MARCO A. HERNANDEZ, District Judge.
Plaintiff Brandi Lynn Cain brings this action seeking judicial review of the Commissioner's final decision to deny disability insurance benefits and supplemental security income. This court has jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. § 405 (g) (incorporated by 42 U.S.C. § 1382(c)(3)). I affirm the Commissioner's decision for the following reasons.
Plaintiff protectively filed for disability insurance benefits and supplemental security income on October 16, 2007. Tr. 24, 90-93. These claims alleged an onset date of April 1, 2006. Tr. 53. Her claims were denied initially and on reconsideration. Tr. 96, 100, 104, 108. On February 9, 2010, plaintiff appeared for a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). Tr. 40. On April 30, 2010, the ALJ found plaintiff not disabled. Tr. 21-34. The Appeals Council denied review on October 19, 2011. Tr. 1-6.
Plaintiff alleges disability due to bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and personality disorder. Tr. 112, 200. At the time of the hearing, she was 44 years old. Tr. 45. She graduated from high school and has a culinary school certificate. Tr. 46. Because the parties are familiar with the medical and other evidence of record, I only refer to any additional relevant facts necessary to my decision in the discussion section below.
A claimant is disabled if unable to "engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which . . . has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months[.]" 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A). Disability claims are evaluated according to a five-step procedure.
In the first step, the Commissioner determines whether a claimant is engaged in "substantial gainful activity." If so, the claimant is not disabled.
In step three, the Commissioner determines whether the impairment meets or equals "one of a number of listed impairments that the [Commissioner] acknowledges is so severe as to preclude substantial gainful activity."
In step four, the Commissioner determines whether the claimant, despite any impairment(s), has the residual functional capacity (RFC) to perform "past relevant work." 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(e), 416.920(e). If the claimant can return to past relevant work, the claimant is not disabled. If the claimant cannot perform past relevant work, the burden shifts to the Commissioner. In step five, the Commissioner must establish that the claimant can perform other work.
At step one, the ALJ determined that plaintiff had not engaged in substantial gainful activity since her alleged onset date. Tr. 26. Next, at step two, the ALJ determined that plaintiff had severe impairments of a mood disorder, a personality disorder, anxiety, alcohol and drug dependence, and obesity.
A court may set aside the Commissioner's denial of benefits only when the Commissioner's findings are based on legal error or are not supported by substantial evidence in the record as a whole.
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in concluding she was not disabled. Specifically, she argues that the ALJ (1) failed to properly evaluate plaintiff's credibility, (2) failed to give controlling weight to the opinion of plaintiff's treating physician, Susan Elmore, M.D., (3) failed to properly evaluate the lay testimony of Douglas Corrigan, (4) erred by not finding plaintiff's PTSD to be a severe impairment, and (5) erred by relying on an inaccurate RFC.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by finding her not credible. The ALJ must consider all symptoms and pain which "can be reasonably accepted as consistent with the objective medical evidence, and other evidence." 20 C.F.R. § 404.1529(a). Once a claimant shows an underlying impairment which may "reasonably be expected to produce pain or other symptoms alleged," absent a finding of malingering, the ALJ must provide "clear and convincing" reasons for finding a claimant not credible.
The ALJ's credibility findings must be "sufficiently specific to permit the reviewing court to conclude that the ALJ did not arbitrarily discredit the claimant's testimony."
Here, the ALJ did not find plaintiff's statements about the "intensity, persistence and limiting effects of [her alleged] symptoms" credible. Tr. 29. Specifically, the ALJ concluded that plaintiff was not credible because her activities of daily living showed an active lifestyle, she inconsistently reported her alcohol and marijuana use, and she did not pursue treatment consistently.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by finding that her activities of daily living showed that she is "less impaired that she alleges." Pl.'s Br. 13. The ALJ may cite a claimant's activities of daily living in his credibility analysis,
The ALJ found plaintiff not credible because she had a "spotty work history since 2002" despite her "active lifestyle[.]" Tr. 29. The ALJ noted that plaintiff can babysit her granddaughters for 10 hours per week, cook, do laundry, walk her dog, go shopping, and use a computer.
