RICHARD MARK GERGEL, District Judge.
Before the Court is the Report and Recommendation ("R & R") of the Magistrate Judge (Dkt. No. 67) recommending the Court grant Defendant Eric S. Hooper's motion for summary judgment (Dkt. No. 48). For the reasons set forth below, the Court adopts the R & Ras the order of the Court, and the Court grants the Defendant's motion for summary judgment.
The Court adopts the relevant facts as outlined in the R & R. (Dkt. No. 67 at 2-5.)
Defendant Hooper filed a motion for summary judgment. (Dkt. No. 48.) Plaintiff opposed the motion. (Dkt. No. 65.) On February 7, 2019, the Magistrate Judge issued an R & R which recommended granting Defendant's motion. (Dkt. No. 67.) Plaintiff has not filed objections.
The Magistrate Judge makes only a recommendation to this Court that has no presumptive weight. The responsibility to make a final determination remains with the Court. See Mathews v. Weber, 423 U.S. 261, 270-71 (1976). The Court may "accept, reject, or modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate judge." 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1 ). This Court must make a de nova determination of those portions of the R & R Plaintiff specifically objects. Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(2). Where Plaintiff fails to file any specific objections, "a district court need not conduct a de nova review, but instead must only satisfy itself that there is no clear error on the face of the record in order to accept the recommendation." Diamond v. Colonial Life & Accident Ins. Co., 416 F.3d 310, 315 (4th Cir. 2005) (internal quotation omitted). "Moreover, in the absence of specific objections to the R & R, the Court need not give any explanation for adopting the recommendation." Wilson v. S.C. Dept of Corr., No. 9:14-CV-4365-RMG, 2015 WL 1124701, at *1 (D.S.C. Mar. 12, 2015). See also Camby v. Davis, 718 F.2d 198, 200 (4th Cir. 1983). Plaintiff has not filed objections.
To prevail on a motion for summary judgment, the movant must demonstrate that there is no genuine issue of any material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). The party seeking summary judgment has the burden of identifying the portions of the "pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, any admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, which show there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). The Court will construe all inferences and ambiguities against the movant and in favor of the non-moving party. US. v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655 (1962). The existence of a mere scintilla of evidence in support of the non-moving party's position is insufficient to withstand a motion for summary judgment. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 252 (1986). However, an issue of material fact is genuine if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict in favor of the non-movant. Id. at 257.
"When the moving party has carried its burden under Rule 56(c), its opponent must do more than simply show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986). "In the language of the Rule, the nonmoving party must come forward with "specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Id. at 587. "Where the record taken as a whole could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the non-moving party, there is no `genuine issue for trial.'" Id. quoting First Nat'l Bank of Ariz. v. Cities Serv. Co., 391 U.S. 253, 289 (1968)).
To begin with, as the Magistrate Judge correctly noted, Plaintiff has not exhausted his claim against Defendant Hooper, and therefore Defendant Hooper is entitled to summary judgment. The Prison Litigation Reform Act ("PLRA") mandates that an inmate exhaust "such administrative remedies as are available" before bringing suit under § 1983. 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). It is the defendant's burden to establish that a plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies. See Wilcox v. Brown, 877 F.3d 161, 167 (4th Cir. 2017). The administrative remedies are dictated by the prison. See Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 218 (2007). Defendant Hooper presented uncontroverted evidence that, pursuant to South Carolina Department of Corrections policy, an inmate has only exhausted his administrative remedies when he filed a Form 10-5 Step 1 grievance, and then a Form 10-5a Step 2 grievance. Before filing a Step 1 grievance, an inmate must first attempt an informal resolution of the issue by submitting a Request to Staff Member Form ("RTSM") within eight working days of the incident. Once a Step 1 grievance is filed, the Warden must respond in writing and, if the inmate is not satisfied, the inmate may appeal the decision in a Step 2 grievance. (Dkt. No. 48-6 at ¶¶ 5-11, South Carolina Dept. of Corrections, Inmate Grievance System, GA-01.12, May 12, 2014, available at http://www.doc.sc.gov/policy/GA-Ol-12.htm1553119234319.pdf (last accessed, March 21, 2019).)
Here, the uncontroverted record shows that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies. As the Magistrate Judge ably found, out of the eighteen grievances Plaintiff filed between March 1, 2016 and July 1, 2016, Plaintiff filed no grievance regarding Defendant Hooper using excessive force. Further, even if one grievance, number ECI-229-16, could be construed to allege excessive force, Plaintiff never filed a Step 2 grievance appealing the warden's decision and instead marked and signed that he "accept[s]" the Warden's decision and "consider[s] the matter closed." (Dkt. No. 48-6 at 44-46.) Therefore, Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies and Defendant' s motion for summary judgment is granted.
Further, the Magistrate Judge was correct in holding that Plaintiff's claim fails for reasons independent of his failure to exhaust. First, reviewing the four factors in lko v. Shreve, 535 F.3d 225 (4th Cir. 2008) for excessive use of force, it is clear that Plaintiff cannot make out a claim for excessive use of force as Plaintiff admits he disobeyed a direct order to be handcuffed, admits he tried to leave his cell while Defendant was attempting to handcuff him, Defendant reasonably perceived a threat regarding Plaintiffs attempt to leave his cell, and Defendant only used force after giving Plaintiff opportunity to comply and attempting to first use mace.
Second, Plaintiff's claims against Defendant in his official capacity are barred since Plaintiff, in his official capacity, is not a "person" within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Finally, as the Magistrate Judge correctly held, Defendant Hooper is entitled to qualified immunity. Under the doctrine of qualified immunity, officials may be shielded from liability for civil damages if their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights. As the Court found that there is no dispute of material fact that Defendant Hooper did not use excessive force, Defendant did not violate any clearly established statutory or constitutional rights.
For the foregoing reasons, the Court