RESTREPO, District Judge.
The National Flood Insurance Program ("NFIP") adjusts and pays flood insurance claims through private insurers who act as fiscal agents of the United States Treasury. These private insurers issue Standard Flood Insurance Policies. Plaintiff, Psychiatric Solutions, Inc. ("Psychiatric Solutions"), had a Standard Flood Insurance Policy ("SFIP") through its insurer, Fidelity National Property and Casualty Ins. Co. ("Fidelity"). Dissatisfied with the
Before the Court is defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment on each of Psychiatric Solutions' claims.
Fidelity issued a SFIP to Psychiatric Solutions that provided flood insurance coverage for plaintiff's property located in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania. (JA 4, 7.)
The SFIP issued to Psychiatric Solutions by Fidelity was effective from September 4, 2010 through September 4, 2011. (JA 4.) A few days before the policy expired, Psychiatric Solutions suffered from flood damage caused by Hurricane Irene on August 28, 2011. (JA 7.)
After inspections and approval, Fidelity paid $500,000 for the damage to the building on December 20, 2011, and $134,275.03 for the actual cash value ("ACV") of the personal property on April 25, 2013. (JA 9 & 10.) In dispute is Fidelity's handling and payment of Psychiatric Solutions' personal property claim.
The day after Hurricane Irene, Psychiatric Solutions notified Fidelity of the damage, and on August 30, Fidelity assigned an independent adjuster. (JA 8.) Before the independent adjuster inspected the damage, Psychiatric Solutions' property was flooded again on September 8, 2011 by another storm. (JA 8.)
However, in that Fidelity was required to verify the alleged flood damage, see 44 C.F.R. § 62.23, and all claim payments were subject to final approval by Fidelity and FEMA (JA 9), Fidelity requested additional information from plaintiff, through the independent adjuster, and requested that the original contents list be revised to include items that could be documented by the independent adjuster as having been damaged by flooding associated with Hurricane Irene and that plaintiff provide the documentation supporting the damage. (JA 9.) Subsequently, the independent adjuster prepared a revised ACV contents estimate in the amount of $134,276.03 along with a POL in that amount which was signed by plaintiff on January 30, 2013 and which was submitted to Fidelity for review. (JA 9-10.)
To receive either the $170,368.80 or $134,275.03, Psychiatric Solutions was required by the SFIP to submit for approval a signed and sworn POL by FEMA's deadline. See 44 C.F.R. Pt. 61, App. A(1), Art. VII(J)(4). A POL is a document that lists the damage and how it occurred. Id. Typically the deadline for filing this form is 60 days after the damage, see id., but for Hurricane Irene, FEMA extended it to January 23, 2012. (JA 69.) When a POL is filed after FEMA's deadline, FEMA can grant a waiver to allow the claim to be paid despite its lateness. (JA 435.)
Here, two POLs were signed by Psychiatric Solutions and filed late, but FEMA granted a waiver on only one of the POLs. (JA 9-10.) The first POL for $170,368.80 was signed by Psychiatric Solutions on January 31, 2012 and received by Fidelity on February 3, 2012. (JA 16, 105.) The second POL for $134,275.03 was signed by Psychiatric Solutions on January 30, 2013. (JA 66.) Prior to filing this POL, several e-mails were exchanged questioning how the damage from the storms was separated. (JA 104, 387-88, 421-25.) About four months after the POL for $134,275.03 was signed, Fidelity requested a waiver from FEMA on the $134,275.03 claim. (JA 67.) In this email, Fidelity explained to FEMA that, "[t]here was a disagreement about which items were damaged by which storm. The insured subsequently agreed to the above damages and submitted the signed Proof of Loss ..." (JA 67-8.) The waiver for the $134,275.03 claim was approved on April 24, 2013, and Fidelity paid Psychiatric Solutions that amount the following day. (JA 67, 71, 435.)
Psychiatric Solutions subsequently requested a waiver from FEMA on plaintiff's $170,368.80 claim. (JA 445.) In this request, Psychiatric Solutions pointed out to FEMA that, "FEMA granted [Fidelity] a waiver/extension to file a second [POL] which was dated a year later than the $170k [POL]." (JA 445.) However, Psychiatric Solutions' request for a waiver on the $170,368.80 claim was denied on July 22, 2014. (JA 450.) FEMA's denial included the following explanation:
Psychiatric Solutions now argues that its untimeliness should be excused because of another earlier email. See Pl.'s Br. (Document 38) at 16. On October 11, 2011, Fidelity's Vice President of Claims emailed its independent adjuster to "not convert the contractor's bill into the estimate. Please do not allow him to take a POL on this file until we have approved this claim." (JA 106.) Psychiatric Solutions argues that this email excuses plaintiff from its obligation to file a timely POL for the personal property claim because it was a repudiation of the POL procedure provided in the SFIP, see Pl.'s Br. 16. Defendant responds that it is undisputed that Fidelity ultimately did take a POL and actually paid plaintiff $134,276.03 for personal property damage under the SFIP, and Fidelity's non-approval of the remainder of the claim was nothing more than a partial denial of the claim. See Def.'s Reply 2.
