LAU, J.

¶ 1 Acting under a power of attorney signed by his 93-year-old mother, Dottie Brown, Barry Brown obtained and then misappropriated proceeds from a reverse mortgage on her condominium. Dottie's guardian1 sued Barry,2 his girl friend Beverly Hogg, and Wells Fargo Bank to recover the proceeds. Dottie appeals the summary judgment dismissal of her federal reverse mortgage law and Consumer Protection Act (CPA) claims against Wells Fargo Bank. She also appeals the summary judgment dismissal of her misappropriation and conversion claims against Hogg. Because Dottie presented insufficient evidence to create a genuine material fact issue regarding Wells Fargo's liability, the trial court properly dismissed Dottie's claims against Wells Fargo on summary judgment. But because material issues of fact exist regarding Hogg's liability for conversion, we reverse the summary judgment order granted in Hogg's favor. We affirm in part and reverse in part.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶ 2 Viewed in the light most favorable to Dottie, the record reveals the following facts. Barry assumed primary responsibility for Dottie's health care and financial affairs. He testified that sometime in 2003 or 2004, Dottie arranged for them to meet with a "representative of a reverse mortgage company"3 who "explained the whole thing about the reverse mortgage and what you had to do to qualify and this and that."4 About two years later, on February 1, 2006, Barry called Wells Fargo and talked to an employee, who completed a reverse mortgage application based on information supplied by Barry over the telephone. The application names Dottie as the borrower and identifies the subject property as her condominium located in Federal Way, Washington. Barry is shown as the "alternative contact person." And in response to the question "Do you intend to occupy the property as your primary residence?" the application indicates, "Yes."

¶ 3 That same day, Wells Fargo sent a letter and a copy of the recently completed reverse mortgage application to Dottie "c/o Mr. Barry Brown" at Barry's home address.5 The letter informed Dottie that she "must obtain credit counseling from one of the agencies referenced in the attached letter." The letter also included an additional action item that requested, "Power of Attorney—if you are using in conjunction with this loan (must be durable)."

¶ 4 On February 15, Hogg drove Dottie and Barry to a United Parcel Service (UPS) store where Dottie—then 93 years old— signed two powers of attorney (POA) appointing Barry as her attorney-in-fact. The immediately effective durable general power of attorney (general POA) gave Barry the right to "mortgage ... lands ... upon such terms and conditions, and under such covenants as [he] shall think fit" and provided, "This power of attorney shall not be affected by the disability of the principal and shall otherwise become null and void upon death." And the durable power of attorney (durable POA)6 took effect "upon the disability or incompetence of the principal" and included the power to "[l]ease, sell, convey, exchange, mortgage and release any mortgage on lands and any interest therein." Both POAs were notarized by UPS employee Ashley Scott, who certified Dottie signed the POAs as her "free and voluntary act...." Scott further testified,

Two witnesses to Dottie signing the durable POA stated under oath,

¶ 5 The same day she signed the POAs, Dottie and Barry met with a Federal Way Wells Fargo employee to complete a mandatory "Face to Face Certification" and presentation of identification for the reverse mortgage application. Barry also faxed the general POA to Consumer Counseling Northwest, a HUD7-approved agency that provides mandatory reverse mortgage credit counseling. The following day, Barry completed credit counseling as his mother's attorney-in-fact. Wells Fargo received Barry's signed credit counseling certificate on February 24. Br. of Respondent at 9 (citing CP 954).

¶ 6 Two days earlier, on February 22, Dottie suffered a stroke that caused aphasia and neurological disorder. The record shows, and the parties do not dispute, the stroke rendered her mentally incompetent. Three days after the stroke, she was discharged to a long-term care facility.

