SARAH S. VANCE, District Judge.
Before the Court are plaintiff's motion for partial summary judgment
This case arises out of the sinking of Defendant LA Marine Service LLC's vessel, the M/V CAPT. LJ.
The M/V CAPT. LJ was afloat near Empire, Louisiana on April 7, 2016, when it capsized and sank during the night.
On April 15, 2016, plaintiff issued a Reservation of Rights letter to LA Marine asserting that the insurance policy would not cover losses caused by a vessel owner, through bad faith or neglect, knowingly permitting the vessel to go to sea in an unseaworthy condition.
Plaintiff also requested information from LA Marine to assist in its investigation of the claim, including maintenance records, accident reports, and information about the leak and the operation of the generator and bilge pump.
On July 28, 2016, a marine surveyor, Nicholas Paternostro, provided a survey report on the M/V CAPT. LJ.
On August 2, 2016, plaintiff filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment that it does not owe insurance coverage for losses arising out of the sinking of the M/V CAPT. LJ.
Plaintiff now moves for partial summary judgment to dismiss defendants' counterclaims for statutory penalties and "lay up" payments.
Summary judgment is warranted when "the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23 (1986); Little v. Liquid Air Corp., 37 F.3d 1069, 1075 (5th Cir. 1994). When assessing whether a dispute as to any material fact exists, the Court considers "all of the evidence in the record but refrain[s] from making credibility determinations or weighing the evidence." Delta & Pine Land Co. v. Nationwide Agribusiness Ins. Co., 530 F.3d 395, 398-99 (5th Cir. 2008). All reasonable inferences are drawn in favor of the nonmoving party, but "unsupported allegations or affidavits setting forth `ultimate or conclusory facts and conclusions of law' are insufficient to either support or defeat a motion for summary judgment." Galindo v. Precision Am. Corp., 754 F.2d 1212, 1216 (5th Cir. 1985); see also Little, 37 F.3d at 1075. "No genuine dispute of fact exists if the record taken as a whole could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the non-moving party." EEOC v. Simbaki, Ltd., 767 F.3d 475, 481 (5th Cir. 2014).
If the dispositive issue is one on which the moving party will bear the burden of proof at trial, the moving party "must come forward with evidence which would entitle it to a directed verdict if the evidence went uncontroverted at trial." Int'l Shortstop, Inc. v. Rally's, Inc., 939 F.2d 1257, 1264-65 (5th Cir. 1991) (internal citation omitted). The nonmoving party can then defeat the motion by either countering with evidence sufficient to demonstrate the existence of a genuine dispute of material fact, or "showing that the moving party's evidence is so sheer that it may not persuade the reasonable fact-finder to return a verdict in favor of the moving party." Id. at 1265.
If the dispositive issue is one on which the nonmoving party will bear the burden of proof at trial, the moving party may satisfy its burden by pointing out that the evidence in the record is insufficient with respect to an essential element of the nonmoving party's claim. See Celotex, 477 U.S. at 325. The burden then shifts to the nonmoving party, who must, by submitting or referring to evidence, set out specific facts showing that a genuine issue exists. See id. at 324. The nonmovant may not rest upon the pleadings, but must identify specific facts that establish a genuine issue for trial. See, e.g., id.; Little, 37 F.3d at 1075 ("Rule 56 mandates the entry of summary judgment, after adequate time for discovery and upon motion, against a party who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial.") (quoting Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322).
Under Louisiana Revised Statutes § 22:1892 and § 22:1973, an insurer may be liable for statutory penalties for failure to timely pay the amount of a claim when the failure to pay is "arbitrary, capricious, or without probable cause." La. R.S. 22:1892; La. R.S. 22:1973.
As the insured party, defendants bear the burden of proof on a claim for statutory penalties. Dickerson, 556 F.3d at 297. Defendants have not met their burden in this case. Plaintiff provided evidence that it promptly initiated an investigation into the sinking of the M/V CAPT. LJ. and denied the insurance claim only after receiving two survey reports that indicated the vessel may not have been seaworthy at the time of the sinking.
Defendants instead make several legal arguments that plaintiff acted arbitrarily and capriciously. Defendants first contend that plaintiff lacked a reasonable basis to deny coverage when it issued its April 15, 2016, Reservation of Rights letter.
Defendants further argue that plaintiff lacked a reasonable basis to deny coverage because seaworthiness was admitted in the insurance contract and plaintiff failed to diligently inspect the vessel before issuing insurance.
