JOHNSON, Judge.
¶ 1 Appellant Starr Fernette Newlun, was tried in a non-jury trial in the District Court of Tulsa County, Case No. CF-2013-843, and convicted of Aggravated Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol, after former conviction of a felony DUI (Count 1), in violation of 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902(D), and Failure to Yield at an Intersection (Count 2), in violation of 47 O.S.2011, § 11-403. The Honorable William C. Kellough, who presided at trial, sentenced Newlun to five years suspended and a $600.00 fine for Count 1 and a fine of $10.00 for Count 2. From this Judgment and Sentence, Newlun appeals, raising the following questions:
¶ 2 We find relief is required and that the district court's Judgment and Sentence on Count 1 should be modified. The Judgment and Sentence on Count 2 is affirmed.
¶ 3 On November 3, 2012, Starr Newlun was stopped in Tulsa after Captain Robert Holman with the Tulsa County Sheriff's Office saw her hit a curb with her car three times and run a stop sign. Newlun smelled strongly of alcohol, had slurred speech, bloodshot watery eyes and difficulty standing. She admitted to being drunk and failed several field sobriety tests. She also agreed to take a breath test which showed a result of .22 BAC, fifteen hundredths over the limit.
¶ 4 Newlun was subsequently charged and convicted of felony aggravated driving under the influence (DUI), after a prior felony DUI. She had been previously convicted of felony DUI on October 22, 1997, and sentenced to two years imprisonment. Prior to trial on this case, Newlun filed a motion to dismiss arguing that she could be convicted only of misdemeanor DUI in this case because her prior felony DUI conviction was committed and the resulting sentence completed more than ten years before the crime in this case was committed. The trial court denied Newlun's motion, finding that "once a person has achieved a felony status, [] the ten year rule does not apply."
¶ 5 Newlun argues on appeal that the trial court's ruling was in error and that under 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902, her conviction for DUI in this case should be a misdemeanor, not a felony. Because this claim raises an issue of statutory interpretation, it presents a question of law that this
¶ 6 Title 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902(C)(1) provides that a person convicted of driving under the influence "shall be guilty of a misdemeanor for the first offense." This section further provides that if, during the period of court-imposed probation or within ten years of the date following the completion of the execution of any sentence or deferred judgment for a violation of this section, a person commits a second offense pursuant to the provisions of this section, that person shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a felony. 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902(C)(2). This section also addresses the punishment provisions for those convicted of second and third or subsequent felony offenses of this section. 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902(C)(3) & (4).
¶ 7 As to aggravated driving under the influence, 47 O.S.Supp.2012, § 11-902(D) provides, "[a]ny person who is convicted of a violation of driving under the influence with a blood or breath alcohol concentration of fifteen-hundredths (0.15) or more pursuant to this section shall be deemed guilty of aggravated driving under the influence." This subsection further provides:
¶ 8 A fundamental principle of statutory construction requires this Court to determine and give effect to the intention of the Legislature. State v. Iven, 2014 OK CR 8, ¶ 13, 335 P.3d 264, 268. Legislative intent is determined first by the plain and ordinary language of the statute. Johnson v. State, 2013 OK CR 12, ¶ 10, 308 P.3d 1053, 1055. "A statute should be given a construction according to the fair import of its words taken in their usual sense, in conjunction with the context, and with reference to the purpose of the provision." Id. (citation omitted). When language of a statute is unambiguous, resort to additional rules of construction is unnecessary. Barnard v. State, 2005 OK CR 13, ¶ 7, 119 P.3d 203, 205-06. We must hold a statute to mean what it plainly expresses and cannot resort to interpretive devices to create a different meaning. Johnson, 2013 OK CR 12, ¶ 10, 308 P.3d at 1055.
¶ 9 Additionally, a primary rule of statutory construction, the "rule of lenity," requires that we construe statutes strictly against the state and liberally in favor of the accused. State v. Day, 1994 OK CR 67, ¶ 11, 882 P.2d 1096, 1098. "[W]ords not found in the text of a criminal statute will not be read into it for the purpose of extending it or giving it an interpretation in conformity with a supposed policy." State v. District Court of Cleveland County, State of Okl., 1991 OK CR 68, ¶ 6, 816 P.2d 552, 554
State v. Tran, 2007 OK CR 39, ¶ 8, 172 P.3d 199, 200, quoting Matthews v. Powers, 1967
¶ 10 In Kolberg v. State, 1996 OK CR 41, ¶ 2-8, 925 P.2d 66, 67-68, this Court addressed an issue similar to the one in this case under facts similar to those presented here. The defendant in Kolberg was charged and convicted of DUI, second and subsequent offense. His prior conviction was for felony DUI. As in the present case, the felony DUI at issue in Kolberg occurred over ten years after his first felony DUI conviction. Kolberg argued, and this Court agreed, that because his conviction on the first felony DUI had occurred over ten years before he committed the second felony DUI, the time constraints of section 11-902 required that his second felony DUI be modified to misdemeanor DUI.
¶ 11 The plain language of section 11-902 specifies that the first offense of DUI is a misdemeanor and a second offense of DUI committed while a person is on probation or within ten years of the date following the completion of the execution of any sentence or deferred judgment for a DUI under this section, is a felony. Nothing in the plain language of the statute supports an interpretation that once a person has been convicted of a felony he cannot subsequently be convicted of a misdemeanor DUI if his next offense occurs more than ten years after the completion of his sentence for the prior DUI. While the State argues that the legislature's omission of time limitations from subsections 3 and 4 of section 11-902(C) supports the conclusion that second and third DUI offenses are felonies, these subsections address only the punishment provisions for second and third felonies.
¶ 12 The district court's Judgment on Count 1 is
SMITH, P.J. concur in results.
LUMPKIN, V.P.J. and LEWIS, J.: concur.