WENDY L. HAGENAU, Bankruptcy Judge.
This matter is before the Court on Defendant Aldridge Pite, LLP's ("Defendant") Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim ("Motion") (Docket No. 3). For the reasons stated below, the Motion is granted.
Plaintiff filed her voluntary petition under Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Code on September 30, 2016. Plaintiff subsequently filed this adversary proceeding on January 6, 2017 against Defendant seeking damages for allegedly violating the Fair Debt Collections Practices Act ("FDCPA") ("Complaint") (Docket No. 1). Specifically, the Complaint alleges that Defendant sent a notice to Plaintiff regarding a loan in the name of her deceased mother, Doris Rhodes ("Notice"), and that the Notice failed to include certain required disclosures regarding Defendant's status as a "debt collector" in violation of 15 U.S.C. §§ 1692e and e(11). Defendant filed its Motion seeking to dismiss the adversary proceeding, arguing that Plaintiff failed to allege facts sufficient to show that Defendant is a "debt collector" subject to the FDCPA or that the Notice was an attempt to collect a debt. Defendant also argues Plaintiff's Complaint fails to state a claim under the FDCPA because the Notice complies with the disclosure requirements in the statute. Specifically, Defendant argues that a disclaimer in the Notice containing the following language is sufficient to satisfy the statute:
The Notice also included language stating that Defendant was not attempting to collect from any person who did not sign the note in question, and further that Defendant would not attempt to collect the debt personally in the event the recipient had received a discharge in bankruptcy. Defendant included with the Motion copies of the note and security deed evidencing the loan with Doris Rhodes, as well as a copy of the Notice.
Defendant seeks to dismiss the Complaint for failure to state a claim. Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6), made applicable to this proceeding by Fed. R. Bankr. P. 7012(b), permits a defendant in an adversary proceeding to move for dismissal when a plaintiff fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6); Fed. R. Bankr. P. 7012(b). In determining whether a complaint states a claim upon which relief can be granted, the Court must accept as true the complaint's factual allegations.
The FDCPA was enacted by Congress "to eliminate abusive debt collection practices by debt collectors, to insure that those debt collectors who refrain from using abusive debt collection practices are not competitively disadvantaged, and to promote consistent State action to protect consumers against debt collection abuses." 15 U.S.C. § 1692(e);
The Complaint alleges Defendant's conduct violated sections 1692e and 1692e(11) warranting both statutory and actual damages. The Motion first argues the Complaint fails to adequately allege Defendant regularly conducts business as a "debt collector" within the meaning of the statute, which is required for it to be subject to the FDCPA. Defendant also argues the Notice was not an attempt to collect a debt, but rather a foreclosure notice. The Motion then argues that Plaintiff has not pled facts sufficient to state a claim that the Notice failed to disclose that Defendant was acting as a debt collector pursuant to the requirements of section 1692e(11). In her response, Plaintiff argues that statements regarding Defendant's foreclosure activity in this district and certain information from its website are sufficient to state a claim that Defendant is a "debt collector", and further that the language in the Notice clearly indicates that Defendant was engaged in a debt collection activity.
Without deciding whether Defendant is a debt collector or the Notice was a debt collection activity, the Court assumes both for purposes of this Order. Assuming those facts, and further assuming the Notice falls within the scope of section 1692e(11), the Court finds the Complaint fails to state a claim for a violation of section 1692e(11). The Complaint begins by alleging that Defendant operates as a debt collector and recites portions of the Notice evidencing Defendant was engaged in a debt collection activity. (Complaint ¶¶ 4-8). The only specific allegation in the Complaint regarding a violation of section 1692e(11) appears to be Plaintiff's assertion that "[t]he notice suggested incorrectly that defendant was not a debt collector." (Complaint ¶ 9). To the extent Plaintiff is alleging that Defendant affirmatively stated in the letter that it is not a debt collector, the record does not support such allegation as the Notice contains no such language. To the extent Plaintiff is instead alleging that Defendant failed to identify itself as a debt collector, the Court finds that the Notice satisfies the disclosure requirements of section 1692e(11), as discussed below.
Section 1692e(11) requires the debt collector to disclose in its initial communication that it is attempting to collect a debt and that any information obtained will be used for that purpose, and also requires a disclosure in any subsequent communications that the communication is from a debt collector. 15 U.S.C. § 1692e(11). When evaluating a communication under section 1692e, the Eleventh Circuit has adopted the "least sophisticated consumer" standard, which asks whether the least sophisticated consumer would be deceived or misled by the communication at issue.
Courts have found that the disclosure requirement of section 1692e(11) does not require explicit use of the term "debt collector".
The Court finds that the disclaimer on the Notice is sufficient indication it was sent from a debt collector. The Notice included disclaimer language that clearly stated the Notice may be an attempt to collect a debt. The disclaimer is readily identifiable in large bold print on all three pages of the Notice, set apart from the remaining language on each page. In addition to the disclaimer, the Notice included other language that identified the sender as a debt collector. For example, the second page of the Notice includes language that states, "If you did not sign the associated Note, we are not seeking to collect the debt from you." Such language implies that Defendant is attempting to collect from the party that did sign the note in question. In addition, the Notice states that if the recipient had received a Chapter 7 bankruptcy discharge then there would not be an attempt to collect the debt personally. This kind of language implies that if there had been no Chapter 7 discharge, then there would be an attempt to collect the debt personally. Taken together, this language would make it clear to the least sophisticated consumer that the Notice was sent by a "debt collector". Accordingly, because the language of the notice satisfies the disclosure requirement of the statute, Plaintiff cannot state a claim for a violation of section 1692e(11). Because the Court reaches this conclusion, there is no need to address the parties' arguments regarding whether Defendant qualifies as a debt collector under the statute and whether Defendant was engaged in a debt collection activity.
In the Motion, Defendant asks the Court to find that Plaintiff brought this Adversary Proceeding in bad faith and award attorney's fees pursuant to section 1692k(3). Section 1692k(3) provides in relevant part that "[o]n a finding by the court that an action under th[e statute] was brought in bad faith and for the purpose of harassment, the court may award to the defendant attorney's fees reasonable in relation to the work expended and costs." 15 U.S.C. § 1692k(3). In support of its request, Defendant argues that Plaintiff's claims were wholly unsubstantiated, that Plaintiff failed to attach a referenced exhibit (the Notice), and that the allegation regarding Defendant suggesting it is not a debt collector was knowingly false. Though the Complaint did not contain much detail, and did omit the referenced Notice, such issues do not rise to the level of bad faith or harassment. Awards of attorney's fees are more appropriately administered "to thwart efforts of a consumer to abuse the statute and avoid responsibility to pay a legitimate debt",
After reviewing the Complaint, the Motion, all responses and replies, and all documents attached to the Motion, and considering the parties' positions in the light most favorable to Plaintiff, the Court finds that Plaintiff's complaint fails to allege sufficient facts to state a claim under 15 U.S.C. §§ 1692e and 1692e(11). Accordingly, it is hereby