6 Home Owners' reply brief clarifies their primary position on the Motion to Dismiss, which is that Bank's case has been
¶ 7 This case presents a question of statutory construction and is thus a question of law subject to de novo review. Curry v. Streater, 2009 OK 5, ¶ 8, 213 P.3d 550, 554. The primary goal of statutory construction is to ascertain and follow the intention of the legislature. TRW/Reda Pump v. Brewington, 1992 OK 31, 829 P.2d 15, 20. The plain meaning of a statute's language is conclusive except in the rare case when literal construction would produce a result demonstrably at odds with legislative intent. Samman v. Multiple Injury Trust Fund, 2001 OK 71, ¶ 13, 33 P.3d 302, 307; City of Tulsa v. Public Employees Relations Board, 1998 OK 92, ¶ 14, 967 P.2d 1214, 1220. Further, "[a]n absurd result cannot be presumed to have been intended by the drafters." Rogers v. Quiktrip Corp., 2010 OK 3, ¶ 11, 230 P.3d 853, 859.
¶ 8 As of the writing of this opinion, there is only one published opinion interpreting 46 O.S. § 301. See Cinco Enterprises, Inc. v. Botts, 1996 OK CIV APP 113, 931 P.2d 81. A statute of repose "restricts potential liability by limiting the time during which a cause can arise. It thus serves to bar a cause of action before it accrues." Id. at 82 (quoting Smith v. Westinghouse Elec. Corp., 1987 OK 3, 732 P.2d 466, n. 11). The Court in Cinco held § 301 was a statute of repose and found "the language [therein] sets the outer boundary beyond which an action for foreclosure may be brought and allows no exceptions thereto." Id. (emphasis added). In Cinco, the Court clearly interpreted the time period of § 301 as establishing the outer boundary beyond which thereafter no cause of action arises.
¶ 9 Cinco is silent as to whether § 301 may operate to extinguish a cause of action which has already arisen and suit has already been commenced within the statutorily permitted time, but remains pending beyond the statute of repose time period. General principles of law, however, governing statutes of repose
¶ 10 The cause of action here was timely commenced — both with the filing of the Petition in the initial action in 2000, and with its re-filing in 2005.
¶ 11 Our review of the entire statute, case law, and rules of statutory construction lead only to the conclusion that Home Owners' construction is strained, absurd, and inconsistent with legislative intent. "A statutory construction which would lead to an absurdity will be avoided if this can be done without violating the evident legislative intent." Wooten v. Hall, 1968 OK 90, 442 P.2d 334, 336. Further, "[a]n inept or incorrect choice of words [in the statute] will not be construed or applied in such manner as to destroy the real and obvious purpose of a legislative enactment." Id. (citation omitted). The Home Owners' strained interpretation is at odds with the obvious intent of the statute. To interpret the statute as providing for the extinguishment of timely filed actions pending in excess of the statutory time period would encourage and reward tactics designed to intentionally delay the resolution of foreclosure cases in an attempt to ultimately avoid legitimate mortgage payment obligations.
¶ 12 Further, as used in § 301, we construe the term "had or maintained" to be synonymous with "commenced." The Legislature intended § 301 as a statute of repose, which operates to set a fixed time period within which a party must file its foreclosure petition. The trial court erred in interpreting § 301 as extinguishing a pending cause of action, which had been timely commenced within the applicable statutory time period.
¶ 13 The trial court's dismissal of Bank's foreclosure action on the basis of 46 O.S. § 301 is REVERSED and this cause is REMANDED for further proceedings.
BELL, P.J., and HETHERINGTON, J., concur.
In the instant case, if the accelerated due date was February 29, 2000 (the accelerated due date as determined by the trial court), then Bank's filing of the Petition in May 2005 was within the six-year statute of limitations and therefore timely filed. Homeowners argue a determination on this issue in another lawsuit (CJ-2007-717) filed against them on November 14, 2007 by another party plaintiff is binding here. However, we note the instant case was commenced in excess of two years prior to that action and therefore, a different time period applied there for purposes of calculating the running of the statute of limitations. Thus, while the court in that case might have correctly concluded the statute of limitations barred enforcement of the note in that case (because the plaintiff there filed its Petition two years subsequent to Bank filing here), that determination entered against a different party plaintiff is not binding here. "A judgment in favor of or adverse to the interest or title of an assignee or grantee, rendered in an action to which the assignor or grantor is not a party, is not conclusive as between the assignor or grantor and the successful assailant of the assignee's or grantee's interest or title." 47 AM. JUR. 2D Judgments § 592. We find the trial court erred in its dismissal of the contract claim on statute of repose grounds.