¶ 7 Meanwhile, Barry continued to pursue closing the reverse mortgage. He sent Wells Fargo the durable POA to establish his authority to act as Dottie's attorney-in-fact due to her incompetence. On April 1, he also submitted a letter from Dottie's orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Michael Franceschina, to confirm her cerebral vascular stroke and aphasia diagnosis. This letter also described Dottie's "difficulty communicating due to the aphasia." A Wells Fargo mortgage loan processor then sent a fax to Dr. Franceschina's office requesting additional information about Dottie's aphasia diagnosis and mental competency.

But Dr. Franceschina declined to provide the additional information, citing his lack of medical expertise, to express an opinion on Dottie's mental competency. However, a note in Wells Fargo's underwriting file concludes, "Per Ginny Miller—Dr. letter and Definition is enough to verify that borrower is incompetent regardless of time frame."

¶ 8 At closing on April 25, Barry signed the deeds of trust securing the loan under the durable POA grant of authority. Hogg also attended the closing with Barry. The deed covenant required Dottie to live in the condominium as her primary residence.8 Barry also signed an occupancy affidavit. It provided in part,

¶ 9 After the loan closed, Barry deposited approximately $198,000 in loan proceeds into a joint account shared with his mother. He transferred $20,000 to Hogg's personal bank account from this account. This lawsuit ensued to recover the proceeds.

¶ 10 In May 2008, Dottie moved for summary judgment against Barry and Hogg on her conversion and breach of fiduciary duty claims. Hogg successfully cross-moved for summary judgment dismissal, arguing that she had no knowledge that Barry had "interfered" with Dottie's property and that any sums she received were not identifiable. In June, the court denied without prejudice Dottie's summary judgment motion against Barry and granted his third party complaint against Wells Fargo. In October, Dottie amended her complaint to allege misappropriation, conversion, federal reverse mortgage law violations, and unfair or deceptive trade practice claims against Wells Fargo.

¶ 11 On November 14, Dottie moved for summary judgment against Wells Fargo and Barry, arguing that they converted her assets, Barry breached his fiduciary duties to her, and Wells Fargo violated federal reverse mortgage laws. Wells Fargo cross-moved for summary judgment dismissal against Dottie and Barry. The court (1) granted Wells Fargo's summary judgment dismissal motion against Dottie and Barry, (2) denied Dottie's summary judgment motion against Wells Fargo, and (3) granted Dottie's unopposed summary judgment motion against Barry. On January 7, 2009, the court entered final judgment against Barry for $289,571.89, including interest, costs, and statutory fees.9 Dottie appeals the summary judgment dismissal of her claims against Wells Fargo and Hogg.

ANALYSIS

Standard of Review

¶ 12 When reviewing an order granting summary judgment, we engage in the same inquiry as the trial court, viewing the facts and all reasonable inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Jones v. Allstate Ins. Co., 146 Wn.2d 291, 300, 45 P.3d 1068 (2002). Summary judgment is appropriate only where there is no genuine issue of material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. CR 56(c); Jones, 146 Wash.2d at 300-01, 45 P.3d 1068. "A material fact is one upon which the outcome of the litigation depends in whole or in part." Atherton Condo. Apt.-Owners Ass'n Bd. of Dirs. v. Blume Dev. Co., 115 Wn.2d 506, 516, 799 P.2d 250 (1990) (citing Morris v. McNicol, 83 Wn.2d 491, 494, 519 P.2d 7 (1974)).

Claims Against Wells Fargo10

¶ 13 Dottie's liability claims against Wells Fargo rest on three assertions—(1) Wells Fargo failed to verify that Dottie had received mandatory third party credit counseling under 12 U.S.C. section 1715z-20, (2) Wells Fargo improperly approved the reverse mortgage because Dottie was not living in the encumbered property as required by section 1715z-20, and (3) Wells Fargo's section 1715z-20 violations and its improper reliance on the durable POA constitute CPA violations.11

1. Violations of Section 1715z-20

¶ 14 We do not address Dottie's section 1715z-20 claims because section 1715z-20 creates no express or implied private right of action for damages.

