BLD-290                                                       NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                                 ___________

                                      No. 20-1575
                                      ___________

                                   ANDY BUXTON,
                                                       Appellant

                                            v.

         IVA C. DOUGHERTY; KATIE WYMARD; RICHARD MILLER;
        CHRISTOPHER ANTONUCCI; ROBERT MARSILI; AMBER NOEL;
       SCOTT SHANK; RIVERS CASINO; ATTORNEY GENERALS OFFICE;
                   ANDREW TOTH; DAN SAMMARTINO
                  ____________________________________

                    On Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Western District of Pennsylvania
                                (D.C. No. 2:15-cv-01653
                     District Judge: Honorable Joy Flowers Conti
                     ____________________________________

       Submitted for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B) or
         Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
                                 on August 27, 2020

           Before: AMBRO, GREENAWAY, JR., and BIBAS, Circuit Judges

                          (Opinion filed: September 14, 2020)

                                      ___________

                                       OPINION*
                                      ___________


*
  This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
PER CURIAM

     Appellant Andy Buxton appeals the District Court’s grant of summary judgment in fa-

vor of Rivers Casino. We will affirm.

     As we write mainly for the parties, who are familiar with the lengthy procedural back-

ground in this case, we provide only a brief summary here. Buxton originally filed a com-

plaint against several employees of the Pennsylvania Attorney General’s Office alleging

that they conspired with others to bring charges against him based on fabricated evidence.

Buxton then twice amended his complaint, adding a total of twelve defendants, including

Rivers Casino. While all other defendants were dismissed with prejudice,1 the District

Court allowed the civil conspiracy and fabrication of evidence claims against Rivers Ca-

sino to proceed.

     The undisputed facts2 reveal that Rivers Casino received a grand jury subpoena, which

directed the casino to produce player information and surveillance history about Buxton.


1
  Despite Buxton’s conclusory contentions to the contrary, the District Court’s dismissal
of the other defendants was proper. Buxton failed to attach a certificate of merit to his
complaint to support his malpractice claims against his former attorney. See Schmigel v.
Uchal, 

, 119 (3d Cir. 2015). Buxton’s allegations against the eight defend-
ants who worked for the Pennsylvania Attorney General stemmed from their preparation
of the case and are barred by prosecutorial immunity. See Imbler v. Pachtman, 

, 427 (1976); Black v. Bayer, 

, 321 (3d Cir. 1982), abrogated on other
grounds by D.R. v. Middle Bucks Area Vocational Tech. Sch., 

, 1368 n.7
(3d Cir. 1992). Buxton’s claim against a police officer grounded on testimony given
against him is barred by absolute witness immunity. See Briscoe v. LaHue, 

,
326 (1983). Finally, Buxton’s claims against Allegheny County and North Huntingdon
pursuant to Monell v. Department of Social Services, 

, 692 (1978), failed
because Buxton did not allege a policy or custom that caused his alleged constitutional
violations.
2
    We agree with the District Court that Buxton’s statement of undisputed material facts
                                              2
Rivers Casino complied and produced copies of electronic customer activity reports, trans-

action reports, and W-9s related to Buxton. Rivers Casino received a second subpoena that

sought the same information but for a different time period; Rivers Casino again complied.

A final subpoena was issued directing Rivers Casino to produce surveillance footage of

Buxton for a certain time period. Rivers Casino provided all surveillance footage that was

requested. Rivers Casino stated that it does not have any reason to believe that the infor-

mation it provided in response to the subpoenas is inaccurate in any respect.

   The District Court granted summary judgment in favor of Rivers Casino. It held that

Buxton failed to prove that Rivers Casino was a state actor, which precluded liability under

§ 1983. The District Court also held that, even if Rivers Casino were a state actor, Buxton

failed to present evidence that it conspired with another actor to deprive him of his consti-

tutional rights. The District Court finally determined that Buxton failed to present evidence

of a conspiracy under Pennsylvania state law. Buxton appealed.

   We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and exercise de novo review over the

District Court’s order granting summary judgment. See S.H. ex rel. Durrell v. Lower Mer-

ion Sch. Dist., 

, 256 (3d Cir. 2013). Summary judgment is proper when there

is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment

as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a); Kaucher v. Cty. of Bucks, 

, 422–23

(3d Cir. 2006). If the moving party meets the initial burden of establishing that there is no

genuine issue, the burden shifts to the nonmoving party to “come forward with specific


relies primarily on speculation and legal conclusions. It also fails to genuinely dispute the
facts as reported in Rivers Casino’s statement of undisputed material facts.
                                              3
facts” showing that there is a genuine issue for trial. See Santini v. Fuentes, 

,

416 (3d Cir. 2015) (quoting Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 

, 587 (1986)) (internal quotation marks omitted). We may affirm on any basis supported

by the record. See Fairview Twp. v. EPA, 

, 525 n.15 (3d Cir. 1985).

    To prevail on his claim under § 1983, Buxton must show not only that Rivers Casino

violated his constitutional rights, but also that it acted under the color of state law. West v.

Atkins, 

, 48 (1988). Buxton bears the burden of proving that Rivers Casino

acted under the color of state law. Robert S. v. Stetson Sch., Inc., 

, 164 (3d

Cir. 2001). The record reveals that Rivers Casino merely responded to a grand jury sub-

poena by providing the documents that the prosecutor requested. Though Buxton stated in

an affidavit that Rivers Casino was conspiring with the state prosecutors, he provided no

evidence to support such a claim and did not meet his burden of proving that Rivers Casino

acted under the color of state law.

    In any event, there is no evidence in the record (other than Buxton’s conclusory asser-

tions) that any constitutional violation occurred. Buxton claims that Rivers Casino con-

spired with the Attorney General’s Office in a scheme to cover up mismanagement at the

casino, but he has provided very weak supporting evidence of any such conspiracy.3 He

also alleged that Rivers Casino provided “inaccurate, fabricated, and incomplete” evidence

in response to the grand jury subpoenas. However, Buxton provided no reason to doubt


3
  For the same reason, Buxton’s state law conspiracy claim fails. Apart from his own
speculative affidavits, Buxton provided email exchanges between the Gaming Agent at
the Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General and various personnel at Rivers Casino.
However, the emails pertain only to trial scheduling matters.
                                               4
that the information provided to prosecutors came directly from the casino’s electronic

management system.

   Accordingly, we will affirm the District Court’s judgment. Buxton’s motion for ap-

pointment of counsel is denied.




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