SIDNEY A. FITZWATER, District Judge.
In this action seeking declaratory relief, to quiet title, and a permanent injunction, defendant Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, as Trustee for HSI Asset Securitization Corporation 2006-OPT2, Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2006-OPT2 ("Deutsche Bank"), moves for summary judgment on all claims. For the reasons that follow, the court grants Deutsche Bank's motion and dismisses this action with prejudice by judgment filed today.
In 2005 plaintiffs Sweet Aster Reddick and Bessie L. Reddick (the "Reddicks") obtained a Texas home equity loan from Alpha Mortgage USA, Inc.
The Reddicks made consistent payments on the Mortgage until 2009, when they experienced financial hardship. Pursuant to the optional acceleration clause in the security agreement, which gives the lender the right to sell the Property if the borrower fails to cure a default,
The Reddicks remained in default after the dismissal of the lawsuit, and, on June 8, 2015, Deutsche Bank sent them a new Notice of Default and Intent to Accelerate. Deutsche Bank sent another notice of acceleration on September 14, 2015. On November 10, 2015 Deutsche Bank filed another Rule 736 proceeding. This suit was abated when the Reddicks filed the present lawsuit in Texas state court, and the Rule 736 proceeding was ultimately dismissed on February 29, 2016.
On July 8, 2016 Deutsche Bank removed the instant case to this court. In this lawsuit, the Reddicks seek a declaration that Deutsche Bank's lien on the Property is void, to quiet title to the Property, and a permanent injunction. All three claims rely on the Reddicks' contention that Deutsche Bank's lien on the Property is void due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. Deutsche Bank moves for summary judgment dismissing all of the Reddicks' claims. The Reddicks oppose the motion.
Deutsche Bank moves for summary judgment on claims for which the Reddicks will have the burden of proof at trial. Because the Reddicks will have the burden of proof, Deutsche Bank's burden at the summary judgment stage is to point the court to the absence of evidence of any essential element of the Reddicks' claim. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986). Once it does so, the Reddicks must go beyond their pleadings and designate specific facts demonstrating that there is a genuine issue for trial. See id. at 324; Little v. Liquid Air Corp., 37 F.3d 1069, 1075 (5th Cir. 1994) (en banc) (per curiam). An issue is genuine if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict in the Reddicks' favor. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). The Reddicks' failure to produce proof as to any essential element of a claim renders all other facts immaterial. TruGreen Landcare, L.L.C. v. Scott, 512 F.Supp.2d 613, 623 (N.D. Tex. 2007) (Fitzwater, J.). Summary judgment is mandatory where the Reddicks fail to meet this burden. Little, 37 F.3d at 1077.
Where, as here, the proper resolution "turns on the interpretation of Texas law, `[this court is] bound to apply [Texas] law as interpreted by the state's highest court.'" Am. Int'l Specialty Lines Ins. Co. v. Rentech Steel L.L.C., 620 F.3d 558, 564 (5th Cir. 2010) (second brackets in original) (quoting Barfield v. Madison Cnty., Miss., 212 F.3d 269, 271-72 (5th Cir. 2000)). Under Texas law, a home equity loan may only be foreclosed upon by a court order. See Tex. Const. Ann. Art. XVI, § 50(a)(6)(D). When a lender exercises its power of sale granted in a mortgage, Rule 736 provides the procedure for obtaining a court order.
"A sale of real property under a power of sale in a mortgage or deed of trust that creates a real property lien" must take place within four years after the day the cause of action accrues. Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 16.035(b) (West 2017).
The material facts in this case are largely undisputed, and the parties focus instead on the legal issue of tolling. Neither side disputes that the Reddicks' claims accrued when Deutsche Bank accelerated the loan on May 24, 2011. The Reddicks maintain that Deutsche Bank exercised its option to accelerate the debt on May 24, 2011, that the statute of limitations expired on May 24, 2015, and that the lien is void. Deutsche Bank primarily contends the statute of limitations was tolled when the Reddicks filed the two lawsuits because it could not foreclose under Rule 736 while the lawsuits were pending. The Reddicks maintain that because Deutsche Bank could have pursued a legal remedy while the lawsuits were pending—by filing a suit or counterclaim to request foreclosure—the statute of limitations was not tolled. The court disagrees.
"A proceeding or order under [Rule 736] is automatically stayed if a respondent files a separate, original proceeding in a court of competent jurisdiction that puts in issue any matter related to the origination, servicing, or enforcement of the loan agreement, contract, or lien sought to be foreclosed prior to 5:00 p.m. on the Monday before the scheduled foreclosure sale." Tex. R. Civ. P. 736.11(a). If an automatic stay is in effect, any foreclosure sale of the property is void. See Tex. R. Civ. P. 736.11(d). Additionally, Deutsche Bank could not exercise this right by bringing a Rule 736 proceeding or a counterclaim in a borrower's suit against the lender. See Steptoe v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 464 S.W.3d 429, 433 (Tex. App. 2015).
Deutsche Bank's ability to exercise its judicial foreclosure remedy during the lawsuits has no effect on its right to exercise its power of sale under the Mortgage. "[J]udicial foreclosure and the ability of a trustee to foreclose under the power of sale in a deed of trust [or mortgage] are separate and distinct remedies, either of which the trustee may elect to pursue." In re Erickson, 566 Fed. Appx. 281, 284 (5th Cir. 2014) (per curiam).
It is a well-established equitable principle of Texas law that, where "a person is prevented from exercising his legal remedy by the pendency of legal proceedings, the time during which he is thus prevented should not be counted against him in determining whether limitations have barred his right." Hughes v. Mahaney & Higgins, 821 S.W.2d 154, 157 (Tex. 1991). Because Deutsche Bank has been unable to pursue foreclosure under Rule 736 for the duration of the lawsuits, the court holds that the statute of limitations for exercising the power of sale was tolled through the duration of the first lawsuit for 1,055 days and will be tolled through the duration of the current lawsuit. See HSBC Bank USA, N.A. v. Crum, 2016 WL 728569, at *5 (N.D. Tex. Feb. 24, 2016) (Boyle, J.) (holding that four year statute of limitations to foreclose on note tolled by foreclosure prevention suit). Thus Deutsche Bank holds a valid lien on the Property because it can still exercise its right to foreclose under Rule 736.
For the reasons explained, the court grants Deutsche Bank's motion for summary judgment and dismisses this lawsuit with prejudice.