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In re Boston Scientific Corp. Pelvic Repair System Products Liability Litigation, 2:17-cv-04003. (2018)

Court: District Court, S.D. West Virginia Number: infdco20180521a90 Visitors: 4
Filed: May 18, 2018
Latest Update: May 18, 2018
Summary: MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER JOSEPH R. GOODWIN , District Judge . Pending before the court is the Defendant's Motion to Dismiss with Prejudice [ECF No. 8] filed by Boston Scientific Corporation ("BSC"). The plaintiff has responded to the Motion. [ECF No. 10]. Thus, this matter is ripe for my review. For the reasons stated below, the Motion is DENIED without prejudice. I. Background The case resides in one of seven MDLs assigned to me by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation conce
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MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER

Pending before the court is the Defendant's Motion to Dismiss with Prejudice [ECF No. 8] filed by Boston Scientific Corporation ("BSC"). The plaintiff has responded to the Motion. [ECF No. 10]. Thus, this matter is ripe for my review. For the reasons stated below, the Motion is DENIED without prejudice.

I. Background

The case resides in one of seven MDLs assigned to me by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation concerning the use of transvaginal surgical mesh to treat pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. In the six remaining active MDLs, there are nearly 20,000 cases currently pending, approximately 3900 of which are in the BSC MDL, MDL 2326.

In an effort to efficiently and effectively manage this MDL, the court decided to conduct pretrial discovery and motions practice on an individualized basis so that once a case is trial-ready (that is, after the court has ruled on all summary judgment motions, among other things), it can then be promptly transferred or remanded to the appropriate district for trial. To this end, the court placed this and other cases in BSC Wave 4. Pretrial Order ("PTO") # 175 [ECF No. 4955], In re Bos. Sci. Corp., Pelvic Repair Sys. Prods. Liab. Litig., No.2:12-md-02326, http://www.wvsd.uscourts.gov/MDL/boston/orders.html.

Managing multidistrict litigation requires the court to streamline certain litigation procedures in order to improve efficiency for the parties and the court. Some of these management techniques simplify the parties' discovery responsibilities. PTO # 175, for example, provides that each plaintiff in Wave 4 must submit a completed Plaintiff Fact Sheet ("PFS") to defendants by March 19, `. PTO # 175, at 2. The plaintiff, however, did not comply with PTO # 175 in that she wholly failed to submit a completed PFS, and on this basis, BSC now seeks dismissal of her case with prejudice.

II. Legal Standard

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37(b)(2) allows a court to sanction a party for failing to comply with discovery orders. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b)(2) (stating that a court "may issue further just orders" when a party "fails to obey an order to provide or permit discovery"). Before levying a harsh sanction under Rule 37, such as dismissal or default, a court must first consider the following four factors identified by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals:

(1) Whether the noncomplying party acted in bad faith; (2) the amount of prejudice his noncompliance caused his adversary, which necessarily includes an inquiry into the materiality of the evidence he failed to produce; (3) the need for deterrence of the particular sort of noncompliance; and (4) the effectiveness of less drastic sanctions.

Mut. Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n v. Richards & Assocs., Inc., 872 F.2d 88, 92 (4th Cir. 1989) (citing Wilson v. Volkswagen of Am., Inc., 561 F.2d 494, 503-06 (4th Cir. 1977)).

In applying these factors to the case at bar, I must be particularly cognizant of the realities of multidistrict litigation and the unique problems an MDL judge faces. Specifically, when handling seven MDLs, containing thousands of individual cases in the aggregate, case management becomes of utmost importance. See In re Phenylpropanolamine Prods. Liab. Litig., 460 F.3d 1217, 1231 (9th Cir. 2006) (emphasizing the "enormous" task of an MDL court in "figur[ing] out a way to move thousands of cases toward resolution on the merits while at the same time respecting their individuality"). I must define rules for discovery and then strictly adhere to those rules, with the purpose of ensuring that pretrial litigation flows as smoothly and efficiently as possible. See id. at 1232 ("[T]he district judge must establish schedules with firm cutoff dates if the coordinated cases are to move in a diligent fashion toward resolution by motion, settlement, or trial."); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 1 (stating that the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure "should be construed, administered, and employed by the court and the parties to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding").

In turn, counsel must collaborate with the court "in fashioning workable programmatic procedures" and cooperate with these procedures thereafter. In re Phenylpropanolamine, 460 F.3d at 1231-32. Pretrial orders—and the parties' compliance with those orders and the deadlines set forth therein—"are the engine that drives disposition on the merits." Id. at 1232. And a "willingness to resort to sanctions" in the event of noncompliance can ensure that the engine remains in tune, resulting in better administration of the vehicle of multidistrict litigation. Id.; see also Freeman v. Wyeth, 764 F.3d 806, 810 (8th Cir. 2014) ("The MDL judge must be given `greater discretion' to create and enforce deadlines in order to administrate the litigation effectively. This necessarily includes the power to dismiss cases where litigants do not follow the court's orders.").