¶ 15 The reverse mortgage program, section 1715z-20, "was established by Congress in 1988 to enable elderly homeowners to convert equity in their homes into a supplemental income stream." Patriot, Inc. v. U.S. Dep't of Hous. & Urban Dev., 963 F.Supp. 1, 3 (D.D.C., 1997) (citing 12 U.S.C. § 1715z-20(a)). Nothing in section 1715z-20 expressly creates a private right of action for reverse mortgage holders against their mortgagees for violations of that statute. Accordingly, Dottie must show that section 1715z-20 creates an implied cause of action entitling her to relief. See Birkholm v. Wash. Mut. Bank, F.A., 447 F.Supp.2d 1158, 1162 (W.D.Wash., 2006) (citing Suter v. Artist M., 503 U.S. 347, 363-64, 112 S.Ct. 1360, 118 L.Ed.2d 1 (1992)) ("The burden of demonstrating Congressional intent to create an implied right of action lies with the party asserting an implied right of action.").

¶ 16 To determine if a statute creates a private right of action, we look to the statutory section for "`rights-creating' language."12 Alexander v. Sandoval, 532 U.S. 275, 288, 121 S.Ct. 1511, 149 L.Ed.2d 517 (2001). This inquiry "simply require[s] a determination as to whether or not Congress intended to confer individual rights upon a class of beneficiaries." Gonzaga Univ. v. Doe, 536 U.S. 273, 285, 122 S.Ct. 2268, 2276, 153 L.Ed.2d 309 (2002).

¶ 17 Section 1715z-20 contains no "rights-creating" language. Dottie alleges Wells Fargo failed to verify that she received third party credit counseling and that she lived in the encumbered property as a primary residence. But the counseling stipulation is a requirement for a mortgage "[t]o be eligible for [mortgage] insurance under this section."13 Section 1715z-20(d). Thus, the only consequence for failure to comply with that provision is ineligibility for federal mortgage insurance. Similarly, the primary residence requirement appears in a section authorizing the HUD secretary to insure mortgages if certain requirements are met. This section creates no rights on behalf of private mortgagors.

Section 1715z-20(m) (emphasis added). And no other section clearly contains private "rights-creating" language. Dottie also cites no statutory language or case law that supports an implied private right of action based on § 1715z-20.14 Because 12 U.S.C. section 1715z-20 creates no express or implied private right of action, the trial court properly dismissed Dottie's claims alleging federal reverse mortgage law violations.

2. Consumer Protection Act

¶ 18 To prevail in a private action based on a CPA violation, a party must establish five elements: (1) an unfair or deceptive act or practice (2) occurring in trade or commerce, (3) public interest impact, (4) injury to plaintiff's business or property, and (5) causation. Hangman Ridge Training Stables, Inc. v. Safeco Title Ins. Co., 105 Wn.2d 778, 780, 719 P.2d 531 (1986). A plaintiff must make a prima facie showing of all five elements in order to survive summary judgment. Griffith v. Centex Real Estate Corp., 93 Wn.App. 202, 214, 969 P.2d 486 (1998). Failure to meet one of these elements is fatal to the claim. Hangman Ridge, 105 Wash.2d at 793, 719 P.2d 531.

¶ 19 To establish the first element, a plaintiff "need not show that the act in question was intended to deceive, but that the alleged act had the capacity to deceive a substantial portion of the public."15 Hangman Ridge, 105 Wash.2d at 785, 719 P.2d 531. We review whether particular actions are deceptive as a matter of law. Stephens v. Omni Ins. Co., 138 Wn.App. 151, 166, 159 P.3d 10 (2007). To support her CPA claim, Dottie argues that Barry's withdrawal of "almost all the equity from [Dottie's] home" and "Wells Fargo's complicity in allowing him to do so, to its own profit, was an unfair or deceptive act under Washington's CPA." Br. of Appellant at 17. Dottie also alleges that Wells Fargo "accepted at face value that Dottie was competent when she signed a power of attorney form." Br. of Appellant at 12. But even viewing these contentions as true,16 Dottie fails to explain how Wells Fargo's alleged complicity "had the capacity to deceive a substantial portion of the public." Hangman Ridge, 105 Wash.2d at 785, 719 P.2d 531.

