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SMITH-PEARCY v. COLVIN, 1:15-cv-00111. (2016)

Court: District Court, D. Utah Number: infdco20160229c05 Visitors: 14
Filed: Feb. 26, 2016
Latest Update: Feb. 26, 2016
Summary: MEMORANDUM DECISION & ORDER DUSTIN B. PEAD , Magistrate Judge . I. INTRODUCTION The parties in this case in this have consented to United States Magistrate Judge Dustin Pead conducting all proceedings, including entry of final judgment, with appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (doc.18). See 28 U.S.C. 636(c); Fed. R. Civ. P. 73. Currently pending before the court is Defendant Commissioner of Social Security Carolyn Colvin's (the "Commissioner") motion to d
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MEMORANDUM DECISION & ORDER

I. INTRODUCTION

The parties in this case in this have consented to United States Magistrate Judge Dustin Pead conducting all proceedings, including entry of final judgment, with appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (doc.18). See 28 U.S.C. § 636(c); Fed. R. Civ. P. 73. Currently pending before the court is Defendant Commissioner of Social Security Carolyn Colvin's (the "Commissioner") motion to dismiss for failure to file within the statute of limitations period pursuant to federal rule of civil procedure 12(b)(1) (doc. 10).1

II. BACKGROUND

On October 6, 2011, Plaintiff Cindy M. Smith-Pearcy ("Plaintiff") applied for Social Security Disability Insurance Benefits (DIB) and Social Security Insurance (SSI) for a disability she alleges began on January 1, 2010 (doc. 3). Plaintiff's initial claims and reconsideration claims were denied and a hearing was held in front of an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) on August 16, 2013. Id. The ALJ determined Plaintiff was not disabled and Plaintiff appealed.

On June 16, 2015, the Appeals Council mailed Plaintiff a notice stating that her request for review of the ALJ's decision was denied (doc. 11; see Declaration of Kathie Hartt). Additionally, the notice informed Plaintiff of her right to commence a civil action within 60 days from the date of her receipt of the notice as well as her right to file for an extension of time if necessary. Id; see 42 U.S.C. 405(g); 20 CFR 422.210. The notice also indicated that unless otherwise shown, pursuant to agency regulation, the Appeals Council would assume Plaintiff had received the notice within five days after the date it was mailed. Id.

Based thereon, in order to be timely, Plaintiff needed to commence her civil action on or before August 20, 2015. Plaintiff did not do so. Instead, Plaintiff failed to request an extension and filed her civil action against the Commissioner on August 27, 2016— one full week after expiration of the 60 day deadline.

On November 5, 2015, Defendant filed a motion to dismiss the Plaintiff's civil action for untimeliness pursuant to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1).2 Plaintiff failed to file an opposition to the motion, and the court issued an order to show cause directing Plaintiff to respond (doc. 19).3 On January 11, 2016, Plaintiff filed an opposition to the motion (doc. 20). Plaintiff's opposition did not dispute her civil action was untimely filed. Rather, Plaintiff indicated she miscommunicated the date on which she received the Appeals Council's letter to her attorney, but the action was filed in good faith therefore should not be dismissed. Defendant filed a reply on January 25, 2016, continuing to request dismissal of the complaint as untimely (doc. 21).

III. STANDARD OF REVIEW

Judicial review of cases arising under the Social Security Act is provided for, and limited by, 42 U.S.C. §405(g) and (h) of the Act. The provisions provide:

(g) Any individual, after any final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security made after a hearing to which [s]he was a party, irrespective of the amount in controversy, may obtain a review of such decision by a civil action commenced within sixty days after the mailing to [the individual] of notice of such decision or within such further time as the Commissioner of Social Security may allow. . . . (h) The findings and decision of the Commissioner of Social Security after a hearing shall be binding upon all individuals who were parties to such hearing. No findings of fact or decision of the Commissioner of Social Security shall be reviewed by any person, tribunal, or governmental agency except as herein provided. No action against the United States, the Commissioner of Social Security, or any officer or employee thereof shall be brought under section 1331 or 1346 of title 28 to recover on any claim arising under this subchapter.