II. Discussion

Pursuant to PTO # 175, each plaintiff in Wave 4 was ordered to complete and serve a PFS on defendants by March 19, 2018. PTO # 175, at 2. According to BSC, the plaintiff failed to submit a completed PFS within the court-ordered deadline. Accordingly, pursuant to PTO # 175, BSC now moves for dismissal of the plaintiff's case with prejudice. In response, plaintiff's counsel states that this case was recently added to an existing settlement agreement with BSC, and will soon be placed on the inactive docket. As of the date of this Order, neither party has filed a Notice of Settlement with the court, nor has this case been placed on the inactive docket. As such, both parties remain obligated to adhere to the deadlines set forth in PTO # 175.

Applying the Wilson factors to these facts and bearing in mind the unique context of multidistrict litigation, I conclude that the plaintiff should be afforded one more chance to comply with discovery before further sanctions are imposed.

The first factor, bad faith, is not present in this case. Plaintiff's response to BSC's Motion indicates that the reason for failing to provide the completed PFS was plaintiff's counsel's anticipation of reaching a settlement agreement with BSC. Nonetheless, as set forth in PTO # 4, "[a]ll attorneys representing parties to this litigation . . . bear the responsibility to represent their individual client or clients." PTO # 4, at ¶ C [ECF No. 103], In re Bos. Sci. Corp., Pelvic Repair Sys. Prods. Liab. Litig., No. 2:12-md-02326, http://www.wvsd.uscourts.gov/MDL/boston/orders.html. This includes awareness of and good faith attempts at compliance with all PTOs and other court orders. PTO # 16, which was jointly drafted by the leadership counsel of both parties, expressly states that any plaintiff who fails to comply with PFS obligations may, for good cause shown, be subject to sanctions. PTO # 16, at ¶ 2(d) [ECF No. 211], In re Bos. Sci. Corp., Pelvic Repair Sys. Prods. Liab. Litig., No. 2:12-md-02326, http://www.wvsd.uscourts.gov/MDL/boston/orders.html. As this case remains on the active docket, both parties remain obligated to adhere to the deadlines in PTO # 175.

The second factor—prejudice caused by noncompliance—weighs against the order of sanctions in this case. Because settlement negotiations have been ongoing, BSC is aware of the facts of the case and has all of the information necessary to finalize a settlement agreement.

This leads to the third factor, the need to deter this sort of noncompliance. When parties fail to comply with deadlines provided in pretrial orders, a domino effect develops, resulting in the disruption of other MDL cases. From the representations of BSC's counsel, a considerable number of plaintiffs have failed to supply a timely PFS. Consequently, the court expects to have to evaluate and dispose of a significant number of motions similar to the one at bar, thereby directing its time and resources to noncompliant plaintiffs at the expense of other plaintiffs in this MDL. This cumbersome pattern goes against the purpose of MDL procedure, and I must deter any behavior that would allow it to continue. See H.R. Rep. No. 90-1130, at 1 (1967), reprinted in 1968 U.S.C.C.A.N. 1898, 1901 (stating that the purpose of establishing MDLs is to "assure the uniform and expeditious treatment" of the included cases).

Application of the fourth factor—the effectiveness of less drastic sanctions— counsels against the relief sought by BSC. Rather than imposing harsh sanctions at this time, the court opts for a lesser sanction and allows the plaintiff one more chance to comply, subject to dismissal, upon motion by the defendant, if she fails to do so. This course of action is consistent with PTO # 16, which warned plaintiffs of the possibility of dismissal upon failure to submit a timely PFS. See PTO # 16, at ¶ 2(d).

Alternative lesser sanctions, such as the ones proposed in Rule 37(b)(2)(i)-(iv), are simply impracticable, and therefore ineffective, in the context of an MDL containing approximately 3900 cases. The court cannot spare its already limited resources enforcing and monitoring sanctions that are qualified by the individual circumstances of each case, nor would it be fair for the court to place this responsibility on defendants. Therefore, considering the administrative and economic realities of multidistrict litigation, I conclude that affording the plaintiff a final chance to comply with discovery, subject to dismissal if she fails to do so, is a "just order" under Rule 37 and in line with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure as a whole. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 1 (stating that the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure "should be construed, administered, and employed by the court and the parties to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding").

IV. Conclusion

It is ORDERED that the Defendant's Motion to Dismiss with Prejudice [ECF No. 8] is DENIED without prejudice. It is further ORDERED that the plaintiff must serve her completed PFS on BSC on or before June 18, 2018. Failure to comply with this Order may result in dismissal with prejudice upon motion by BSC. Finally, it is ORDERED that plaintiff's counsel send a copy of this Order to the plaintiff via certified mail, return receipt requested, and file a copy of the receipt.

The court DIRECTS the Clerk to send a copy of this Order to counsel of record and any unrepresented party.

Source:  Leagle

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