QUINN-BRINTNALL, J.
¶ 1 Clark County Superior Court granted Clark County's motion for summary judgment in the present wrongful death tort suit because the appellant, M. Gwyn Myles, failed to notify the Clerk of the Board of Clark County Commissioners of her intent to bring a tort action against Clark County as required by ch. 4.96 RCW and Clark County Code § 2.95.060. Myles appeals, arguing that the notice provisions of ch. 4.96 RCW are unconstitutional or, in the alternative, that 2009 amendments to former RCW 4.96.020 (2006) allowing for "substantial compliance" with the notice provisions should be
¶ 2 On the evening of January 27, 2006, Carlos Villanueva-Villa broadsided William Lloyd Myles's car and fled the collision scene. After authorities apprehended Villanueva-Villa, they determined that he had been intoxicated at the time of the accident. William
¶ 3 On October 27, 2008, William's widow, Myles, sent a damage claim for 5.9 million dollars to the Risk Management Division of Clark County. The claim asserted that the Clark County Sheriff's Office and the Clark County Jail negligently caused William's death by failing to "create jail standards of operation that provide for the public's health and safety." Clerk's Papers (CP) at 109. Specifically, Myles alleged that after stopping Villanueva-Villa for a second driving while under the influence offense on December 23, 2005, law enforcement released him because the Clark County Jail was full at the time of the incident and officials at the jail would not confirm his outstanding warrant for the first driving under the influence charge.
¶ 4 On October 31, Clark County Risk Management Services Risk Manager Mark Wilsdon replied to Myles's claim. Wilsdon denied the claim "for both liability and indemnity." CP at 116. Five days later, Clark County Risk Management Division sent an unsigned, auto-generated letter to Myles stating that it had received her tort claim notice and that the initial claim evaluation could take as "many as 60 days or more." CP at 117. Myles made no attempt to clarify the discrepancy between the two. letters and, on January 20, 2009, filed the present tort suit in Clark County Superior Court. Clark County filed its answer to the suit on May 8. In its answer, Clark County affirmatively raised the defense that Myles "failed to properly file a claim against the [County] as required by Chapter 4.96 RCW."
¶ 5 At the time Myles filed her claim, former RCW 4.96.020(4) stated,
¶ 6 On October 30, 2009, Clark County moved for summary judgment, arguing that "[t]he proper filing of a claim for damages is a `condition precedent to the commencement of any action claiming damages' against a county. RCW 4.96.010(1)." CP at 28. In its supporting memorandum, Clark County noted that in 1987, the Clark County Board of County Commissioners codified § 2.95.060 of
¶ 7 Because Myles filed her claim with the Risk Management Division of Clark County, not with Richards, Clark County asserted that it was improperly notified of her impending litigation and that as a result of the deficient notice, the Clark County Superior Court was "without jurisdiction and dismissal is the only remedy." CP at 28.
¶ 8 On August 10, 2010, the superior court granted Clark County summary judgment on jurisdictional grounds, ruling in a written opinion that "courts have permitted substantial compliance as to the contents of the tort claim but strict compliance as to the service and procedures of the tort claim." CP at 129. The superior court also ruled that legislative amendments to former RCW 4.96.020 allowing for "substantial compliance" with the tort claim filing statutes (rather than the "strict compliance" previously required by legal precedent) did not apply retroactively,
¶ 9 Last, on February 17, the superior court ruled "that there are no genuine issues of material fact and dismissal of the claims against Clark County are warranted as a matter of law" and dismissed the remaining claims with prejudice. CP at 158. Myles timely appeals.
¶ 10 When reviewing an appeal from a summary judgment, we engage in the same inquiry as the trial court. Marincovich v. Tarabochia, 114 Wn.2d 271, 274, 787 P.2d 562 (1990). We determine whether there are genuine issues of material fact undecided and whether the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Marincovich, 114 Wash.2d at 274, 787 P.2d 562. Here, no material facts are in dispute, and we must decide de novo pure questions of law concerning the constitutionality and interpretation of ch. 4.96 RCW and the 2009 amendments to it.
¶ 11 Myles contends that the trial court erred in granting Clark County summary judgment because the claim filing requirements of former RCW 4.96.020 unconstitutionally violate the separation of powers doctrine. Specifically, Myles argues that the 60-day notice requirement under former RCW 4.96.020(4)
¶ 12 Although Myles urges this court to engage in a separation of powers
¶ 13 Art. II, § 26 of the Washington State Constitution provides, "The legislature shall direct by law, in what manner, and in what courts, suits may be brought against the state." (Emphasis added.) Former RCW 4.96.020(4) states,
¶ 14 Neither art. II, § 26 nor former RCW 4.96.020(2) are ambiguous: acting under constitutional authority, the legislature has determined that, in order to bring a tort suit against the State or its municipalities, plaintiffs must first notify the government. This reading of the statute does not encroach upon the judiciary's inherent power to promulgate rules for its practice. See In re Bruen, 102 Wn. 472, 476, 172 P. 1152 (1918). After delivering the required notice, plaintiffs may still commence suit as dictated by CR 3(a). See Waples v. Yi, 169 Wn.2d 152, 162-63, 234 P.3d 187 (2010) (J.M. Johnson, J., dissenting). Moreover, we note that in addressing concerns over the separation of powers, "[t]he question to be asked is not whether two branches of government engage in coinciding activities, but rather whether the activity of one branch threatens the independence or integrity or invades the prerogatives of another." Zylstra v. Piva, 85 Wn.2d 743, 750, 539 P.2d 823 (1975) (emphasis added). Art. II, § 26 unambiguously makes it the legislature's prerogative to determine the manner in which State entities may be sued. Accordingly, we hold that the notice provisions of ch. 4.96 RCW are constitutional.