¶ 20 In Burns v. McClinton, 135 Wn.App. 285, 290-91, 143 P.3d 630 (2006), an investor sued his accountant, McClinton, for unauthorized fee increases, alleging multiple theories, including a CPA claim. We reversed a trial court award of attorney fees, treble damages, and an injunction under the CPA, in part because there was no evidence of the "capacity to deceive a substantial portion of the public" element. We reasoned,

McClinton, 135 Wash.App. at 305, 143 P.3d 630.

¶ 21 Like McClinton, the record shows no evidence that Wells Fargo relied on questionable POAs or neglected to verify residency and third party credit counseling when dealing with other reverse mortgage applicants. Dottie correctly acknowledges the state of this record—"Although there was no evidence presented as to other consumers injured by the bank's lending practices, the actions at issue are likely to affect or to have affected other consumers in like circumstances."17 (Emphasis added.) Reply Br. of Appellant at 18. But "[m]ere speculation that an alleged unfair or deceptive act had the capacity to deceive a substantial portion of the public is insufficient to survive summary judgment" on a CPA claim. Westview Invs., Ltd. v. U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n, 133 Wn.App. 835, 854 n. 27, 138 P.3d 638 (2006) (citing Micro Enhancement Int'l, Inc. v. Coopers & Lybrand, LLP, 110 Wn.App. 412, 40 P.3d 1206 (2002)). And Dottie's admission that she presented no evidence that Wells Fargo's actions have the capacity to deceive a large portion of the public defeats her CPA claim. See Hangman Ridge, 105 Wash.2d at 793, 719 P.2d 531 (failure to meet any one of the CPA elements is fatal to the claim).

¶ 22 Wells Fargo also argues that Dottie cannot establish the public interest impact and causation elements. Because we conclude that Dottie's CPA claim fails on the first element, we need not address the remaining elements. See McClinton, 135 Wash.App. at 306, 143 P.3d 630.

Conversion Claim Against Hogg

¶ 24 Dottie next argues that the court erred in dismissing her claim for conversion against Hogg because material fact issues exist regarding liability.18 Despite Hogg's inadequate pro se appellate brief, she maintained below that she was the innocent recipient of $20,000 and this money satisfied Barry's indebtedness to her.

¶ 24 Conversion is "`the act of willfully interfering with any chattel, without lawful justification, whereby any person entitled thereto is deprived of the possession of it.'" Consulting Overseas Mgmt., Ltd. v. Shtikel, 105 Wn.App. 80, 83, 18 P.3d 1144 (2001) (quoting Wash. State Bank v. Medalia Healthcare, LLC, 96 Wn.App. 547, 554, 984 P.2d 1041 (1999)); Davenport v. Wash. Educ. Ass'n, 147 Wn.App. 704, 722, 197 P.3d 686 (2008). "Money may become the subject of conversion, but only if the party charged with conversion wrongfully received the money, or if that party had an obligation to return the money to the party claiming it." Consulting Overseas, 105 Wash.App. at 83, 18 P.3d 1144. Furthermore,

Westview Invs., 133 Wash.App. at 852, 138 P.3d 638 (quoting Davin v. Dowling, 146 Wn. 137, 140-41, 262 P. 123 (1927)).

¶ 25 Wrongful intent is not an element of conversion, and good faith is not a defense. Paris Am. Corp. v. McCausland, 52 Wn.App. 434, 443, 759 P.2d 1210 (1988). "`"Therefore, neither good nor bad faith, neither care nor negligence, neither knowledge nor ignorance, are of the gist of the action [in conversion]."'" In re Marriage of Langham & Kolde, 153 Wn.2d 553, 560, 106 P.3d 212 (2005) (alteration in original) (quoting Judkins v. Sadler-Mac Neil, 61 Wn.2d 1, 4, 376 P.2d 837 (1962)).