Plaintiff further disputes the ALJ's credibility finding because "an ALJ may find a claimant not disabled only if these substances [alcohol and drugs] are `material' to disability." Pl.'s Br. 15 (citing to 20 C.F.R. 404.1535 and 416.935). First, the ALJ's credibility finding regarding plaintiff's alcohol use is directed at her inconsistent statements regarding use, not the impact of alcohol on plaintiff's impairments. Tr. 29. Plaintiff incorrectly understood the ALJ's finding.
Regarding plaintiff's marijuana use, the record shows that on August 1, 2006, she indicated that she last used the drug in May 2004. Tr. 279, 281. However, in July, September, and December of 2007, plaintiff reported daily marijuana use in high quantities. Tr. 479, 648-49, 705, 778. Plaintiff also inconsistently testified that she has used marijuana "a couple times a month" since April 2006, and the last time she used it was one month prior to the hearing. Tr. 60. The ALJ did not err by finding that plaintiff was not credible because of her contradictory statements regarding her alcohol and drug use.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ should not have found plaintiff "not credible for having pursued treatment inconsistently." Pl.'s Br. 16. The ALJ concluded that plaintiff's pursuit of treatment was inconsistent because, for example, she stopped attending treatment to babysit her grandchildren. Tr. 30.
An ALJ may cite to claimant's failure to seek treatment in finding her not credible.
Plaintiff concedes that plaintiff "missed several drug rehabilitation sessions." Pl.'s Br. 16. However, plaintiff does not provide good reasons for missing rehabilitation sessions, e.g., not having medical insurance.
The ALJ stated that "[n]o treating or examining provider opined that [plaintiff] is disabled or had more limitations than those determined" by the ALJ. Tr. 30. Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by failing to "refer accurately to the evidentiary content." Pl.'s Br. 16. The disability determination is a legal conclusion reserved to the Commissioner, and therefore, a physician's opinion of disability is not binding on the ALJ's determination of disability.
Finally, plaintiff challenges the credibility finding because the ALJ found plaintiff "not credible to the extent her statements concerning the intensity, persistence and limiting effects of her symptoms are inconsistent with the residual functional capacity the ALJ arrived at[.]" Pl.'s Br. 12-13.
Judges in this Court have found this reasoning by the ALJs as erroneously circular and inconsistent with the sequential analysis.
In summary, although the ALJ's adverse credibility regarding plaintiff's daily activities is not affirmed, I nevertheless affirm the ALJ's credibility finding. Not all of the ALJ's reasons for discrediting the plaintiff must be upheld, as long as substantial evidence supports the determination.
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred in rejecting Dr. Elmore's opinion "for reasons that are neither specific nor legitimate." Pl.'s Br. 17.
Social security law recognizes three types of physicians: (1) treating, (2) examining, and (3) nonexamining.
In this case, the ALJ did not reject Dr. Elmore's opinion, but actually accorded her opinion "significant weight." Tr. 30. The ALJ did not give Dr. Elmore controlling weight because she was "vague and her records reflect improvement in claimant's symptoms with treatment."
On June 4, 2008, Dr. Elmore diagnosed plaintiff with bipolar disorder and PTSD. Tr. 798. She also opined that plaintiff had decreased "concentration when manic or severely depressed (50% of the time)" and "Good Persistence." Tr. 799. Dr. Elmore's most recent objective findings included "hallucinations or delusions," "[g]ood insight, judgment," and "memory intact." Tr. 797. Despite these diagnoses, Dr. Elmore did not explain the basis of her conclusions and, therefore, the ALJ properly considered Dr. Elmore's opinion to be vague.
Furthermore, between June 4, 2008, and September 24, 2009, Dr. Elmore reported that plaintiff's condition showed improvement. Tr. 835. She did not note any deterioration or decompensation in plaintiff's work or work-like setting; noticed progress with brief depressive episodes lasting at most two days, prolonged stability on medications, and no "restlessness, anxiety, insomnia or sedation;" and reported "significant stability," mood symptoms resolved by more than 80%.
Plaintiff also relies on records from other professionals to show that Dr. Elmore's opinion was not contradicted by other evidence. Pl.'s Br. 19. These records include opinions from Heidi Wallace, a graduate intern, Judy DeNunzio, a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, Kristen Peterca, M.A., a therapist at LifeWorks NW, and Cristian Matei, a staff member at LifeWorks NW. Tr. 337, 379, 479-81, 495-96, 498, 501, 503. According to the regulations, the ALJ was not obligated to consider the records from these professionals. 20 C.F.R. 404.1513(a); 20 C.F.R. 416.913(a).