¶ 15 Next, Myles contends that the trial court erred in finding that a 2009 amendment to former RCW 4.96.020 allowing "substantial compliance" with the statute's presuit claim filing procedures did not apply retroactively. In Myles's case, however, retroactive application of the 2009 amendments is not at issue. Because the amendments to former RCW 4.96.020 came into effect on July 26, 2009 — amendments concerning the compliance determination necessarily made by a trial court — the trial court erred in summarily dismissing Myles's claim on August 10, 2010, for her failure to comply strictly with the procedural requirements of ch. 4.96 RCW. Accordingly, we reverse the superior court and remand for further proceedings.
¶ 16 Since the interpretation of a statutory amendment presents only a question of law, our review is de novo. Dep't of Ecology v. Campbell & Gwinn, LLC, 146 Wn.2d 1, 9, 43 P.3d 4 (2002). We presume that statutory amendments are prospective unless there is a legislative intent to apply the statute retroactively or the amendment is
¶ 17 The overwhelming judicial construction requiring strict compliance with the procedural requirements of former RCW 4.96.020 prior to the 2009 amendments is made clear in Medina v. Public Utility District No. 1 of Benton County, 147 Wn.2d 303, 53 P.3d 993 (2002). There, our Supreme Court began its analysis of former RCW 4.96.020(4) by recognizing the Court of Appeals' long-standing jurisprudence requiring strict compliance with the procedural aspects of the notice statutes:
Medina, 147 Wash.2d at 316, 53 P.3d 993.
¶ 18 Thus, whether the legislature intended the 2009 amendments to former RCW 4.96.020 to be remedial or curative is inapposite in Myles's case. Because Washington courts have consistently held that plaintiffs must strictly comply with the procedural aspects of the presuit claim filing statute, applying the 2009 amendments retroactively clearly contravenes judicial construction of the statute and raises separation of powers concerns. Ramirez, 140 Wash.App. at 289, 165 P.3d 61.
¶ 19 Here, on July 26, 2009, the legislature added a fifth section to former RCW 4.96.020, which reads, "With respect to the content of claims under this section and all procedural requirements in this section, this section must be liberally construed so that substantial compliance will be deemed satisfactory." CP at 39; Laws OF 2009, ch. 433, § 1. The House Bill Report generated during deliberation over the statutory amendments, stated the position in support of the amendments, in part, as follows:
H.B. REP. on Engrossed Substitute H.B. 1533, at 4, 61st Leg., Reg. Sess. (Wash.2009); CP at 87.
¶ 20 Nevertheless, "[w]hether the legislature intended the statute to apply retroactively does not end the inquiry because it remains to be determined whether the statute was in fact applied retroactively" in this case. In re Pers. Restraint of Flint, 174 Wn.2d 539, 546-47, 277 P.3d 657 (2012). A statute applies "when the precipitating event for the application of the statute occurs after the effective date of the statute, even though the precipitating event had its origin in a situation existing prior to the enactment of the statute." Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Wash. Life & Disability Ins. Guar. Ass'n, 83 Wn.2d 523, 535, 520 P.2d 162 (1974) (emphasis added).
¶ 21 Moreover, a statute does not "operate retrospectively just because it upsets expectations based on prior law." Flint, 174 Wash.2d at 547, 277 P.3d 657. "Expectations based on prior law must be distinguished from vested rights.... A statute has retroactive effect if it takes away or impairs a party's vested rights acquired under existing laws." Flint, 174 Wash.2d at 547, 277 P.3d 657; see also State v. Pillatos, 159 Wn.2d 459, 471, 150 P.3d 1130 (2007).
¶ 22 Here, the legislative amendments requiring liberal construction and deeming substantial compliance with ch. 4.96 RCW's presuit claim filing requirements sufficient became effective on July 26, 2009. Clark County did not move for summary judgment until October 30, 2009. Accordingly, although the origin of the precipitating event requiring application of the statute — Myles filing her tort claim on January 20, 2009 — occurred before the July 26, 2009 enactment of the statutory amendments directing liberal compliance review for substantial compliance, the trial court's application of the statute occurred after the effective date of the amendment when it granted summary judgment on August 10, 2010. Thus, the trial court was required to apply the legislative amendments and determine whether Myles had substantially (rather than strictly) satisfied the notice provisions of ch. 4.96 RCW.
¶ 23 Although Clark County may have come to expect it could avoid litigation through operation of the "tricky" provisions of the pretrial notification "gotcha" statutes,
¶ 24 By failing to apply the standard in effect at the time it made its determination of Myles's compliance with the notice of claims statute, the trial court incorrectly granted summary judgment to Clark County. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.
¶ 25 Myles requests attorney fees for this appeal and cites to RAP 18.1 in support of this request. However, RAP 18.1(a) states that attorney fees shall be awarded on appeal only if "applicable law grants to a party the right to recover reasonable attorney fees." And Myles has not indicated any applicable law allowing for attorney fees in this appeal. Accordingly, we deny her request for attorney fees in this appeal. RAP 10.3(a)(6).
We concur: HUNT, J., and WORSWICK, C.J.