11-175-cv(L)
Ransmeier v. UAL Corporation, et al.


                                UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                    FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                       SUMMARY ORDER
Rulings by summary order do not have precedential effect. Citation to a summary order filed on or after
January 1, 2007, is permitted and is governed by Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 32.1 and this court’s
Local Rule 32.1.1. When citing a summary order in a document filed with this court, a party must cite either
the Federal Appendix or an electronic database (with the notation “summary order”). A party citing a
summary order must serve a copy of it on any party not represented by counsel.

        At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York,
on the 26th day of June, two thousand twelve.

PRESENT:
                   PETER W. HALL,
                   SUSAN L. CARNEY,1
                                    Circuit Judges.
_____________________________________________

JOHN C. RANSMEIER, ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ESTATE OF LOUIS NEIL MARIANI, DECEASED,

                                                 Plaintiff-Appellee,

and

COLGAN AIR INC., A VIRGINIA CORPORATION, US AIRWAYS, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, L
3 COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION SECURITY AND DETECTION SYSTEMS, A DELAWARE
CORPORATION, L 3 COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION, A DELAWARE CORPORATION, L 3
COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, INVISION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.,
STATE OF INCORPORATION UNKNOWN, QUANTUM MAGNETICS, INC., STATE OF INCORPORATION
UNKNOWN, HEIMANN SYSTEMS CORP., STATE OF INCORPORATION UNKNOWN, AIR FRANCE, A
FRENCH CORPORATION, DELTA AIRLINES, A CORPORATION, SWISS, A SWISS CORPORATION, AIR
JAMAICA, A JAMAICAN CORPORATION, CAPE AIR, AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION, A TRADE
ORGANIZATION,

                                                 Defendants,



         1
         Hon. Barrington D. Parker, Jr., originally assigned to this panel, recused himself from
consideration of this appeal. The appeal was decided by the panel’s remaining two judges, who
are in agreement as to the disposition, pursuant to Internal Operating Procedure E(b), formerly
§ 0.14(b) of the Local Rules of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
UAL CORPORATION, AN ILLINOIS CORPORATION, UNITED AIRLINES, INC., AN ILLINOIS
CORPORATION, HUNTLEIGH USA CORPORATION, A MISSOURI CORPORATION, ICTS
INTERNATIONAL NV, A NETHERLANDS BUSINESS ENTITY OF UNKNOWN FORM, GLOBAL AVIATION
SERVICES, A DELAWARE CORPORATION, BURNS INTERNATIONAL SECURITY SERVICES CORP., A
DELAWARE CORPORATION, SECURITAS AB, A SWEDISH BUSINESS ENTITY OF UNKNOWN FORM,
MASSACHUSETTS PORT AUTHORITY, A GOVERNMENT ENTITY, THE BOEING COMPANY, AN ILLINOIS
CORPORATION, MIDWEST EXPRESS AIRLINES, INC., A WISCONSIN CORPORATION, CONTINENTAL
AIRLINES, INC., A CORPORATION, DOES, 1 THROUGH 100, INCLUSIVE, MIDWEST AIRLINES, INC.,

                                               Defendants-Appellees,

                                               v.             Nos. 11-175-cv(L); 11-640-cv(Con)

ELLEN MARIANI, Proposed Intervenor,

                                    Appellant.2
______________________________________________

FOR APPELLANT:                                 BRUCE LEICHTY, Clovis, California.

FOR PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE:                        PETER G. BEESON (Charles R. Capace, Zimble &
                                               Brettler, Boston, Massachusetts, on the brief),
                                               Devine Millimet & Branch, Professional
                                               Association, Concord, New Hampshire.

FOR DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES:                      JEFFREY J. ELLIS (Michael R. Feagley, Mayer
                                               Brown, LLP, Chicago, Illinois, on the brief), Quirk
                                               and Bakalor, P.C., New York, New York.

       Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District of

New York (Hellerstein, J.). UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED,

ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

       Appellant Ellen Mariani appeals from the district court’s November 15, 2010, order

denying her motion to intervene and the March 1, 2010, order denying (once again) her

attorney’s motion for admission pro hac vice.3 We assume the parties’ familiarity with the facts,



       2
           The Clerk of the Court is requested to amend the caption as set forth above.
       3
         Mariani also purports to appeal from the district court’s January 26, 2011, compromise
order authorizing the final distribution of the settlement, and from the district court’s February 8,
                                                   2
procedural history, and issues on appeal.

       A thorough examination of the record demonstrates that Mariani has only one true

argument on appeal—that she was entitled to intervene as of right under Fed. R. Civ. P. 24(a)(2).

Rule 24(a)(2), of course, was the very basis for Mariani’s first motion to intervene. The district

court denied that motion, and we affirmed that decision on appeal. See N.S. Windows, LLC v.

Minoru Yamasaki Associates, Inc., 351 F. App’x 461, 467 (2d Cir. 2009) (summary order).

Mariani’s renewed attempt to intervene is foreclosed by the doctrine of the law of the case.

       This doctrine, in reality, consists of two closely-related rules. The first, the so-called

mandate rule, “requires a trial court to follow an appellate court’s previous ruling on an issue in

the same case.” United States v. Quintieri, 

, 1225 (2d Cir. 2002) (emphasis

added). Under the second rule, which is somewhat more flexible, a court—be it a district court

or an appeals court—will generally follow its own earlier ruling on an issue in later stages of a

litigation unless “cogent and compelling reasons militate otherwise.” 

omitted).

       Mariani argues that her second motion to intervene does not implicate the law of the case

doctrine because it presented a brand-new reason for intervening, to wit, her alleged discovery

that Ransmeier was operating under a conflict of interest. The flaw in that assertion, however, is

that the district court did not rely on this new argument when it determined to deny Mariani’s

second motion to intervene. Rather, the court denied the motion for the same reason as the first

time around—that Mariani did not have an interest in the litigation.




2011, order denying her motion to reconsider the January order. Because we affirm the district
court’s order denying Mariani leave to intervene, she has no standing as a non-party to challenge
the settlement.
                                                3
       The first time Mariani tried to intervene, her chief argument was that a so-called

“individual loss of consortium” claim constituted a sufficient “interest” to give her the absolute

right, under Rule 24(a)(2), to intervene in the proceedings below.4 The district court definitively

rejected that argument in its November 5, 2007, order denying intervention, holding that, by

virtue of her agreement with Peters, Mariani had “no legal status” in the federal action and that

any arguments she had regarding her individual loss of consortium claim needed to be made in

New Hampshire probate court. As the district court explained, federal courts “do[] not sit to

review decisions of the probate court.”

       On appeal, this court expanded on Judge Hellerstein’s analysis. Between the time the

district court denied Mariani’s motion and the time we decided her first appeal, the New

Hampshire Supreme Court had raised some doubt regarding whether Mariani even had an

individual loss of consortium claim, and, if so, whether Ransmeier had the authority to settle that

claim. See N.S. Windows, 351 F. App’x at 466-67. We held, however, that Mariani’s probate

court agreement with Peters demonstrated her clear intention and commitment to abandon all her

claims, including her loss of consortium claims, and to let Ransmeier pursue them on her behalf

in the Peters litigation. 

we explained that for the purposes of the

federal litigation Mariani was bound by her agreement in New Hampshire probate court. 

she wanted to challenge that agreement, she had to do so in the probate court. 

of our decision in N.S. Windows is that, by handing over her

claims to Ransmeier, Mariani no longer possessed a sufficient interest to justify intervention as

of right under Fed. R. Civ. P. 24(a)(2). To gain such an interest, she had somehow to dissolve

the agreement she had reached in the probate court, which is why we pointed her back there.

