JOY FLOWERS CONTI, Chief District Judge.
On December 3, 2015, this court issued an opinion and order denying the motion to vacate filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (the "§ 2255 motion") by petitioner Vasilia Berger ("petitioner") because it was untimely filed. (ECF Nos. 141, 142.) The court explained that under § 2255, a petitioner has one-year from the date his or her conviction becomes final to file a § 2255 motion unless he or she can show one of the circumstances set forth in § 2255(f)(2)-(4) exists in his or her case. (ECF No. 141 at 3.) Petitioner in this case filed the § 2255 motion twenty-nine months after the judgment of conviction entered against her became final, and did not show that one of the circumstances set forth in § 2255(f)(2)-(4) existed in her case. (
Pending before the court is petitioner's motion for reconsideration of the court's order dated December 3, 2015, denying her § 2255 motion because it was untimely filed. (ECF No. 143.) Petitioner in the motion for reconsideration argues that this court should reconsider its decision denying her § 2255 motion as untimely filed because she "diligently tried to purs[u]e her 2255 after her sentencing" and "due to time constraints . . . did not have time" to review the legal materials provided to her by her former counsel. (ECF No. 143.) The government argues petitioner's motion for reconsideration should be denied because she could have discovered the documents she references in her § 2255 motion and motion for reconsideration by exercising due diligence while her case was pending before this court. (ECF No. 145 at 2.) For the reasons stated herein, petitioner's motion for reconsideration will be denied because she did not show that a manifest injustice would result if the court did not reconsider its holding that her § 2255 motion was untimely filed.
"Motions for reconsideration may be filed in criminal cases."
There is a one-year statute of limitations period for filing § 2255 motions. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f). The time at which the statute of limitations begins to run depends upon the facts of a given case.
28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(1)-(4). Based upon the foregoing provision, the statute of limitations begins to run—at the earliest—the date on which the judgment of conviction becomes final.
Petitioner argues in her motion for reconsideration that this court should reconsider its decision to dismiss her § 2255 motion as untimely filed because one of the circumstances set forth in § 2255(f)(2)-(4) exists her case, and, therefore, her § 2255 motion was timely filed. Petitioner does not argue that there has been an intervening change in the law or that new evidence is now available that was not available when the court issued the order denying her § 2255 motion because it was untimely filed. The court will, therefore, address petitioner's motion for reconsideration based upon whether there is a need to prevent manifest injustice.
Petitioner does not contest the court's decision that her § 2255 motion was filed more than one year, i.e., twenty-nine months, after the judgment entered against her became final. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(1). Petitioner does not specify, however, which subsection of § 2255(f)(2)-(4) applies to her case. Based upon a review of petitioner's submissions, she does not set forth any argument or evidence there was an impediment to making a timely motion, § 2255(f)(2), or that the Supreme Court recognized a new right, which is retroactively applicable to this case, § 2255(f)(3).
The court will, therefore, determine whether manifest injustice will result if the court does not reconsider its decision that petitioner's § 2255 motion was untimely filed by analyzing whether § 2255(f)(4) is applicable to petitioner's case. The court previously held that with respect to § 2255(f)(4), it could not discern any facts supporting a claim that could only have been discovered through the exercise of due diligence at a point in time after the date on which the judgment of conviction entered against her became final. Petitioner argues this court should deem her § 2255 motion timely filed under § 2255(f)(2)-(4) for two reasons, each of which will be discussed below.
Petitioner in her motion for reconsideration argues that "for 1 year straight" she "repeatedly" called the office of the Federal Public Defenders "to get help." (ECF No. 143 at 1.) According to petitioner, the office of the Federal Public Defenders "never offered the Defendant any help as to requesting a court appointed attorney or for filing an appeal pro se." (
On March 5, 2013, petitioner was sentenced by this court. (ECF No. 108.) Petitioner's counsel argued at the time of sentencing that the court should consider the extent of petitioner's cooperation with the government in this case in order to fashion a fair and just sentence under 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). (ECF No. 89.) On October 12, 2012, and February 15, 2013, petitioner's counsel filed with the court numerous documents in support of the argument that the court should consider the extent of petitioner's cooperation with the government. (ECF Nos. 89, 106.) Petitioner asserts in her motion for reconsideration that:
The allegations made by petitioner in her motion for reconsideration contradict the allegations made by petitioner in her § 2255 motion. (ECF No. 139 at 65.) Petitioner in her § 2255 motion asserts:
(
Even if this court disregards the petitioner's inconsistencies, she did not—based upon the facts alleged in the motion for reconsideration—exercise due diligence to discover the "facts supporting the claim or claims presented" in her § 2255 motion. In other words, petitioner could have through the exercise of due diligence discovered her ex-husband's plea agreement and the letter written by the AUSA to her counsel with respect to her cooperation efforts prior to her incarceration; instead, petitioner placed the box that contained her legal files into her garage and did not cause its contents to be examined until one year later after she was incarcerated. Petitioner argues that she did not examine the contents of the box that contained her legal files because of her parental responsibilities, "[she] was due to report to prison on May 1, 2014," and her "ex-husband was placed in Hospice care around the same time." (ECF No. 143 at 2.)
