NANCY F. ATLAS, District Judge.
This case is before the Court on the Motion to Dismiss Amended Complaint ("Motion") [Doc. #38] filed by Defendants Louis E. Schaefer, Jr., James J. Mermis, Roger D. Burks, and Joshua Koch. Plaintiff Superior Offshore International, Inc. ("Superior") filed a Response [Doc. #46], and Defendants filed a Reply [Doc. #47]. Plaintiff filed a Motion for Leave to File a Surreply [Doc. #48], which is hereby granted. Plaintiff also filed a Notice of Supplemental Authority [Doc. #49]. Having reviewed the record and applied governing and other relevant legal authorities, the Court
Prior to filing bankruptcy in April 2008, Superior provided subsea construction and commercial diving services to the oil and natural gas exploration industries. Schaefer founded Superior in 1986 and served as its CEO until August 2006. Defendants were the only members of Superior's Board of Directors prior to the Initial Public Offering ("IPO") on April 20, 2007, and Schaefer was Chairman of the Board.
The Post Confirmation Equity Subcommittee ("PCES") filed this lawsuit in Superior's name as an adversary proceeding in connection with Superior's bankruptcy.
Defendants moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint. The Motion to Dismiss has been fully briefed and is now ripe for decision.
Count One of the Complaint asserts a "Duty of Care" claim.
In the Amended Complaint, however, Plaintiff alleges specifically that Defendants Mermis (Superior's President and Chief Executive Officer) and Burks (Superior's Chief Financial Officer) were acting as corporate officers rather than as corporate directors. The exculpatory provision protects only directors, not officers. Consequently, the duty of care claim against Mermis and Burks based on their alleged conduct as officers is adequately pled. The Motion to Dismiss as to Count One is denied.
Plaintiff alleges that Defendants breached their duty of loyalty and good faith to Superior by (a) approving the $28 million special dividend to Schaefer; (b) giving Schaefer the full benefit of an increased IPO including an additional 1.725 million shares; (c) approving a revolving credit arrangement with JPMorgan increasing the amount of available credit from $20 million to $30 million, and entering into a senior secured term loan with Fortis Capital Corp. ("Fortis"); and (d) approving the sale of the vessel the Superior Achiever.
Defendants seek dismissal of all claims in Count Two because they owed a duty to Schaefer only. In support of their argument, Defendants rely on cases involving corporations with only one shareholder. These cases do not support dismissal of Count Two, however, because it is undisputed that Schaefer was not the "sole shareholder" of Superior.
Plaintiff alleges in the Amended Complaint that Defendants breached their fiduciary duty by improperly paying a $28,000,000.00 special dividend to Schaefer. The Plan Agent in H. Malcolm Lovett, Jr., Plan Agent, v. Louis E. Schaefer, et al., Adversary No. 09-3263 (the "Lovett Adversary"), challenged the same special dividend as a fraudulent transfer. Plaintiff acknowledges that the claim against Schaefer regarding the special dividend payment was dismissed as barred by res judicata. The claim is included in the Amended Complaint to preserve the issue for appeal. For the reasons stated in the Court's September 8, 2011 order, the claim regarding the special dividend is dismissed as to Schaefer.
Defendants Mermis, Koch, and Burks seek dismissal of the claim as against them on the basis of res judicata, arguing that they were in privity with Schaefer. "A non-party defendant can assert res judicata so long as it is in `privity' with the named defendant." Russell v. SunAmerica Sec., Inc., 962 F.2d 1169, 1173 (5th Cir. 1992). Qualifying relationships for purposes of non-party res judicata generally relate to substantive legal relationships in the property law context, such as prior and subsequent owners of property, bailor and bailee, and assignor and assignee. See Taylor v. Sturgell, 553 U.S. 880, 894 (2008). Absent clearly-established Fifth Circuit authority that non-party res judicata applies to all officers and directors of the same corporation, the Court declines to extend the doctrine to apply in this case. Defendants Mermis, Burks, and Koch's motion to dismiss the special dividend claim as against them is denied.
Plaintiff alleges that Defendants, knowing that the IPO was oversubscribed, gave Schaefer the full benefit of selling an additional 1.725 million shares in the IPO. Defendants argue that this claim was included in the adversary proceeding against Schaefer and, therefore, is barred by res judicata. The record reflects, however, that the adversary proceeding against Schaefer sought only to avoid transfers and recover payments made by Superior to Schaefer. Allowing Schaefer to sell additional shares of stock in the IPO was not a payment made by Superior to Schaefer and, consequently, was not included in the Lovett Adversary proceeding. As a result, this claim is not barred by res judicata and the request to dismiss it is denied.
Plaintiff alleges that Defendants approved a revolving credit arrangement with JPMorgan increasing the amount of available credit from $20 million to $30 million, and entered into a senior secured term loan with Fortis. Plaintiff alleges that these credit agreements severely limited the amount Superior received from the IPO. Defendants argue the claim should be dismissed because Defendants had no duty to disclose every aspect of managerial information to the Board of Directors.
In the Amended Complaint, Plaintiff alleges that Defendants concealed from the independent directors important factual information regarding the JPMorgan line of credit and the Fortis loan that the Board needed to make fundamental financing decisions. Although corporate management has some discretion regarding the level of detail they provide to the Board, the allegations in this case adequately state a claim and are not subject to dismissal at this stage of the proceeding.
Plaintiff alleges that Defendants Mermis and Burks breached their duty of loyalty and good faith by failing to disclose to the Superior Board of Directors that there were other, potentially more lucrative, offers for the purchase of the vessel the Superior Achiever before Mermis and Burks signed a letter of intent to sell the vessel to Hornbeck Offshore Services, Inc. ("Hornbeck"). As noted in the Court's prior ruling, Plaintiff's breach of the duty of loyalty and good faith claim regarding the sale of the Superior Achiever is based on the allegation that Burks and Mermis failed to disclose to Superior's Board of Directors that other parties had made much better offers for the Superior Achiever than Hornbeck. Concealing other, potentially more lucrative, offers goes well beyond general management decisions, and Plaintiff's allegations on this claim are not subject to dismissal.
Plaintiff alleges in Count Three of the Amended Complaint that Schaefer, Mermis and Koch engaged in self-dealing by approving the $28 million special dividend to Schaefer and by giving Schaefer "100% of the benefit of the `upsized' IPO and increased overallotment option." For the reasons stated in the prior Memorandum and Order, the claim against Schaefer relating to the payment to him of the special dividend is dismissed. For the reasons stated in connection with the claims in Count Two relating to the special dividend claim against Mermis and Koch and relating to the increased IPO shares against Schaefer, Mermis and Koch, the Motion to Dismiss the remaining claims in Count Three is denied.
Plaintiff concedes that Defendants are entitled to the dismissal of Count Four.
Based on the foregoing, it is hereby