Further, defendants' interpretation of the insurance contract is contrary to established law. The Fifth Circuit has explained that "federal maritime law implies two warranties of seaworthiness in a time hull insurance policy," an absolute warranty of seaworthiness at the inception of the policy and "a modified, negative warranty, under which the insured promises not to knowingly send a vessel to sea in an unseaworthy condition." Employers Ins. of Wausau v. Occidental Petroleum Corp., 978 F.2d 1422, 1431-32 (5th Cir. 1992). The "American Rule" provides that, if a vessel owner permits the "vessel to break ground in an unseaworthy condition," the insurer may deny coverage for "loss or damage caused proximately by such unseaworthiness." Saskatchewan Government Insurance Office v. Spot Pack, Inc., 242 F.2d 385, 388 (5th Cir. 1957).
The "Seaworthiness Admitted Clause" of the contract is relevant to the absolute warranty of seaworthiness at the inception of the insurance policy, but there is no basis to believe that this provision waived the defendants' continuing obligation not to send the vessel to sea in an unseaworthy condition. The insurance contract includes a separate "Liner Negligence Clause," which explicitly excludes from coverage loss or damage that has "resulted from want of due diligence by the Assured(s), the Owner(s) or Manager(s) of the Vessel, or any of them."
There is also no merit to defendants' argument that plaintiff should have inspected the vessel before issuing coverage. Under the implied absolute warranty of seaworthiness, the insured bears the risk of loss if the vessel is not seaworthy at the time of the contract. See Employers Ins. of Wausau, 978 F.2d at 1433 (explaining that the insured is "best able to have the vessel adequately prepared for th[e] voyage" and the warranty "place[s] the risk of loss on the cheapest cost avoider"). Plaintiff therefore did not have a general duty to ensure the seaworthiness of the vessel before issuing coverage, and defendants do not point to any contractual provision that would create such a duty.
Finally, defendants contend that plaintiff has not presented evidence that defendants failed to exercise due diligence.
Defendants also request compensation under the "Lay Up Return Clause" of the insurance contract.
Although defendants contend that the M/V CAPT. LJ is not under repair,
If defendants had paid for the repairs themselves, placed the vessel back into commission, and later sought reimbursement from plaintiff for the cost of the repairs, plaintiff would not be liable for lay up damages under the contract. Defendants have the burden of proof on their counterclaim, and have failed to present any facts or legal authority to support an entitlement to lay up damages where a vessel is laid up for an extended period of time only because of a failure to pay for repairs. Plaintiff is entitled summary judgment on defendants' claim for lay up damages.
The deadline for the submission of dispositive motions in this matter was May 10, 2017, requiring a filing date of April 25, 2017.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16(b) provides that "[a] schedule may be modified only for good cause and with the judge's consent." Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(b)(4). The "good cause standard requires the party seeking relief to show that the deadlines cannot reasonably be met despite the diligence of the party needing the extension." S & W Enterprises, L.L.C. v. SouthTrust Bank of Ala., NA, 315 F.3d 533, 535 (5th Cir. 2003) (internal citation omitted). In making scheduling decisions, the Court's "judgment range is exceedingly wide," for it "must consider not only the facts of the particular case but also all of the demands on counsel's time and the court's." HC Gun & Knife Shows, Inc. v. City of Houston, 201 F.3d 544, 549-50 (5th Cir. 2000); see also Versai Management Corp. v. Clarendon America Ins. Co., 597 F.3d 729, 740 (5th Cir. 2010).
Plaintiff asserts that it has good cause for an extension because it chose not to file a motion for summary judgment in reliance on defendants' representation that their expert's report and testimony would create a potential issue of fact.
The Court finds that plaintiff has failed to show that the original dispositive motion deadline could not reasonably be met despite due diligence. Defendants' counsel produced their Rule 26 expert disclosures by email on March 21, 2017, identifying Andrew Minster and Austin Glass as defense experts.
Plaintiff represents that, after Glass's deposition, defendants' counsel informed plaintiff's counsel that defendants intended to rely on the expert opinion of Minster and that Minster would issue a supplemental report.
The Court is not persuaded that defendants' purported representations regarding Minster's expert testimony prevented plaintiff from meeting the dispositive motion deadline. Plaintiff was on notice as of March 21, 2017, that defendants planned to use Minster as an expert but did not attempt to depose him before the dispositive motion filing deadline.
Given the absence of good cause for an extension, the Court will not reset the dispositive motion deadline.
For the foregoing reasons, plaintiff's motion for partial summary judgment is GRANTED. Defendants' claims for statutory penalties and lay up damages are DISMISSED. Plaintiff's motion for an extension of deadlines is DENIED.