       4
         Mariani also asserted at one time that she was a “real party in interest” as defined by
Fed. R. Civ. P. 17(a), but she abandoned that position long ago.
                                                 4
Consequently, in deciding Mariani’s second motion to intervene, Judge Hellerstein was not just

permitted, he was required to follow our prior ruling. See DeWeerth v. Baldinger, 

,

1271 (2d Cir. 1994) (law of the case doctrine applies to issues previously decided by necessary

implication). And that is exactly what he did, denying the motion on the basis of his own prior

ruling and our decision in N.S. Windows. Crucially, although Mariani had briefed her new

argument regarding Ransmeier’s alleged conflict in great detail, Judge Hellerstein did not at all

rely on this new argument, which arguably goes to the “adequate representation” prong of Rule

24(a)(2). Instead, he explained that he had “already ruled that Ms. Mariani has no interest to

justify intervention because her complaints belong before the New Hampshire Probate Court,”

and that, despite Mariani’s new arguments, there was “no basis to reconsider” his prior decision.

(Emphasis added.)

       Mariani may have a right to have a court hear her concerns regarding Ransmeier’s

representation. For example, to the extent Ransmeier’s alleged conflict of interest compromised

his obligations to her as administrator of her husband’s estate, she may be able to pursue those

claims in New Hampshire probate court. We express no view in that regard. We are firm in our

holding, however, that such claims simply do not give rise to an “interest” sufficient to give her

the right to intervene in these proceedings.

       The district court’s decision to apply correctly the law of the case doctrine and to deny

Mariani’s second motion to intervene was not an abuse of discretion. See United States v. City of

New York, 

, 364 (2d Cir. 1999). Having properly determined for the second time

that Mariani was not permitted to intervene, the district court again did not abuse its discretion in

denying Mariani’s attorney’s application for admission pro hac vice on the grounds that Mariani

was a non-party.


                                                  5
       We have considered the remainder of Mariani’s arguments and find them to be without

merit, and therefore AFFIRM the judgment of the district court.

       Further, “we cannot help but register our concern with appellant[’s] frivolous conduct in

pursuing this appeal.” Smith v. Silverman (In re Smith), 

, 190 (2d Cir. 2011).

Despite the clear res judicata effect of N.S. Windows, Mariani and her attorney, Bruce Leichty,5

chose to return to the district court and file a series of vexatious motions whose lack of legal

merit is matched only by their discreditable tone. Beyond specious arguments, including that

N.S. Windows had actually given Mariani standing, contra 351 F. App’x at 464, their briefs

feature an escalating series of ad hominem attacks on opposing counsel and bombastic

challenges to the integrity of the district court. All this has continued on appeal, culminating

with Mariani’s and Leichty’s defiant motion to supplement the record, which supposedly

identifies “newly discovered” evidence of the district court’s partiality, but is in fact nothing

more than a vehicle for asserting deeply troubling personal slurs against Judge Hellerstein and

his family.6

       Under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 38, 28 U.S.C. § 1927, and our own inherent

authority “to consider sanctions on parties who pursue patently frivolous appeals” and force us to

consider and the appellees to defend vexatious litigation, “we may, with adequate notice and

opportunity to be heard, impose sanctions nostra sponte.” Gallop v. Cheney, 

, 370

(2d Cir. 2011) (alterations and punctuation omitted). Appellant Mariani and her counsel Leichty

are therefore each ordered to show cause, no later than fourteen days following entry of this

       5
         Because Judge Hellerstein denied Leichty’s application to appear pro hac vice,
Mariani’s briefing below was allegedly filed pro se. We agree with the district court’s
assessment that the briefs were obviously written by Leichty. In any event, Leichty’s behavior
has continued during this appeal, now that he officially represents Mariani.
       6
           This motion will be denied by separate order.
                                                 6
order, why they should not be sanctioned in the form of double costs, for which Mariani and

Leichty would be jointly and severally liable. Their responses shall each be no more than ten

pages, double-spaced. Any appellee wishing to respond may file a supplemental letter brief, not

longer than fifteen pages, double-spaced, within fourteen days of the date by which the responses

of appellant Mariani and her counsel Leichty are due.


                                                    FOR THE COURT:
                                                    Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk




                                               7