Petitioner in her § 2255 motion explained that that the year following her sentencing in this case was filled with turmoil because she cared for her mother, terminally ill ex-husband, and their young daughter, who struggled with her father's illness and mother's impending jail sentence. The court held in its opinion denying petitioner's § 2255 motion, however, that petitioner's explanation for untimely filing the § 2255 motion was tragic, but does not fall within any of the circumstances set forth in § 2255(f)(2)-(4). The court held that under those circumstances the statute of limitations began to run on the date on which the judgment of conviction entered against petitioner became final.
Even if the court were to disregard petitioner's conflicting allegations with respect to when she first examined the contents of the box containing her legal files, § 2255(f)(4) would not apply to any claim asserted in her § 2255 motion because she did not present any claims supported by her ex-husband's plea agreement. Petitioner in her § 2255 motion quoted one sentence from her ex-husband's plea agreement in support of one of her claims of ineffective assistance of counsel. (ECF No. 139 at 65.) The sentence quoted provides that petitioner's ex-husband agreed to assist law enforcement officers in investigating "Howard Reck and others." (
Petitioner at the time she was sentenced, i.e., prior to the judgment of conviction entered against her becoming final, would have known: (1) all the information she provided to the FBI about Reck; (2) that her counsel did not present all that information to the court;
Petitioner in her § 2255 motion also makes reference to the date on which her ex-husband signed his plea agreement. (ECF No. 139-1 at 10.) She accuses the AUSA who prosecuted her of prosecutorial misconduct for prolonging the criminal proceedings brought against her. (ECF No. 139-1 at 10.) Petitioner explained:
(
To the extent the date on which petitioner's ex-husband signed his plea agreement is relevant to her claim of prosecutorial misconduct by the AUSA, petitioner through the exercise of due diligence could have discovered the date on which her ex-husband pleaded guilty because it is recorded on the court's docket at criminal action number 09-283, and her ex-husband's plea agreement was discussed in open court in her presence during her sentencing hearing. (H.T. 3/5/13 (ECF No. 111) at 46.) Petitioner also would have known through her conversations with the government and the search warrant executed on the business she owned with her ex-husband that her conduct was of interest to the government prior to her indictment, and the date on which she was indicted and pleaded guilty. Under those circumstances, the court cannot discern a basis upon which to hold that § 2255(f)(4) is applicable to petitioner's claim of prosecutorial misconduct based upon the AUSA prolonging the proceedings against her.
Even if the court were to disregard petitioner's conflicting assertions with respect to when she examined the contents of the box containing her legal files, § 2255(f)(4) does not apply to any claim allegedly supported by the letter from the AUSA to her counsel explaining the requirements of cooperation. On February 15, 2013, petitioner's counsel filed with the court the letter written by the AUSA to her counsel with respect to her cooperation efforts. (ECF No. 106-3.) Petitioner's counsel during petitioner's sentencing hearing—at which petitioner was present—questioned Joseph Bishelt, a case agent who investigated petitioner's criminal conduct in this case, about the letter from the AUSA to petitioner's counsel and in open court discussed its contents. (T.T. 2/22/13 (ECF No. 110) at 31.) Under those circumstances, § 2255(f)(4) does not apply to petitioner's case because even if petitioner did not receive the letter from her counsel, the letter was publicly filed in her case and discussed in open court in her presence. Petitioner through the exercise of due diligence, therefore, would have discovered the letter, i.e., the facts upon which some of her § 2255 claims are allegedly based, prior to the judgment becoming final in her case or—at the very latest—more than one year before she filed her § 2255 on August 18, 2015. Section 2255(f)(4), therefore, does not apply to any claim asserted by petitioner that is based upon the letter the AUSA wrote to her counsel, and the statute of limitations with respect to those claims began to run on the date on which the judgment entered against her became final.
Based upon the foregoing, petitioner did not show that a manifest injustice will result if the court does not reconsider its decision to deny her § 2255 motion as untimely filed under § 2255(f)(1). Petitioner's motion for reconsideration (ECF No. 143) will, therefore, be denied. An appropriate order will be entered.
When a district court issues a final order denying a § 2255 motion, the court must also make a determination about whether a certificate of appealability ("COA") should issue or the clerk of the court of appeals shall remand the case to the district court for a prompt determination about whether a certificate should issue.
Based upon the motion, files and records of the instant case, and for the reasons set forth above, the court finds that petitioner did not show a denial of a constitutional right. Therefore, a COA should not issue.
An appropriate order will be entered.
Petitioner argued that she did not have money to hire an attorney to file an appeal on her behalf. Petitioner in her motion for reconsideration asserts, however, that in June 2014, she hired Marc Daffner ("Daffner") to file an appeal on her behalf and paid him $11,500 for his services. (ECF No. 143 at 3-4.) Petitioner does not explain how her financial circumstances changed between March 5, 2013, the date on which she was sentenced, and June 2, 2014, the date on which she retained Daffner to represent her. Under those circumstances, the court is not convinced that petitioner did not have money to hire an attorney prior to the expiration of her rights to appeal or file a § 2255 motion.
On March 5, 2013, the court reviewed petitioner's appeal rights at the conclusion of her sentencing hearing. (H.T. 3/5/2013 (ECF No. 111) at 71-72.) The court stated, among other things:
(