This Court has jurisdiction pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 4072 because Psychiatric Solutions seeks as damages payment of United States Treasury funds from Fidelity in its capacity as a fiscal agent of FEMA under 42 U.S.C. § 4071. Suopys, 404 F.3d at 808. In ruling on a motion for summary judgment, a court must "construe the evidence in the light most favorable" to the non-moving party, Zimmerman v. Norfolk S. Corp., 706 F.3d 170, 176 (3d Cir.2013), and grant summary judgment where "there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law," see Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(a). Once the moving party has carried its burden, the non-moving party "must do more than simply show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). It must, instead, identify evidence sufficient to support a verdict in its favor. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 250, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). "Rule 56(c) mandates the entry of summary judgment ... against a party who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial." Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). In this case, the parties have stipulated that there are no genuine issues of material fact in dispute and that this case may be resolved by the Court on the record submitted. See supra note 2; see also Order 7/28/14 (Document 56).
Psychiatric Solutions claims that Fidelity violated the SFIP by failing to pay the difference between the two POLs ($36,093.77). See Pl.'s Second Am. Compl. ("SAC") (Document 37) at 9. However, as a government fiscal agent, Fidelity could not properly pay this because Psychiatric Solutions did not fulfill its obligations under the SFIP and plaintiff was unable to obtain the required waiver for the difference in the amounts of the two signed POLs.
The SFIP places the burden on the insured to follow all of the requirements listed by the SFIP when filing a POL. Suopys, 404 F.3d at 810 (holding that despite assurances from the insurance company that the insured could file the POL after FEMA's deadline, the insured could not collect because the insured was responsible for timely filing). These requirements
Psychiatric Solutions admits that the POL for $170,368.80 was filed after the January 2012 deadline, but it raises three arguments to excuse the delay: (1) a POL for the building damage (as opposed to the contents damage) was filed on time; (2) plaintiff submitted to Fidelity all the information necessary to create a POL; and (3) FEMA granted an extension for a POL until January 2012. See Pl.'s Br. at 8-10, 16-17.
These arguments fall short because, as explained above, the responsibility lies with the insured to fulfill all the requirements of the SFIP. The filing of the building damage POL does not cause the personal property POL to be timely since it was filed past the deadline. Second, as stated in the regulations, any assistance of the insurer in completing a POL is a courtesy, and Psychiatric Solutions was ultimately responsible, regardless of what was submitted to Fidelity. Moreover, FEMA's waiver was explicitly for the amount of $134, 275.03.
Psychiatric Solutions also argues that the requirements of the SFIP should not apply because Fidelity repudiated the contract, so its actions were no longer governed by the SFIP rules. Id. at 16. Plaintiff alleges that Fidelity repudiated the contract when it sent the email to the independent adjuster on October 11, 2011 asking him to hold off submitting a POL until the claim was approved. (JA 106.)
Here, as in Jacobson v. Metropolitan Property & Cas. Ins. Co., 672 F.3d 171, 177 (2d Cir.2012), it is unnecessary to address whether repudiation can excuse noncompliance with claims requirements in the NFIP context, because Fidelity did not repudiate the policy. "Repudiating an insurance policy is not the same as denying that the claim presented is covered by the terms of that policy." Id. Even assuming this email related to the personal property claim, rather than the building damage claim, Fidelity was not shirking the contract or denying the policy as a whole by this email. Instead it was laying steps for the independent adjuster so that Psychiatric Solutions can receive its payment. Even if there may have been a delay in the filing of a POL because of this email, Psychiatric Solutions ultimately received two payments from Fidelity for the approved amounts of damage to the building and the personal property, respectively. Psychiatric Solutions was obligated to fulfill all SFIP requirements, regardless of the statements and assistance of the insurer.
Psychiatric Solutions claims that Fidelity committed misrepresentation and fraud, under federal common law. Both parties agree that SFIP and the federal
Federal common law extra-contractual claims are barred because the federal flood insurance law does not authorize them. Wright v. Allstate Ins. Co., 500 F.3d 390, 398 (5th Cir.2007); Sutor, 2009 WL 2004375, at *8. In Wright, the plaintiff raised extra-contractual claims for fraud and negligent misrepresentation for the denial of his flood coverage. Wright, 500 F.3d at 392. The Court held that he could not raise these claims under either federal or state common law because Congress did not intend for this when drafting the federal flood insurance laws. Id. Here, Psychiatric Solutions similarly raises extra-contractual claims. For the reasons explained in Wright, plaintiff's claims are denied.
As a matter of law, Psychiatric Solutions cannot prove that Fidelity breached its contract with plaintiff. Plaintiff's claim of a breach of contract by Fidelity cannot succeed where, among other things, plaintiff failed to comply with all the required provisions of the SFIP since it failed to submit a timely POL for the additional $36,093.77. Its federal extra-contractual claims must also be denied because federal flood insurance laws preempt them. Defendant's motion for Summary judgment is granted.
An appropriate Order follows.