MATTHEW W. BRANN, District Judge.
Plaintiff, Danielle Long (hereinafter "Long"), was in an automobile accident in Centre County, Pennsylvania. She was named as an insured on a policy issued by Defendant, State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (hereinafter "State Farm"). After State Farm denied Long's request for benefits under the uninsured motorist coverage provision of the policy, Long brought the instant civil action.
Long is proceeding on a two-count amended complaint: Count I is a breach of contract — uninsured motorist claim; Count II is a bad faith claim pursuant to Pennsylvania law. State Farm moved for partial dismissal of the complaint, asking the Court to dismiss Count II, the bad faith claim, and also asking the Court to strike the references to compensatory damages and breach of fiduciary duty noted in Count II.
Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), a defendant may file a motion to dismiss for "failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted." Such a motion "tests the legal sufficiency of a pleading" and "streamlines litigation by dispensing with needless discovery and factfinding."
Beginning in 2007, the Supreme Court of the United States initiated what some scholars have termed the Roberts Court's "civil procedure revival" by significantly tightening the standard that district courts must apply to 12(b)(6) motions.
Accordingly, after Twombly and Iqbal, "[t]o survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to `state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.'"
The plausibility determination is "a context-specific task that requires the reviewing court to draw on its judicial experience and common sense."
When disposing of a motion to dismiss, a court must "accept as true all factual allegations in the complaint and draw all inferences from the facts alleged in the light most favorable to [the plaintiff]."
As a matter of procedure, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has instructed that:
With this standard of review in mind, I turn to the factual allegations of Plaintiff.
The procedural dictate when faced with a motion to dismiss is that the court is to accept the facts alleged as true. "Rule 12(b)(6) does not countenance . . . dismissals based on a judge's disbelief of a complaint's factual allegations."
At approximately 11:00 p.m. on September 16, 2011, Long was operating a vehicle on Benner Pike Road in State College, Centre County, Pennsylvania. Long reached the intersection of Benner Pike Road and Shiloh Road where the traffic control light was blinking red for her. Long stopped her vehicle and looked in both directions. As Long proceeded through the intersection, another vehicle traveling at a high rate of speed on Shiloh Road proceeding through the light, which was blinking yellow, and collided with the driver's side of Long's vehicle.
Long was severely injured. She filed suit against the driver of the other vehicle, and the insurer for that motorist, Geico, settled for the full amount of that liability policy. Long asserts, however, that the settlement amount was insufficient to provide for the extent of her damages and requested $80,000 of UIM benefits under her State Farm policy. State Farm denied her request for UIM benefits claiming that the collision was caused solely by Plaintiff's negligence. Accordingly, State Farm moved for partial dismissal of the complaint and to strike portions of the amended complaint, as described herein.
There is no dispute that this policy was in effect at the time of the automobile accident. The policy included uninsured motorist coverage (hereinafter "UIM") in the amount of $100,000 per person and $300,000 per accident.
A bad faith claim is brought in addition to a breach of contract claim against an insurer. It allows a prosper plaintiff to punish the insurer for its unreasonable denial of the claim. Pennsylvania's bad faith statute allows a plaintiff to recover interest, punitive damages, court costs and attorney fees if the insurer has acted in bad faith in handling the plaintiff's claim.
In considering the first prong of this analysis, the "court should examine what factors the insurer considered in evaluating a claim. Bad faith claims are fact specific and depend on the conduct of the insurer vis à vis the insured."
Defendant asserts that Plaintiff has failed to plead sufficient facts of bad faith to survive Twombly/Iqbal scrutiny. Plaintiff asserts that she did plead facts that there was no reasonable basis to deny her claim, as the tortfeasor's insurer paid the claim in full to the extent of its policy limits. She further asserts that State Farm committed bad faith by failing to investigate her claim, as its only investigation was a statement given by Long.
It is my view that this matter should at least survive to proceed to discovery on the issue. This case is nearly identical to that of Miezejewski v. Infinity Auto Ins. Co.
State Farm has also requested that this Court strike the request for compensatory damages under the bad faith count. This request is granted. While compensatory damages are appropriate under the breach of contract action, the Pennsylvania bad faith statute only allows recovery for interest, punitive damages, court costs and attorneys fees for bad faith claims.
Defendant further asserts that insofar as any claims are based on a breach of fiduciary duty, they should be dismissed as well because State Farm does not owe Long a fiduciary duty when she is making a claim for UIM benefits. Long's brief indicates that "plaintiff has not asserted an independent claim for a breach of fiduciary duty[;] [s]he has merely described the relationship with those words." In response, State Farm has requested that the words "fiduciary duty" be stricken from the complaint because it prejudices State Farm by having a heightened duty imposed on it.
"Typically, the purchase of insurance is considered an arm's-length transaction, in which the insurer incurs no fiduciary duty apart from those that may be defined in the contract for insurance."
For all of the foregoing reasons, the Defendant's Partial Motion to Dismiss will be granted in part and denied in part. To the extent that the motion is to dismiss Count II, the bad faith claim, it is denied; to the extent that the motion is to strike references to a fiduciary duty on the part of State Farm, it is granted. Finally, to the extent that the motion is to strike the demand for compensatory damages from Count II, it is granted.