¶ 26 We conclude that Dottie has raised a material fact issue regarding Hogg's liability for conversion. Whether Hogg wrongfully received or retained the $20,000 reverse mortgage proceeds is a question of fact.19 Consulting Overseas, 105 Wash.App. at 83, 18 P.3d 1144. Viewed in a light most favorable to Dottie, the record shows20 that Hogg drove Dottie and Barry to the UPS store to sign the POAs on February 15, 2006. She also attended the reverse mortgage closing on April 25—more than two months after Dottie suffered a stroke rendering her physically disabled and mentally incompetent. Six days later, on May 1, Wells Fargo transferred $150,080 to Dottie and Barry's joint bank account, which had a balance of $2,767.68 before the transfer. Barry then immediately transferred $150,000 to his personal bank account, which had an approximate balance of $9 before the transfer. That same day, he transferred $20,000 from his account to Hogg's personal bank account. Hogg's account balance was $491 before this transfer. The durable POA specifically prohibited Barry from "mak[ing] any gifts of [the Principal's] property during the Principal's lifetime, except as provided in Paragraph[s] 4.10[21] and 4.14[22] above." And Hogg acknowledged below that previous gifts from Dottie were "only small gifts like chocolate for Valentine's Day." While Hogg claims the $20,000 she got from Barry satisfied debts he owed her, the record on this point is unclear. Finally, the purpose for reverse mortgage proceeds is to "meet[ ] health, housing, and subsistence needs" of the mortgagor. Section 1715z-20(a)(1). On this record, a jury could reasonably infer that Hogg knew Barry misappropriated Dottie's money (a fact Barry did not dispute below) and improperly transferred $20,000 of it to Hogg. And her receipt and retention of the $20,000 was therefore "wrongful."

¶ 27 Hogg also argued below that "[k]nowledge that there was a previous interference with the property must be present in the converter for liability to attach. Hogg cannot be secondarily liable when she had no knowledge whatsoever about the previous property, which was not identifiable."23 But "[p]roof of the defendants' knowledge or intent are not essential in establishing a conversion." Judkins, 61 Wn.2d 1, 3, 376 P.2d 837 (1962); see also Langham & Kolde, 153 Wash.2d at 560, 106 P.3d 212 (citing Judkins, 61 Wash.2d at 4, 376 P.2d 837). And "[i]f the actor has the intent to do the act exercising dominion or control ... he is not relieved from liability by his mistaken belief that he has possession of the chattel or the right to possession, or that he is privileged to act." RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF TORTS § 223, cmt. (b) (1965). On this record, reasonable minds could differ over whether Hogg's retention of the $20,000 constitutes an intentional and wrongful exercise of dominion and control over it.24 And Hogg cites no authority that her knowledge of Barry's prior interference is required to establish conversion.

¶ 28 As we concluded above, there are material issues of fact pertaining to Hogg's liability for conversion. But even if we assume, without deciding, "knowledge that there was a previous interference with the property" is required to establish a conversion claim, Hogg's credibility about when and what she knew relating to Barry's misappropriation of Dottie's loan proceeds weighs in favor of denying summary judgment.25 "[W]here material facts are particularly within the knowledge of the moving party ... "`it is advisable that the cause proceed to trial in order that the opponent may be allowed to disprove such facts by cross-examination and by the demeanor of the moving party while testifying."'" Riley v. Andres, 107 Wn.App. 391, 395, 27 P.3d 618 (2001) (quoting Mich. Nat'l Bank v. Olson, 44 Wn.App. 898, 905, 723 P.2d 438 (1986)).

¶ 29 We affirm summary judgment dismissal as to Wells Fargo but reverse summary judgment dismissal as to Hogg and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

WE CONCUR: APPELWICK and BECKER, JJ.