TIMOTHY J. SAVAGE, District Judge.
In moving to remand this removed personal injury action, plaintiff Stacie Evans contends that the removing defendant has not shown that the amount in controversy exceeds the $75,000.00 jurisdictional threshold necessary for subject matter jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332. We agree. Therefore, we shall grant the motion.
The district court has subject matter jurisdiction based on diversity when "the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000.00, exclusive of interest and costs." 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). A defendant removing a case from state court bears the burden of demonstrating that the amount in controversy exceeds the jurisdictional threshold. Kaufman v. Allstate New Jersey Ins. Co., 561 F.3d 144, 151 (3d Cir. 2009) (citing Frederico v. Home Depot, 507 F.3d 188, 193 (3d Cir. 2007)). Additionally, removal statutes are to be strictly construed against removal, and all doubts are resolved in favor of remand. A.S. ex rel. Miller v. SmithKline Beecham Corp., 769 F.3d 204, 208 (3d Cir. 2014) (citation omitted); Brown v. JEVIC, 575 F.3d 322, 326 (3d Cir. 2009); Samuel-Bassett v. Kia Motors Am., Inc., 357 F.3d 392, 396, 403 (3d Cir. 2004).
The "sum demanded in good faith in the initial pleading shall be deemed to be the amount in controversy." 28 U.S.C. § 1446(c)(2). However, where "the State practice either does not permit demand for a specific sum or permits recovery of damages in excess of the amount demanded," removal is proper only if the court finds, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000.00. 28 U.S.C. § 1446(c)(2)(A)(ii)-(B). Because Pennsylvania does not allow a demand for a specific sum of money where damages are not liquidated, see Pa. R. Civ. P. 1021(b), the removing defendant must show, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000.00. 28 U.S.C. § 1446(c)(2); Frederico, 507 F.3d at 193.
In support of his assertion that the "potential amount in controversy in this matter exceeds $75,000.00,"
The defendant refers to the plaintiff's injuries as lumbar, thoracic and cervical spine sprain and strain, and post-traumatic myofascial pain of the trapezius. He neglects to include the adjective "acute" the plaintiff used in describing her injuries in the complaint. The injuries are simply sprain and strain and myofascial pain of the trapezius.
The defendant includes the plaintiff's medical expenses of $13,567.00 as a component of the amount in controversy. Because those expenses were paid by the plaintiff's automobile insurance carrier under her personal injury protection benefits coverage,
In her complaint, the plaintiff limited the amount in controversy to an amount less than the jurisdictional threshold. In the ad damnum clause of her complaint, the plaintiff demands damages in "an amount not in excess of $50,000."
The defendant argues that "the plaintiff's damages are not capped at $50,000.00" because either party could take a de novo appeal from an arbitration award pursuant to 42 Pa. Con. Stat. Ann. § 7361(d).
The defendant also relies on the plaintiff's refusal to stipulate that her damages do not exceed $75,000.00. Before removing the case, defense counsel asked plaintiff's counsel to stipulate to cap damages at $75,000.00 because, in his words, the plaintiff's "potential damages are actually unlimited."
A plaintiff's refusal to stipulate to cap damages at $75,000.00 does not establish that the amount in controversy exceeds that amount. Martino v. Hartford Ins. Co., Civ. No. 14-1953, 2014 WL 1652224, at *3 (E.D. Pa. Apr. 23, 2014) (finding that "[t]he lack of stipulation does not undermine the limited damages apparent in Plaintiff's complaint."); see also Stevenson v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., No. 14-4073, 2015 WL 158811, at *2 (E.D. Pa. Jan. 13, 2015); Lewis-Hatton v. Wal-Mart Stores East, LP, No. 13-7619, 2014 WL 502367, at *3 (E.D. Pa. Feb. 7, 2014). The mere possibility that the plaintiff could recover more than $75,000.00 on a de novo appeal of the arbitration award does not override the plaintiff's limiting her damages in the complaint to $50,000.00. Future awards on appeal are speculative. Martino, 2014 WL 1652224, at *2; Mazza v. Peerless Indem. Ins. Co., No. CIV.A. 13-3225, 2013 WL 4014569, at *3 (E.D. Pa. Aug. 7, 2013) (citations omitted). Consequently, the plaintiff's refusal to stipulate that her damages do not exceed $75,000.00 is not enough to demonstrate that the jurisdictional threshold has been met.
Finally, a settlement demand does not establish that the amount in controversy exceeds the jurisdictional threshold. Making a demand that is higher than the actual amount in controversy is a common negotiating tactic to instigate settlement talks. A settlement "demand is best seen as posturing for settlement negotiations and cannot override . . . the complaint that unequivocally states that the damages do not exceed the jurisdictional threshold." Ferguson v. Nobles, No. CIV. 14-1439, 2014 WL 1492266, at *2 (E.D. Pa. Apr. 15, 2014) (citation omitted). Because the plaintiff limited her damages to $50,000.00 in her complaint, her settlement demand, which was only $10,000.00 more than the jurisdictional threshold, does not demonstrate that the damages in this case exceed $75,000.00.
Because the removing defendant has not proven, by a preponderance of the evidence, that "the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000.00, exclusive of interest and costs," 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a), we shall grant the motion to remand.