42. U.S.C. §405(g), (h) (emphasis added).

The only civil action permitted on a claim arising under the Social Security Act is an action to review the "final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security made after a hearing," and such action must be "commenced within sixty days after the mailing to [the party bringing the action] of notice of such decision or within such further time as the Commissioner of Social Security may allow." 42 U.S.C. §405(g); 20 C.F.R. § § 404.981, 422.210; Califano v. Sanders, 430 U.S. 99, 109 (1977); Dozier v. Bowen, 891 F.2d 769, 772 (10th Cir. 1989).

IV. ANALYSIS

The parties do not dispute that Plaintiff's August 27, 2015, complaint was filed outside the sixty day time period set forth under 42 U.S.C.§ 405(g). Rather, Plaintiff contends dismissal is inappropriate because there was a "minor miscommunication" of relevant dates, but the action was filed in "good faith" (doc. 20).

The limitations period set forth under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g) is designed "to move cases to speedy resolution. . . ." Bowen v. New York, 476 U.S. 467, 480 (1986); 106 S.Ct. 2022; 90 L. Ed. 2d 462. This mechanism is intended to further the interests of not only the government, but of the claimants as well. As a result, under certain circumstances, equitable tolling principles may apply that extend the sixty day limitations requirement. Id. While in the majority of cases it is "the Secretary [who] will make the determination [of] whether it is proper to extend the period within which review must be sought, cases may arise where the equities in favor of tolling the limitations are so great that deference to the agency's judgment is inappropriate." Bowen, 476 U.S. at 480 (internal quotation and citation omitted) (finding equities in favor of tolling "where the Government's secretive conduct prevent[ed] the plaintiffs from knowing of a violation of rights."). Courts have also allowed for equitable tolling in circumstances where "a claimant filed a request for an extension of time with the Appeals Council prior to the expiration of the 60-day time limit for filing an action in federal court, and that request remained pending until after the 60-day time limit expired." Thomas v. Astrue, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 189309 *3 (D. Kan. May 23, 2012).

Here, there court declines to equitably toll the statute of limitations period. Plaintiff fails to present equities "so great" to support tolling, and does not assert that she sought additional time from the Appeals Council within which to file her action. Moreover, plaintiff failed to respond to the Commissioner's motion to dismiss and it was only after the court issued an order to show cause that Plaintiff attempted to explain the untimely complaint. Cf. Flemings v. Evans, 481 F.3d 1249, 1254 (10th Cir. 2007) (equitable tolling applies where petitioner "diligently pursues his claims and demonstrates that the failure to timely file was caused by extraordinary circumstances beyond his control"). Simply stated, while the court does not question Plaintiff's good faith and finds any miscommunication or miscalculation of dates to be unfortunate, miscommunication does not constitute a great equity or an extraordinary circumstance that would support the application of tolling principles. See Flemming v. Evans, 481 F.3d 1249, 1255-56 (2007) ("Attorney error, miscalculation, inadequate research or other mistakes have not been found to rise to the extraordinary circumstances required for equitable tolling.").

Accordingly, for the reasons set forth herein, the Commissioner's motion to dismiss Plaintiff's complaint is hereby GRANTED (doc. 10).

IT IS SO ORDERED.

FootNotes


1. The sixty day statute of limitations period is not a jurisdictional bar and therefore the motion to dismiss should be filed pursuant to federal rule 12(b)(6) rather than 12(b)(1). See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6), 12(b)(1). The Commissioner's failure to do so, however, is not fatal to her motion and the court shall consider the motion as one to dismiss for failure to state a claim pursuant to rule 12(b)(6). See Cleland v. Colvin, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 130595, * 3 (D. Utah Sept. 11, 2013); see also Gossett v. Barnhart, 139 F. App'x 24, 25 & n.1 (10th Cir. 2005) (unpublished).
2. See Supra, footnote 1.
3. The United States District Court for the District of Utah rules of practice state that "[a] memorandum opposing motions filed pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b), 12(c), and 56 must be filed within twenty-eight (28) days after service of the motion or within such time as allowed by the court." DUCiv-R 7-1(3)(A).
Source:  Leagle

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