Plaintiff also argues that the ALJ should not have relied on Dr. Leland's report because he did not review records from Dr. Elmore, Ms. Beldin-Korter, Patti Williamson, a professional counselor, or Dr. Monique Gedenk's chart notes. Pl.'s Br. 20. The ALJ did not assign any weight to Dr. Leland's opinion, but stated that his "report was objective and forms a basis for the functional limits that claimant has psychologically." Tr. 30. As explained previously, only Dr. Elmore and Dr. Gedenk qualify as acceptable medical sources that must be considered by the ALJ. The ALJ did indeed consider both Dr. Elmore and Dr. Gedenk's reports in her opinion— particularly according Dr. Elmore significant weight. The ALJ did not err by also considering Dr. Leland's opinion.
In summary, the ALJ provided specific and legitimate reasons for giving significant, but not controlling weight to Dr. Elmore's opinion. These reasons are supported by substantial evidence in the record.
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred by disregarding the "full tone and content" of Douglas Corrigan's statements, and by acting arbitrarily. Pl.'s Br. 21-22. An ALJ must consider lay witness statements concerning a claimant's ability to work.
Mr. Corrigan's written statements discuss plaintiff's daily activities that include "manic," "compulsive," and "very obsessive" household cleaning, as well as online dating, dating, attending NA meetings, and going to coffee shops. Tr. 232-34. He also indicates that plaintiff has nightmares, at times is unable to sleep, struggles with concentration, and experiences severe bouts of manic attacks followed by listless depression. Tr. 231-32, 235, 237.
The ALJ found these statements credible to the extent that the statements did not contradict other evidence in the record that had already been considered. Tr. 31. The ALJ also found that there was "more reliable medical evidence from examining medical professionals who have the expertise to evaluate the impact of the claimant's impairments on functional capacity."
At step two, plaintiff contends the ALJ erred by not also finding PTSD as a severe impairment. Pl.'s Br. 20-21. The ALJ based her finding on the records from Drs. Gedenk and Leland, her observations at the hearing, and plaintiff's testimony. Tr. 26-27. The ALJ indicated that "[o]ther symptoms and complaints appear in the medical treatment records periodically, but there is nothing to show that they are more than transient or cause significant vocational limitations." Tr. 27.
The ALJ considers the severity of the claimant's impairments at step two. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4)(ii), 416.920(a)(4)(ii). A severe impairment is one that significantly limits the claimant's physical or mental ability to do basic work activities. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(c), 416.920(c). "Basic work activities" are the abilities and aptitudes necessary to do most jobs, including physical functions such as walking, standing, sitting, and lifting. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1521(b), 416.921(b). In SSR 96-93p (available at 1996 WL 374181, at *1), the Commissioner has explained that "an impairment(s) that is `not severe' must be a slight abnormality (or a combination of slight abnormalities) that has no more than a minimal effect on the ability to do basic work activities." This inquiry is de minimis only.
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ disregarded reports from multiple professionals
Even if the ALJ erred by not finding PTSD a severe impairment, omissions at step two are harmless if the ALJ's subsequent analysis considered the effect of the omitted impairment.
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ relied on an inaccurate RFC by not recognizing that plaintiff's concentration erodes by 50 percent and that plaintiff has a moderate deficit interacting socially. Pl.'s Br. 22. As previously discussed, Dr. Elmore's opinion was given significant, but not controlling weight. And contrary to plaintiff's argument, the ALJ gave significant weight to the report from Paul Rethinger, Ph.D., (Tr. 28) who indicated that plaintiff was "moderately limited" in her "ability to interact appropriately with the general public" and in her "ability to get along with coworkers or peers without distracting them or exhibiting behavioral extremes." Tr. 270. The ALJ's RFC properly accounted for all of plaintiff's limitations.
Based on the foregoing, the Commissioner's decision is based on proper legal standards and the findings of fact are supported by substantial evidence in the record as a whole. The Commissioner's decision is affirmed.
IT IS SO ORDERED.