Filed: May 10, 2006
Latest Update: Feb. 21, 2020
Summary: United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit F I L E D UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT May 10, 2006 Charles R. Fulbruge III Clerk No. 05-60621 Summary Calendar BENJI MACAULAY, Petitioner, versus ALBERTO R. GONZALEZ, U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL, Respondent. Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals (A77 494 645) Before BARKSDALE, STEWART, and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Benji Macaulay petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (BIA) denial
Summary: United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit F I L E D UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT May 10, 2006 Charles R. Fulbruge III Clerk No. 05-60621 Summary Calendar BENJI MACAULAY, Petitioner, versus ALBERTO R. GONZALEZ, U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL, Respondent. Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals (A77 494 645) Before BARKSDALE, STEWART, and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Benji Macaulay petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (BIA) denial ..
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United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FIFTH CIRCUIT May 10, 2006
Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
No. 05-60621
Summary Calendar
BENJI MACAULAY,
Petitioner,
versus
ALBERTO R. GONZALEZ, U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL,
Respondent.
Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
(A77 494 645)
Before BARKSDALE, STEWART, and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Benji Macaulay petitions for review of the Board of
Immigration Appeals’ (BIA) denial of a motion to reconsider its
affirmance of the Immigration Judge’s (IJ) order that he be removed
to Nigeria. Macaulay challenges whether, under INA § 241(b)(2)(E),
8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(2)(E), the IJ could designate Nigeria as his
country of removal, when his citizenship and nationality status are
not properly documented.
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that
this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except
under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
Macaulay has no passport, birth certificate, or other
documents to verify his citizenship. He claims to have been born
in the United States, but his first known residence was in England,
where he was adopted by a Nigerian couple. He later became a ward
of the English foster-care system until, as a teenager, he ran away
to Paris, France. He spent several years in western Europe, during
which time he claimed Nigerian citizenship to obtain cash benefits
granted by the German government to Nigerian asylum-seekers.
Macaulay entered the United States around 1990 (apparently
using a false passport) and committed credit-card fraud and other
identity-theft crimes. Following his incarceration for these
crimes, the former Immigration and Nationalization Service (INS)
began proceedings to remove him from the United States. (Macaulay
has used nearly two dozen aliases and has claimed various birth
dates, places of birth, social security numbers, and drivers
license numbers.)
The IJ ordered him removed to Nigeria. Nigeria was deemed
Macaulay’s proper place of removal under 8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(2).
The BIA affirmed Macaulay’s removal to Nigeria, stating: Macaulay
did not contest either the IJ’s finding that he was not a United
States citizen or that he was removable as charged; he did not
designate a country of removal; he did not provide information
regarding his birth, citizenship, or from where he entered the
United States; and the record included three exhibits indicating
Macaulay was born in Nigeria. Under 8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(2)(E)(i)-
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(vi), which includes an alien’s country of birth or prior
residence, Macaulay could be removed to Nigeria without advance
consent of the Nigerian government. Jama v. Immigration & Customs
Enforcement,
543 U.S. 335,
125 S. Ct. 694, 701 (2005) (holding
advance consent is required only for § 1231(b)(2)(E)(vii)). The
BIA denied Macaulay’s motion to reconsider, finding no errors of
fact or law warranting reconsideration.
The denial of the motion to reconsider is reviewed for abuse
of discretion. Zhao v. Gonzales,
404 F.3d 295, 301 (5th Cir.
2005). “It is our duty to allow [a] decision to be made by the
Attorney General’s delegate ... so long as it is not capricious,
racially invidious, utterly without foundation in the evidence, or
otherwise so aberrational that it is arbitrary rather than the
result of any perceptible rational approach.” Osuchukwu v. INS,
744 F.2d 1136, 1142 (5th Cir. 1984). We review the BIA’s decision,
not the IJ’s. Renteria-Gonzalez v. INS,
322 F.3d 804, 816 (5th
Cir. 2002); see Moin v. Ashcroft,
335 F.3d 415, 418 (5th Cir. 2003)
(“This Court will not reverse a BIA decision unless the petitioner
provides evidence so compelling that no reasonable fact-finder
could conclude against it.”) (internal citation and quotation marks
omitted).
The BIA did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion.
Macaulay was estopped from claiming United States citizenship based
on his prior federal conviction for a false claim to United States
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citizenship. See Howard v. INS,
930 F.2d 432, 436 (5th Cir. 1991)
(“[B]ecause [petitioner’s] convictions established his status as an
alien and because he has not offered any proof that his status has
changed since [his conviction date], we hold that the issue of his
alienage is collaterally estopped in his deportation
proceedings”.). He has been untruthful in his reports to
authorities, and the only country with which he has consistently
identified is Nigeria. Macaulay did not provide a country of
removal, but this does not mean that he is not removable; the IJ
was forced to select a country for him. Because of the evidence
connecting Macaulay to Nigeria, and his failure in his motion to
reconsider to present any errors of fact or law, the BIA did not
abuse its discretion in denying his motion.
Osuchukwu, 744 F.2d at
1142.
DENIED
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