15-3488
      Ames v. N.Y. State Dep’t of Corr. & Cmty. Supervision


                              UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                  FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

                                            SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER
FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE
PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A
DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY
ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

                     At a stated Term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit,
      held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, at 40 Foley Square, in the City of New
      York, on the 29th day of September, two thousand sixteen.

      PRESENT:
                         ROBERT A. KATZMANN,
                              Chief Judge,
                         RICHARD C. WESLEY,
                         PETER W. HALL,
                              Circuit Judges.


      DOUGLAS AMES,

                                  Plaintiff-Appellant,

                         v.                                            No. 15-3488

      JAMES STEVENS, Correction Officer, DAVID
      SMITH, Correction Officer, THOMAS SCHUNK,
      Correction Officer, CHRISTOPHER
      MCDERMOTT, Lieutenant,

                                  Defendants-Appellees,

      NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF
      CORRECTIONS AND COMMUNITY
      SUPERVISION, PATRICK MCINTYRE,
      Correction Officer, T. M. HOBART, Correction
      Officer, S. KING, Correction Officer, P. MORRIS,
      Sergeant, JOHN DOES, Correction Officers,
                             Defendants.*


For Plaintiff-Appellant:                                         ALVIN LEE (J. Peter Coll, Jr., on the brief),
                                                                 Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, New
                                                                 York, NY.

For Defendants-Appellees:                                        FREDERICK A. BRODIE, Assistant Solicitor
                                                                 General of Counsel (Barbara D. Underwood,
                                                                 Solicitor General, and Andrew B. Ayers,
                                                                 Senior Assistant Solicitor General, on the
                                                                 brief), for Eric T. Schneiderman, Attorney
                                                                 General of the State of New York, Albany,
                                                                 NY.

           Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District of

New York (D’Agostino, J.).

           UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND

DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

           Following entry of final judgment on September 24, 2015, Plaintiff-Appellant Douglas

Ames appeals from two pre-trial rulings of the United States District Court for the Northern

District of New York (D’Agostino, J.), entered on September 17 and 18, 2015, precluding Ames

from introducing into evidence at trial a report prepared by the Correctional Association of New

York (“Association”), a private, nonprofit organization. We assume the parties’ familiarity with

the underlying facts, procedural history, and issues on appeal.

           “We review for abuse of discretion the admission of evidence.” Abascal v. Fleckenstein,

, 564 (2d Cir. 2016). “A district court is said to abuse its discretion if it bases its

ruling on an erroneous view of the law or on a clearly erroneous assessment of the evidence, or

renders a decision that cannot be located within the range of permissible decisions.” Gomez v.



*
    The Clerk of Court is respectfully directed to amend the caption to conform to the caption above.

                                                            2
City of New York, 

, 423 (2d Cir. 2015) (citation, internal quotation marks, and

brackets omitted).

       Ames sought to introduce the Association’s report under Rule 803(8) of the Federal

Rules of Evidence, the public-records exception to the rule against hearsay. That Rule extends

only to “[a] record or statement of a public office.” Fed. R. Evid. 803(8) (emphasis added). The

district court concluded “that the Correctional Association is not a ‘public office’ under Rule

803(8), and its reports should not be analyzed as such.” Ames v. Stevens, No. 9:12-cv-01487

(MAD/RFT), 

, at *7 (N.D.N.Y. Sept. 17, 2015). This holding proved

prescient; several months later, we reached the same conclusion in a different case. See 

(“The Association is not a public agency. [Its] Report, therefore, is not a record

or statement from a public office.”).

       Ames argues that Abascal either was wrongly decided or is distinguishable because,

Ames contends, it did not consider that the public-records exception “is not limited to public

agencies, and can encompass non-governmental entities as well.” Appellant’s Reply Br. at 8

(citing United States v. Doyle, 

, 546–47 (2d Cir. 1997)). We believe that the holding

in Abascal resolves this issue, and the Association is not the type of nongovernmental entity that

falls within the Rule’s ambit. Indeed, we are unaware of any case holding that an entity like the

Association, a private, nonprofit advocacy organization with permissive powers to visit prisons

and prepare reports on their conditions for the government and the wider public, qualifies as a

“public office” within the meaning of Rule 803(8). The cases cited in Ames’s brief involving

nongovernmental entities deemed “public offices” for purposes of the Rule all involve entities

operating under an ongoing legal duty to perform a function for the government, see, e.g.,

Erickson v. Baxter Healthcare, Inc., 

, 967 (N.D. Ill. 2001), acting at the



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behest of the government, see, e.g., Yankee Atomic Elec. Co. v. United States, No. 98-126 C,

2004 U.S. Claims LEXIS 363, at *22, 

, at *6 (Fed. Cl. Sept. 17, 2004), or that

are themselves governmental subcommittees, see Hill v. Marshall, 

, 1215 n.2 (6th

Cir. 1992) (admitting as a public record a report from a legislative subcommittee constituted by

Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 103.71 and consisting entirely of members of the Ohio State

Legislature).

       In sum, we find no reason to part with Abascal’s conclusion that the Association is “an

independent nonprofit organization” that does not qualify as a “public office” within the meaning

of Rule 803(8). 

–67.

       We have considered all of Ames’s contentions on appeal and have found in them no basis

for reversal. For the reasons stated herein, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

                                             FOR THE COURT:
                                             Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk




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